A country holiday at the dacha is, first of all, an opportunity to breathe the fresh air of a garden or forest twenty hours a day. It is impossible to relax and at the same time be in the stuffy box of a country house, so a summer resident who values his health sooner or later arranges with his own hands a full-fledged summer terrace with an awning or a roof. Building a terrace with your own hands is much simpler than a gazebo or veranda, so arranging a special area for a table and garden furniture, as a rule, does not require large investments, although the effect will be quite impressive.
What is the secret of the terrace
Despite a certain external similarity between the veranda and the terrace, the purpose of these buildings is different, as are the actual sizes and designs. A veranda is a part of a house with closed walls, windows and a full roof. The terrace is a landscaped outdoor area for relaxing on a sunny day with a canopy, canopy or awning. It’s easier to understand the difference if you look at photos or drawings of a classic terrace.
When choosing a place and method for building a terrace with your own hands, you can use classic techniques for arranging a recreation area:
- In close proximity to the house, using the platform and steps as a porch and platform in front of the entrance to the house;
- Take it out as a separate area and place it in a cozy, sunny and less windy place in the summer cottage. In this case, a prerequisite is the arrangement of a path, stairs or steps, with the help of which you can quickly get inside the house;
- Build a special type of roof or ceiling of a country house for the terrace with your own hands, on which the recreation area will be located.
Important! It is clear that verandas and gazebos are not built this way, so any drawings and recommendations for the construction of terraces can be creatively processed, changing the dimensions to suit your wishes. The main thing is that the design is comfortable, durable and safe to use.
The dimensions of terraced areas, as a rule, can be several times larger than the dimensions of gazebo buildings, and even more so, verandas. Almost always, the base of the deck is built from wood or composite, raising the structure above the ground so that moisture and dampness do not affect the condition of the boardwalk.
Selecting the device, design and dimensions
The terrace is a one-of-a-kind building, designed not to create shade, but, on the contrary, aimed at providing the possibility of a comfortable and safe stay in the sun. Therefore, when choosing a project and site for constructing a terrace with your own hands, drawings and dimensions, you must take into account the following features:
- The design of a platform of any size, raised above the ground by more than 18-20 cm, must include fencing and railings for the terrace. For buildings that include several platforms located at different heights, intermediate steps and handrails are provided;
- The floor, railings and fences must be made of wood or a material with similar properties, for example, a polymer composite. The drawing must indicate the quality of wood processing and the type of coating applied - varnish or a protective composition based on epoxy resins;
- If there is a canopy or awning, one edge of the roof must be attached to the main wall of the house, the second rests on stationary supports embedded in the ground to a depth of at least 40 cm with a concrete blind area poured.
Important! Before choosing a diagram of how to make a terrace, it is important to choose the right material that best matches the design in the drawing.
The easiest way is to build a terrace at the corner junction of two walls of the house, as in the photo. In this case, we build a terrace and automatically get a platform in front of the entrance to the house.
Corner terrace design
The simplest option for a terrace would be to build a platform made of wood on a primitive foundation of concrete blocks or slabs, as in the drawing. The angular arrangement provides protection of the terrace area from wind and rain on both sides, so there is no need to install wind protection with polycarbonate sheets or wood panels.
If necessary, you can install a fabric awning, curtain or canopy over the terrace, the dimensions of which will be limited only by the dimensions of the walls of the house. The disadvantages of the design include the fact that if the slope is incorrect, the wooden platform can affect the distribution of rainwater, therefore the calculation and size of the slope of 3-4 degrees must be immediately recorded on the terrace drawing. The size of the foundation supports for the flooring must be calculated from a sketch or drawing, based on measurements of the entrance opening above the ground level.
For a lightweight frame structure of a terraced area, it will be enough to lay 12-15 concrete blocks or several dozen clinker tiles as a foundation. You will first need to remove the top layer of soil, fill it with fine gravel, compact it and lay a sand cushion. The most difficult thing will be to maintain the size and thickness of the sand base so that the height of the foundation columnar or slab supports does not exceed the calculated value according to the drawing.
Geotextiles can be laid on the sand, which effectively prevents the growth of weeds and grass. To fill the floor of the terrace, experts recommend first tying the supports with timber and laying joists made of wood. But in this case, you have to increase the vertical size of the terrace in height by 20-30 cm, which is not always convenient. In the simplest case, a beam measuring 60x60 mm is laid directly on the tile and fixed with pieces of reinforcement, driving it directly into the ground.
The most difficult stage of assembling a budget terrace structure will be covering the decking with boards. An oak or special decking board made of polypropylene and sawdust, 200x30 mm in size, is best suited.
For your information! The appearance and dimensions of the composite material are practically no different from processed natural boards. High resistance to moisture and absolute insensitivity to insects and pathogenic microorganisms make decking boards an excellent substitute for expensive oak wood.
When covering the platform frame, you must carefully follow the recommendations for installing decking boards given in the drawing. In a similar way, flooring can be made from ordinary boards pre-treated with an antiseptic.
Building a simple terrace on your own
The average size of the site is 4x2 m. We will install the wooden structure on wooden supports in a swinging pattern. Part of the terrace area will rest on pillars made of paired timber 120 cm long and 100x100 mm in size, the second part of the terrace will rest on the plank wall of the country house. To install the timber, we will drill holes in the ground with a diameter of 90 mm and hammer the supports with a sledgehammer.
Next, the supports driven into the ground must be tied with a flat board or a sheet of thick plywood with a section size of 350x40 mm. When attaching boards, it is necessary to additionally control the horizontal position of the strapping sheet.
We attach the side trim boards directly to the walls of the wooden house; in the supports, you will need to cut down for installation of the longitudinal trim board.
After assembling the frame, transverse joists are installed, measuring 2.5 m with a cross-section of 100x40 mm, which will increase the rigidity of the base of the terrace platform and at the same time serve as a support for the floorboards.
At the next stage, the terrace fencing is assembled. Along the outer contour of the platform, grooves are cut out in the floorboards, after which, as in the drawing, supports are nailed under the railings. A vertical beam or board measuring 100x50 mm, 120 cm high is attached to the bottom board of the trim using self-tapping screws. A groove for the crossbars is filed on the inside of the racks, after which the lower bar and railings for the terrace area are installed.
Diagonal spacers are placed between the posts, increasing the strength of the entire fence structure.
Conclusion
The above terrace design is simple and easy to build with your own hands. If desired, you can install a small fabric awning or a full-fledged canopy made of polycarbonate or light ondulin over the terrace area. The wooden structure must be treated with protective antiseptics, and the floor must be periodically treated with wax or paraffin mastics.
What could be better than relaxing in the fresh air? Only an organized, civilized holiday with comfort. Most homeowners do not miss the opportunity to create such a place to relax in their private yard or on their personal plot and add a terrace to the house (or plan it during the construction of the building). It is not surprising that the word “terrace” contains the combination “terra”, which means earth. After all, a terrace is nothing more than a platform located on the ground or slightly raised above its level and equipped specifically for relaxation. Terraces can be free-standing or attached to the house. In this publication we will analyze the second version of this versatile, practical and beautiful place for organizing outdoor recreation.
According to the degree of openness, terraces can be completely open, semi-closed or closed. But do not confuse a terrace with a veranda (usually a glazed area attached to a house) - a closed terrace is a structure with a roof, sometimes enclosed by one or two walls of the house, but not glazed.
On the open terrace (deck without a roof) you can also have relaxation segments, dining areas and even children's play areas. But in such cases, it is important to take care of sun protection (especially for terraces located on the south and south-east sides of the building) and to provide for the possibility of pulling an awning or using garden umbrellas. Such umbrellas can be portable devices and can be mounted anywhere or be part of a table.
Among the terraces adjacent to the house, there are not many options in shape - rectangular (the most common type), square, asymmetrical and wrapping around the perimeter of the building. The latter become an effective way to organize outdoor recreation if the area adjacent to the house is small, and the terrace cannot be made wide enough, and several functional segments need to be placed on it (for example, not only a recreation area, but also a sector for dining ).
Terraces can also be single-level or multi-level, located at the main entrance or overlooking the backyard. But, as a rule, they try to build a terrace (or plan to build it initially) on the south side of the building. This location allows you to enjoy the warmth of the sun's rays as many days a year as possible.
Terrace styles
Today, the most popular styles of terrace design can be considered the following:
- modern;
- traditional;
- colonial;
- coastal (beach);
- country (rustic).
Modern style involves comfortable minimalism. The slogan “less is more” suits this terrace design style perfectly. Strict lines, laconic forms, simplicity and functionality in everything. But at the same time, the style is not devoid of comfort and coziness. The furniture on such a terrace is simple but practical, often designer and original. Decorative elements on the terrace, decorated in a modern style, are completely absent or presented very modestly. Most often, quite functional items are used as decor - lighting fixtures, additional furniture (coffee tables, coasters). To create a modern terrace, durable, but unpretentious materials to use and maintain are used - metal and stone, various composites, PVC (it is possible to use high-quality imitation wood).
In turn, traditional style is not complete without decor. In the construction of the terrace itself, it can be present in the design of the railings (the use of balusters or forged patterns), and the use of skirting boards of various configurations. Instead of supports, you can use columns - hexagonal or round. In order to smooth out the corners and, as a result, soften the entire image of the terrace, octagons and tongue and groove corners are used. Most often, when constructing a traditional terrace, natural materials are used - wood and stone. Wood species with a beautiful natural pattern are selected - cedar or mahogany gives pleasant, cozy shades and lasts a long time.
Whether your traditional-style deck will have railings depends on the height of the deck relative to ground level, the presence of small children and pets, and your personal preferences. If you decide to use railings to increase the level of security of the terrace, then do not forget about the beauty of this architectural element. Carved wooden balusters or forged decor for metal railings are a luxurious decor option for a traditional terrace design style.
Colonial style is based on the use of classical architecture motifs, but with the use of colorful elements. Colonial style is always practicality coupled with beauty, symmetry and convenience, decorating with flowers and borrowing architectural elements from former colony countries. For example, an accent detail of such a terrace can be a pergola, an original bench or snow-white railings with decorative balusters.
If your home is located by the sea or lake, then a beach or coastal style will be the ideal choice for decorating your terrace. In such a place, more than in any other, you want all the buildings to be in harmony with the surrounding landscape, to fit as organically as possible into the overall picture. When making a coastal terrace, special attention must be paid to the choice of building and finishing materials. A good solution would be to use gray composite decking or use cedar in combination with gray paint. Of course, a terrace in the coastal part must be built with a view of the water - the sea, a forest lake or a river.
How to arrange a terrace attached to a house?
Summer living room
One of the most common options for arranging spacious terraces is to design this outdoor space in the form of a summer living room. In fact, a second living room is set up on the terrace, with upholstered furniture, coffee tables and even a fireplace in some cases. The only difference is that for the summer recreation area, mainly garden furniture made of wood, metal or wicker models made of wicker and rattan are used. In order to create a truly comfortable relaxation area, garden furniture is accompanied by an abundance of soft pillows, special seats with removable covers that are easily washed in a washing machine.
Outdoor dining area
Any dish tastes better if you taste it in the fresh air. Therefore, it is not surprising that most owners of private houses of urban or suburban type try to provide themselves with the opportunity to eat in the yard. To be able to host a family dinner or reception without fear of rainy weather, it is best to arrange a dining area on a covered terrace. On the one hand, there is a meal on the street, everyone enjoys the fresh air, on the other hand, no one is afraid of bad weather. To arrange the dining area on the terrace, mainly garden furniture is used, because the presence of a roof over the table and chairs does not protect the surface of the furniture from the usual effects of dust brought by the wind and dirt from our soles, which can smear the legs of the dining set.
Some terraces, in addition to designing an area for eating, are equipped with equipment for cooking. A barbecue area under the roof of the terrace is the best option for providing the owners and their guests with dishes cooked over a fire in any weather. It is obvious that the cooking area is designed in a similar manner to the arrangement of the entire terrace.
Relaxation area with swings
Not only hanging beds are incredibly popular these days among many owners of private houses and apartments around the world. Hanging sofas (and it is difficult to call ordinary swings such comfortable seats with soft upholstery and decorative pillows), located on the terrace, allow you to relax in the fresh air with an incredibly high level of comfort. For those who decide to fully relax on the terrace, there is also the opportunity to lie down on the sofa with a gentle rocking motion. Next to such a comfortable and at the same time original swing, as a rule, a small table-stand is installed to allow you to enjoy delicious evening tea or put books and magazines for reading in the fresh air.
How to decorate the terrace? It all depends on its size and the style of arrangement you choose. But there are also universal options that are suitable for terraces of all shapes and sizes, stylistic and design versions. Lighting fixtures can become practical decor. Lighting of the facade of a building refers to utilitarian or functional types, designed primarily to ensure the safe presence of a person near the house at night. But the lighting system is quite capable of serving as a decorative element. Beautiful forged elements of wall lanterns or original, designer versions of pendant lamps with shades - every owner, with any size of wallet, will be able to find his own version of a non-trivial design of a lighting fixture. Lighting on the terrace should be soft, diffused - not to hit the eyes with streams of light, but to create a comfortable, pleasant atmosphere, but at the same time provide the opportunity to move along the deck with a high level of safety.
Another practical option for decorating a terrace is installing a fireplace. Obviously, the functional background of this structure is beyond doubt. And at the same time, watching the flames play is an incredibly relaxing pastime. If you are sitting in a comfortable chair or on a soft sofa, then relaxing in the fresh air can be considered highly comfortable.
An ideal option for decorating a terrace is to use plants – flowering and not only. Floor flowerpots, garden pots and mini tubs, hanging plant pots and entire compositions in the form of “living” walls – you can’t have too many flowers on the terrace. Unless you choose a minimalist modern design style for your roof deck.
Depending on the location of the terrace in relation to the cardinal directions, you may need to be able to protect its space from the sun's rays. You can decorate the terrace in the form of an oriental tent, using light translucent fabrics, or opt for a more standard option and choose regular curtains with eyelets. The main thing that needs to be taken into account is that the fabric should be easily removed from the curtain rod and cleaned by machine washing, because textiles on the street will quickly get dirty.
Some terraces have such a small area that it is simply not possible to install a fireplace, a barbecue area or a place to relax with luxurious sofas. But on any, even the tiniest terrace (more like a wide porch with a canopy), there is room for a couple of small garden chairs or at least chairs with backs. A terrace of any size can be decorated with flower pots or a small floor vase. A beautiful street lamp will not only provide the necessary level of illumination at night, but will also become a decorative element. Accent items can be garden chairs or a bright rug in front of the front door.
A veranda is a great way to organize an extra room in a country house or in a private house. Do not forget that this is a kind of “calling card” of the entire house: guests see the design of the veranda, then go inside the house. Before decorating the veranda, you need to choose whether your extension will be open or whether you decide to close it completely and make a cozy place with a gorgeous view from the window. This choice imposes some restrictions when choosing the necessary furniture and design in general.
It would be a great idea to decorate the veranda with garlands; at night it looks very beautiful
In warm weather, you can receive guests in the veranda
The veranda is a great place to relax in the fresh air
The veranda can be either a closed or open building with any type of roof, and it must be part of the house. The terrace is located outside the main building, so you should plan the design of the terrace from the beginning. When building a terrace, an additional raised base is created, often at a certain elevation from the ground. It must be fenced, otherwise it will be considered an open area outside the house.
The veranda and the house have a common foundation, which distinguishes it from all other types of additional buildings. The advantage is that it can be built together with the house or erected as an additional building. Often, verandas are created as a closed type, allowing you to design it even as a separate room, especially important in the summer.
To create a good view, choose a large space, with windows on 2-3 sides. The porch should not be confused with the veranda, because it does not have a roof or walls or they do not border the main building. Do you want to create a full-fledged room, like in a private house? Insulate and completely enclose the extension, decorate it in the desired style and arrange functional furniture.
A veranda decorated with curtains will look very beautiful
Even in the smallest veranda you can organize a place to relax
How are terraces and verandas divided?
Verandas can be closed or open. To save time, it is worth planning the structure before constructing the main building. If the foundation is solid, the risk of cracks appearing on the walls of the additional building will be significantly reduced. The extension must be documented along with the plan, as part of a private house or cottage. If you decide to create a veranda after the construction of the main building, be prepared to pay additional money to complete the entire package of documents. Exterior decoration should be as similar as possible or made in the same style as the entire house.
The veranda is a great place to relax and have tea
A chandelier in a veranda design will look very beautiful
You can relax in such a veranda at any time of the year
Terrace design is divided into three types.
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Open type - an area without a foundation, which can additionally be covered with a canopy. |
Great for summer holidays in the country. Not popular due to its specific climate. |
|
Closed version - equipped with a foundation separate from the main building, walls are installed. |
If you want the terrace to serve all year round, take care of installing ventilation and heating systems. |
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A universal terrace is one of the most popular options, thanks to the additional connection of double-glazed windows and doors, which makes it easy to turn an open option into a closed one. |
Equipped with a mechanism that allows you to fold roofs and walls. Built on a foundation, easy to implement heating system |
You can choose any type based on your desires and capabilities. It is better to take care of this before building a house; creating a separate building will be much more expensive. In addition, you will lose time on completing an additional package of documents.
You can decorate the veranda with fresh flowers
It will be a pleasure to relax in such a veranda
Step-by-step plan for closing the veranda
First you need to draw a detailed diagram. Then choose the material. One of the best ways is to cover the veranda with polycarbonate.
Advantages of this method:
high strength material, especially if you use a monolithic version;
capable of blocking ultraviolet radiation;
environmentally friendly, which is especially important if there are children in the family;
There are many options available in different colors, this makes it possible to decorate the veranda in any style.
Before construction, you need to draw a diagram, select a material, and then begin building the frame. You need to choose a frame made of brick or wooden beams. If you don’t want to spend money on buying new material, make a frame from what is left after the main building.
Veranda design with growing tree
In the veranda you can put a sofa, a fireplace and spend your free time in the fresh air
The veranda near the small pond will become your favorite place to relax
Advice! Do not forget to make the necessary calculations for sheets of this material and calculate the minimum bend.
Be sure to study the rules for installing polycarbonate before installing it:
each sheathing step can be from 60 to 80 centimeters;
in order for condensate to flow out without problems, it is necessary to install vertical channels vertically;
sheets must be connected with special profiles;
thermal washers are used to secure sheets; they do not damage the coating;
The protective film can only be removed after all installation work has been completed.
There are many other materials, you should choose based on the characteristics of your home. The advantages of polycarbonate are that it is suitable for any type of private house or cottage.
A veranda hung with curtains will look very beautiful
The veranda can be glazed and you can relax there on the windiest days
Interior decoration of the veranda
You can choose the design of the veranda yourself. But there are certain rules of interior decoration that must be followed to create a cozy atmosphere. The extension is created close to nature, so the style should be as close to natural as possible.
Style selection
The style must be chosen the same as the house was decorated in or be as similar to it as possible. It is not necessary to create a veranda in an identical style; you can take the main points from the interior design of a private house and place them in the veranda. Styles such as country or Provence are best suited for her. Thanks to the interweaving of comfort and simplicity, you can create a place ideal for relaxation. The Japanese style will look unusual, yet harmonious.
Flowers in flowerpots will perfectly complement the interior of the veranda
The veranda can be glazed and you can spend free time there even in cold weather
You can decorate the veranda with flowers
Materials
Remember the basic rule: no artificial materials, everything must be natural. If you have a lot of space, you can make an additional wall of stone, which will resemble a loft. The floors are made using porcelain stoneware - a wear-resistant material that can last for a long period of time, while requiring minimal effort in maintenance. It is best to use panoramic glazing that allows light to pass through, illuminating the plants.
Advice! Install glass sliding doors that allow you to let freshness in at a certain moment or, on the contrary, protect you from rain.
The veranda is a great place to relax in the fresh air
In the veranda you can put a sofa, a table and receive guests
Layout
Choose based on the purpose of the veranda: you can create either a small cozy place to relax or a full-fledged dining room, hallway or living room. If you are not going to create a kitchen out of an extension, it is enough to purchase a designer table and light chairs so that you can sometimes chat over a cup of tea. You can cook barbecue, then you will need a grill.
If you need a veranda for country feasts with a huge number of friends and relatives, then the planning must be carried out taking into account all the rules. Separate the cooking and eating areas separately. In the first one, you need to install an oven and grill, a cutting table and separately purchase cabinets for dishes. By properly organizing the placement of kitchen furniture, you can rid yourself of the kitchen inside the house.
On warm days, the veranda will be a great place to relax in the fresh air.
You can put chairs in the veranda and spend your free time there
You can put a sofa in the veranda and enjoy the surrounding beauty
Choosing furniture
Choose garden furniture; it is made of durable materials and can withstand the effects of external sources. Such furniture is not afraid of moisture, cold or strong sunlight. It is enough to buy one large table and comfortable chairs. You can put a large sofa for relaxing with the whole family.
If you are creating a relaxation room, it would not be a bad idea to put a coffee table. If you are creating a full-fledged kitchen, buy cabinets, otherwise they will be useless. A rocking chair and slides with various plants look great to create a relaxing atmosphere.
Space around the main room
The veranda should be in the same style as the surrounding landscape. If there is a garden, it should organically continue the style of the extension. For example, you choose the English style to decorate the veranda, make sure that the garden is in the same style. It can be organically combined with other areas surrounding the house:
create your own greenhouse or small winter garden right in the extension;
a playground for children to have fun while adults are busy with their own business;
you can build a bathhouse and combine it with a veranda: take a steam bath, then eat barbecue.
If you approach the design responsibly, a simple extension can turn into a full-fledged additional room or a functional recreation area.
You can glaze the veranda and relax even when there is a strong wind outside
You can decorate the veranda with curtains; they will sway beautifully in the wind
Which curtains to choose for the veranda?
Curtains, which can be:
transparent - a light option will help create a romantic atmosphere, but will not protect you from the wind;
acrylic version - able to repel dust and dirt, a huge number of different options are available so that you can choose curtains for a certain style of veranda;
PVC film is the most practical option, capable of creating comfort even in bad weather, but it looks much worse than the two previous options;
The type of curtains in a private home must be chosen based on your requirements. If you want to protect yourself from the sun and nosy neighbors, you should choose classic fabric curtains secured with hooks. It is worth tying with special tiebacks; the most popular options are magnets and hairpins. You should not tie the curtains too high, and also maintain symmetry.
Should I add plants?
In the summer in Russia it is incredibly hot, you can escape from this not only with curtains and curtains, but also by planting plants. Vertical gardening is an ideal option for an open veranda to close existing openings. Our climate is favorable for various climbing plants, so you can give your veranda an incredible appearance and at the same time escape from the sun without additional cash costs.
Vertical gardening can make the air more humid, reducing dust levels. If you want to give your extension an unusual look, you can purchase rare plants yourself, but you will have to spend a considerable amount of money. You can use the classic version: hedges serve as decoration. It is worth decorating the veranda not only inside, but also outside, planting coniferous trees and small shrubs nearby.
The veranda is built so that it becomes an excellent place where you can take a break from the everyday hustle and bustle, relax and forget about all the problems. On the contrary, you can turn it into a place to work with an ideal view.
Video: Veranda design
50 photos of veranda design ideas:
Proper construction of extensions for various purposes can not only expand the residential part of the house, but also improve its appearance and protect it from wear and tear. The construction of a veranda adjacent to the house, regardless of the type of structure, requires careful development of the project, with the determination of materials and construction technology.
Proper execution and approval of project documentation by government authorities will not only insure against problems with the law, but will also help to draw up a plan and estimate for the structure.
Design
A typical veranda is a roofed frame structure built on a strip or column foundation, with glass or half-glass walls. The statement that the veranda should be built from the same materials as the main building, with the emergence of new styles and fashionable trends in architecture, has lost its relevance.
The photos below show ready-made solutions for verandas attached to the house, with various principles of compatibility. In some cases, the new extension is made of the same materials and is completely combined with the house; in others, the new addition is combined with the preservation of common elements - roof, beams, etc.
There are also projects in which the original design of the extension introduces a new architectural touch, updating the exterior.
When choosing materials and construction technologies, you should also take into account the parameters of proper ventilation, moisture resistance and thermal insulation. With full glazing, it is necessary to provide opening segments for ventilation.
If you are building an open veranda, or, as it is also called, a summer terrace, you need to take care of the frost-resistant lining and the slope of the floor towards the site.
Designs with removable frames are optimal for year-round use. Installing large sliding doors will also allow the building to be used in a dual-mode version.
In a typical project, the veranda area is rectangular and ranges from 10 to 15 sq.m. For smaller areas it will be too crowded; for larger ones, additional reinforcement for the roof will be required. Polygonal and semicircular foundations are also possible.
According to its location, the veranda can be corner, end or facade. An original solution can be considered the construction of a terrace along the entire perimeter of the house, which can have glazed, open and closed areas for various purposes: they can accommodate an entrance hall, a recreation area, and a large storage room.
Foundation
The foundation of terraces and verandas attached to the house must fit tightly to the main building, but at the same time have independent supports.
A strip foundation is suitable for large and heavy structures; in all other cases, a columnar foundation can be erected. When pouring concrete, you need to leave a gap of 3-4 cm with the main wall, which will subsequently be filled with waterproofing foam.
At the first stage of preparation for construction, the soil is cleaned and compacted. Then, for the pillars, corner holes are dug along the depth of the house foundation (about 1 m on average), a cushion is made of crushed stone, gravel and sand, onto which concrete is poured.
After setting, supports made of asbestos or metal pipes are inserted. Concrete pillars or brick can also be used. The same method is used to lay high piles for buildings adjacent to the second floor level.
Depending on the area and weight of the terrace, intermediate posts may be needed, installed every half meter.
For a strip foundation, a 30-50 cm trench is dug, the formwork is placed 15-20 cm higher. Metal reinforcement bars or reinforcing mesh are placed into the soil. Concrete is poured onto a layer of crushed stone and sand.
Wood frame
The frame is assembled from beams or logs with a width of at least 12 cm, which are covered with a waterproofing layer. For the strength of horizontal knitting, experts recommend using fastenings in the foot, the surface of the connection will be at an angle. Vertical posts are secured with diagonal interceptions.
At the final stage, the wooden frame is covered with rafters for the roof. For cladding you can use plywood panels, chipboards, etc.
Construction of a wooden veranda is the best budget solution in terms of materials prices, but when choosing this type of construction you need a professional approach and knowledge of the nuances of construction from wooden beams.
Other materials for verandas
The structure made of foam blocks is erected on a strip foundation. This type of masonry is easy to do yourself. The laying is carried out using a special glue, with the seams bandaged for strength.
When finishing, an internal and external waterproofing layer, finishing with plasterboard, wooden panels, moisture-resistant wallpaper and paints are provided. The outer surface can be lined with ventilated facades.
The construction of the structure is made of polycarbonate, a modern and attractive option. This material goes well in buildings with wooden and brick frames.
For a building that consists entirely of bicarbonate panels, you do not need a foundation. The earth can simply be compacted and covered with paving slabs.
The structure is created using aluminum profiles; it is necessary to provide for the possibility of ventilation and water drainage. Polycarbonate panels and frames of various types can be tailored to specific needs for lighting and thermal insulation.
Before you attach a veranda to the house, you need to decide on the functions that it will perform. In addition to the necessary drainage and ventilation systems in any case, proper connection to the permanent structure and roof structure, the schedule for using this part of the house is important.
The design and construction of summer verandas differs from the requirements for premises with year-round use. It is also important to note that any extension will require the same care and updating as permanent buildings.
Photo of the veranda attached to the house
An important element of a country house is a separate room that offers views of the garden, forest, river, etc. This is a veranda. The veranda can serve as a living room, winter garden, dining room, or office. Its main purpose is to serve as a transitional link between the surrounding nature and the interior of the house. How to place a veranda relative to the house will be discussed in this article.
Veranda location
It is important to choose a location for the veranda so that it offers a beautiful view. You should not face the veranda towards the street or the border with the neighboring plot, towards fences or outbuildings. If the plot is small and it is surrounded by neighbors’ houses, then you can plant trees in front of the windows of the veranda so that greenery can be seen instead of other people’s walls.
When choosing a place for a veranda, it is worth considering the location of the house relative to parts of the world. South and southwest are suitable for those who love the sun. A winter garden can be placed here. The southeast direction will make it pleasant to be on the veranda in the morning; in the afternoon there will be shade and coolness. With a western-facing veranda, you can watch sunsets; it will be nice to sit here in the evening, have dinner, or receive guests. North and northwest for the veranda are good if it is used only on hot summer days, or the house is located in a warm climate zone, on this side the plants are unlikely to grow well.
Types of verandas
Verandas should match the overall appearance of the house. They may have one or more common walls with the house, be connected to other rooms by a passage, but at the same time be a separate room. The width of the veranda should not be less than 1.8 m. The most convenient for receiving guests would be a veranda measuring 4x5 m or 4x6 m. The windows on the veranda are no higher than 40-60 cm from the floor.
In most cases, the entrance to the house can be through the veranda, but it may not have entrance doors from the street, but only a connection to the interior of the house. If there is a door, then it needs to be arranged in such a way that there is more space on the veranda for placing furniture. If the size of the veranda is 3x4 m or less, it is better to place the door at the end.
One of the main elements of the veranda is windows. They can be either blind or opening; builders advise alternating them. These can be stained glass windows or windows of standard sizes, but located closely. The veranda window frames are installed between the window sill board and the top trim (the trim - see below).
Veranda in the corner of the house
You can make a small veranda 2x2 m in the very corner of the house with access to the garden, without changing the integrity of the building. Since the area of the room is very small, such a veranda will be good for one person, maximum two. In order to seat at least 6 people on a veranda of this type, its area must be at least 8-9 m2.
Veranda attached to the wall of the house
The veranda is attached to the wall of the house; it is narrow and long (for example, 1.7x5 m). The long side is common with the interior room of the house. On such a veranda you can place a desk in one corner, a tea table with narrow armchairs in the other. Exit to the interior is through two doors. The exit to the garden is located in the middle of the veranda, thus dividing the room into two functional areas - a work area with a desk and a guest area with a tea table. Opposite the front door you can place a small sofa or a clothes hanger and a shoe cabinet.
Veranda under the balcony
If the house has a balcony on the second floor, then on the first floor under the balcony you can install a veranda. A round veranda with a radius of, for example, 2 m can become both an entrance hall and a guest room. It is better to place the entrance to the house at one of the edges of the wall adjacent to the interior rooms. The exit to the garden can be made in the middle.
Square veranda
A square veranda, for example, with dimensions of 2.7x2.7 m, located near one of the walls of the house facing the garden. The entrance door to the veranda can be made from one of the sides, and the entrance door to the house closer to the first one, so that there is more living space. A round table with chairs will fit on such a veranda. If the size of such a veranda is 5x4 m, then here you can place not only a guest table with chairs, but also armchairs and a wardrobe.
Veranda with vestibule
Veranda with vestibule. For example, the long part can be 3.7 m, the narrow part - 2.5 m. In the narrow part of the veranda, in the brightest place, you can place a children's corner. Opposite the door you can place a sofa and a narrow wardrobe.
Large veranda with vestibule
A large veranda with a vestibule, its long side adjacent to the house (for example, 3x6 m). On such a veranda it is good to receive a large number of guests, and you can also place several chairs here.
Veranda with grill
On the veranda, you can place the grill in the corner on the side of the outer wall. The dimensions of such a veranda can be 3.5 x 6.5 m. You can also place a dining room or living room here.
Veranda adjacent to the corner of the house
Veranda adjacent to the corner of the house. The entrance door of the veranda divides the room into two zones. It is very convenient to place the table near the door leading into the house. Chairs can be placed in another part of the veranda.
Small veranda
On a small veranda (for example, 2.5x3m), you can save space by placing the front door close to the entrance door to the inside of the house.
The shape of the veranda can be rectangular, triangular (Fig.), semicircular, etc. A more traditional one is a rectangular veranda. The traditional version of the veranda shape is a room whose wide side adjoins the house.
Option for the location of a triangular veranda in Fig:
Triangular veranda
Two adjacent walls can be completely glazed and separated by a corner impost - a stand.
Another option is that the veranda can be connected to the house with a narrow end and extend into the garden as an independent building. The fewer planes that are combined with the main house, the more independent the extension looks, as in the figure:
Veranda connected to the house by a narrow end
There are many architectural options for creating verandas - it all depends on your imagination and the ability of the designer and builders to bring it to life.
Veranda maybe built-in or attached to the house
Built-in veranda
Built-in veranda
In this case, the veranda has a common foundation with the main house and is actually another room. The design of a built-in veranda is considered during the design process of a house. This solution will eliminate future distortions and other phenomena associated with subsidence and frost heaving of soils. If the house is under development, and you would like to make a solid veranda that could be heated and used as a living room, then you should immediately create a project with a common foundation.
Attached veranda
attached veranda
Most often, a veranda is attached to the main, existing building. In order for the veranda to last for a long time, you need to take into account many issues, the main one of which is how to avoid distortions and deformation of the extension.
Installation of attached verandas
Builders do not recommend rigidly connecting the attached veranda and the house. This means that the foundations of the veranda and the house are done separately and do not have common areas. There should be a gap of 20-40 mm between the wall of the house and the adjacent wall of the veranda. During the sheathing process, this gap is closed with a stripping (board). The floor on the attached veranda should be 60-80 mm below the floor level in the house; the difference in levels is covered with a plinth. The roof of the veranda should also only fit the roof of the main house with a gap that is covered with a steel apron. You can read about the design of the seam between the house and the veranda in the topic.
You can read about the basic structures of the veranda and the materials for their construction in the article “Veranda in the house. Structures and materials for the veranda in the house.”
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