The demand for country houses is growing every year, especially in Moscow and the Moscow region. In addition to purchasing ready-made buildings, today many people have the opportunity to order the construction of a house from scratch, for which construction companies offer project catalogs - this is an excellent opportunity to visualize future housing and select its optimal size based on the area of the existing plot of land. To have an idea of the possible options and their approximate cost, it is recommended to consider various country houses and cottages. We present projects and photos of some of them in our article.
Ready-made country house project
Features of the development of house and cottage projects
A professional architectural bureau offers clients a huge selection of ready-made designs. The kit includes ready-made designs of houses and cottages, photos of the future structure, drawings, sketches and files of computer visualization of the structure, for houses of different architectural styles, area, configuration and cost.
During the development process, specialists perform the following types of design:
- Architectural. At this stage, materials for construction (brick, foam blocks, wood, frame panels) and the appearance of the future building are discussed.
- Design. This step is devoted to carrying out calculations and creating drawings.
- Engineering. Includes communications, electrical wiring, gas and water supply, as well as drainage.
- Designer. Design development (wall color, type of finishing work, etc.).
Design housing project
The main thing is to remember that the future home should not only have an attractive appearance, but also provide comfort, coziness and warmth, be environmentally friendly and durable. To do this, such a labor-intensive and complex process as developing a house-building project should be entrusted to professionals.
Ready-made residential building projects
If you are considering just cottages, projects of such structures have a number of their own characteristics:
- simplicity;
- conciseness;
- thoughtfulness down to the smallest detail;
- minimalism;
- economical to use;
- relatively low cost.
Typical house design with drawings of two levels
By giving preference to ready-made options, the client receives a number of advantages:
- lower price compared to the cost of an individual project;
- maximum readiness of documentation (sometimes only adaptation of the foundation to the individual characteristics of the site is required);
- the ability to use affordable building materials;
- visibility (most of the standard projects have already been implemented previously);
- the opportunity to get an idea of the cost of construction in advance.
Ready-made house project with garage and attic
The disadvantages of ready-made options include:
- inability to make some adjustments to the standard project (changes in the dimensions of the house, the composition of the premises, design dimensions, etc.);
- non-uniqueness;
- simple layout of country houses;
- lack of work with an architect at the project development stage with the opportunity to delve into all the intricacies.
Such projects are created taking into account all the wishes of the majority of customers, therefore they are as comfortable and practical as possible in operation. Future houses are distinguished by optimal design solutions and effective implementation of consumer requests.
The cost of ready-made inexpensive solutions varies from 20 to 50 thousand rubles.
Individual cottage projects
Sometimes there is a need to develop an individual project. This is possible for the following reasons:
- complexity of the relief or shape of the land plot (changes in elevation, the presence of a water stream or forest, village communications and other objects);
- the desire to combine all buildings (residential complex, garage, swimming pool, sauna/bathhouse, gym, etc.);
- non-compliance of the standard project with the customer’s wishes by 100%;
- the need to optimize construction costs (selection of a less expensive foundation, architectural solution and removal of unnecessary communications).
Illustration of creating a house project drawing on paper
Stages of developing an individual project:
- discussing details with the architect;
- development of options for planning solutions;
- development of a general plan and facades based on selected planning solutions;
- development of an architectural project in the form of an album;
- drawing up working documentation required for the proper organization of work on the site.
Advantages of choosing an individual project:
- the development of the project by the architect is carried out with reference to a specific land plot, taking into account its characteristics;
- originality of the structure and scope for creativity;
- taking into account all the wishes of the customer.
The cost of such a residential building project is calculated individually.
Project development cost
At the same time, prices for cottage projects depend on various factors. Depending on the area of housing, the cost can vary from 300 rubles per sq.m. and higher. Also on the final price per 1 sq. m of living space is affected by the type of project:
- sketch - from 150 rubles;
- architectural - over 250 rubles;
- architectural and construction – from 300 rubles;
- engineering - over 200 rubles.
Engineering project of the cottage
On our website you can get acquainted with the most from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.
You can also order:
- drawing up an estimate for future construction (100 rubles per sq. m);
- drawing a diagram of the general development plan (about 2000 rubles);
- registration of a project passport (approximately 4-5 thousand rubles);
- visualization of facades and 3D views of the building (from RUB 3,000);
- additional residential level: attic or ground floor (from 150 rubles per sq. m).
Considering that all sites are unique, even completed projects may require changes, which in turn will lead to a revision of design and space-planning solutions. Correction can be of three levels:
- minor (change in the choice of wall materials, foundation, moving or changing the configuration of window and door openings) - often does not require additional capital investments;
- medium (redevelopment, removal, adding or moving partitions, changing the type of floors, height of walls or roof);
- significant (shift or transfer of load-bearing walls).
The cost of such adjustments is calculated on an individual basis.
At the same time, there is a fairly common practice for professional companies to provide a project to a client free of charge, subject to ordering the services of a housing construction company.
You can receive a house project as a gift
Features of projects depending on the building material used
All possible options for house designs involve the use of two main groups of materials in construction: wood and stone. Each type of raw material has its own characteristics, pros and cons. We propose to consider some options from which a country house can be built; projects and photos of examples are attached.
Houses made of foam blocks: easy and economical
Foam block is one of the leaders among materials in the inexpensive price segment. The main advantage of foam concrete (light cellular concrete) is its excellent thermal insulation qualities. Ready-made cottages can be presented in any style, from classic to modern - high-tech, minimalism and others.
An example of a typical design of a foam block cottage
Advantages of foam block houses:
- lightness of structures;
- low construction cost;
- convenience and durability in operation;
- compatibility with a large number of finishing materials;
- frost resistance;
- soundproof;
- reducing the amount of mortar used in construction.
The big advantage of using foam blocks when creating a residential building is the architectural possibilities. You can build a cottage of any configuration from this material.
On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer house design services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.
Brick cottages: presentable and stylish
For fans of solidity and monumental buildings, brick houses are the best option. This project is distinguished by a wide choice of style solutions, durability and respectable appearance. When creating design drawings and calculating estimates, it is worth considering that the optimal choice for construction will be bricks of strength grade M100 and M 75. The thickness of the walls is selected individually.
Photo of a brick country house project
Advantages of brick structures:
- comparative ease;
- excellent thermal insulation;
- strength and fire resistance of walls;
- expanded options for choosing interior/exterior finishes;
- processing capability;
- heat resistance;
- resistance to moisture, fungus;
- environmental cleanliness;
- increased heat and sound insulation;
- ensuring an optimal microclimate.
Video description
The nuances of choosing a brick cottage project and its construction in this video:
When developing a project for construction in the autumn, it is worth considering that it is impossible to erect a soft roof.
Frame houses: modern and fast
Frame cottage project
Advantages of frame buildings:
- speed of construction;
- high heat-saving qualities;
- possibility of construction on a lightweight foundation;
- no shrinkage;
- possibility of construction at any time of the year;
- environmental friendliness;
- fire resistance of materials;
- minimal operating costs for heating and air conditioning;
- hiding utility lines inside frame walls;
- long service life (from 50 years).
Thanks to the effect of “breathing walls” and excellent thermal insulation, a comfortable microclimate is maintained in a frame house.
Wooden cottages: traditional and environmentally friendly
Houses made of wood are traditional housing for Russians. These structures have stood the test not only of fashion, but also of time.
Log house project
The advantages of wooden cottages include:
- naturalness of the materials used (environmentally friendly);
- no need for external or internal finishing;
- possibility of construction in almost any region and conditions;
- maintaining an optimal microclimate (the correct ratio of humidity and oxygen in the premises);
- no need for a powerful foundation (reducing the cost of its construction).
Video description
We'll look at the pros and cons of timber houses in the following video:
Customers have the opportunity to buy a house project made of wood of any type, from seasonal buildings to multi-storey cottages with a garage and other extensions.
Catalog of country house projects for Moscow and the region with photos
For residents of the capital, the issue of building housing outside the city is especially relevant. This way they can get proper privacy and peace outside the noisy metropolis. For consideration, you can take both simple and unusual designs of houses and cottages; the photo will always show what your future home will be like. But when considering the options, it is worth remembering that all possible proposals for ready-made projects can be divided into several categories according to a number of characteristics:
- By area:
- – up to 100 sq. m (20-25 thousand rubles);
- – 100-200 sq. m (25-30 thousand rubles);
- – 200-300 sq. m (30-35 thousand rubles);
- – 300-400 sq. m (35-40 thousand rubles);
- – 400 sq. m and above (from 40-50 thousand rubles).
- By number of storeys (1, 2 and options with an attic).
- By number of bedrooms.
- According to the material for the walls (brick - from 20 thousand rubles, foam block - from 18 thousand rubles, wood - from 19 thousand rubles, frame panels - from 17 thousand rubles, combined).
- According to the configuration (with garage, swimming pool, basement and/or attic).
An example of a two-story house with a garage project
The price of projects is mainly influenced by the following factors:
- architectural features;
- design calculations;
- placement of heating, water supply, electrical wiring and sewerage systems.
The number of floors also affects the cost of the project. Thus, one-story buildings, thanks to simple design solutions (no stairs, smaller thermal insulation area and other features), will cost less.
It is worth noting that the ground floor is not possible in all cases. It is installed exclusively in areas with a slope and dry soil.
Video description
Expert advice on how to choose a ready-made house project:
An example of a one-story house project is a brick cottage with an area of 147 square meters. m. costing 24,000 rubles.
Project of a one-story brick house with an area of up to 150 square meters. m
Despite the affordable cost of the project, it has a number of advantages. A relatively small area for development is required; the house has a sufficient number of bedrooms, bathrooms and bathrooms for a large family to live comfortably. A strong and durable facing brick, which has a presentable appearance and good performance characteristics, was chosen as the external finishing.
A one-story design is ideal for elderly people or residents with disabilities. Also, the absence of a second floor does not require the organization of a solid staircase, which in turn leads to cost savings without compromising the layout.
An example of a layout of rooms in a one-story cottage
Two-story buildings in Moscow and the region are in demand among owners of small plots of land who require the construction of a second level to create maximum comfort. The price for such projects varies depending on the chosen material, configuration and other factors.
An example of a house project with 2 floors - a cottage made of aerated concrete with an area of 127 sq. m. costing 25,000 rubles.
Project of a two-story cottage made of aerated concrete
The layout of the cottage provides for the availability of everything necessary to create maximum comfort for the residents. Moreover, due to the second floor, the space required for construction is significantly saved without compromising the configuration (there are bedrooms, bathrooms, a spacious living room and other living spaces).
Layout of the first floor of a house made of aerated concrete
Reliable and safe materials have been selected to choose from as roofing material, raw materials for walls and exterior finishing.
A cheap alternative to a two-story house is a building with an attic. It will require simpler finishing work and the use of simple design solutions.
Note! Any ready-made standard designs of private houses can be modified in accordance with the wishes of the customer.
The greatest influence on the final cost of the project, in addition to the area of the house, is exerted by the material chosen for its construction.
Economy class projects: what affects the cost
Projects of Economy class houses with an area of 50-100 sq. m. may well provide residents with everything they need for comfortable year-round living. At the same time, they are much cheaper due to the lack of architectural refinements, the simplicity of the room configuration and the use of inexpensive building materials.
To save money, you can create a house project with a large carport, instead of a standard garage
The following factors also influence the low cost:
- low number of storeys means low costs for organizing the foundation;
- lack of extensions, basement and attic;
- rationally selected materials and roofing structures;
- simple shapes and design.
There are some affordable options with a built-in garage that are inexpensive and still remain as comfortable and functional as possible.
Project of an economical version of a house with a built-in garage
When choosing budget projects, you should pay attention first of all to the material from which the walls will be made. Thus, always up-to-date wooden house projects will cost more than the same frame ones. When choosing wood, it is recommended to give preference to cottages made of treated timber, which does not require additional measures for covering the surfaces.
The best inexpensive option is brick (material of acceptable strength and safety) or foam block (light and “warm”).
Conclusion
Cottage projects (standard or individual) carried out by specialists guarantee competent architecture, impeccable design implementation and balanced engineering and technical equipment. In addition, their development requires versatile knowledge and practical experience in construction. Therefore, such labor-intensive work should be left to professionals.
When a person decides to buy a house outside the city, he may be faced with the problem of choosing a specific type of property. After all, a country house is no longer just a wooden building. Currently, there is a huge selection of types of suburban real estate, which differ not only in the level of comfort, location, but also in the price range.
Moreover, any house outside the city has its own adjacent plot, on which there may be additional buildings, for example, a bathhouse, sauna, garage, attic, etc., and what makes life more comfortable - electricity, water supply, septic tank or sewerage Therefore, in order not to get confused in the final choice of a country house, you should first understand what types currently exist and how they differ from each other.
Country houses
The simplest and most common type of country house in our time is the dacha, or, as it is popularly called, “hacienda”. As a rule, country houses are more often found in garden or friendly cooperatives. The cost of such houses is relatively low, and it is more advisable to live in such a house only in the summer season. In such houses, there may be no comfortable living conditions (there is no bathroom, the toilet is built on the street), and therefore it is most suitable for people who like to spend the summer outdoors, gardening. Dachas are built on relatively small plots from simple and cheap building materials.
Cottages
Modern cottages with comfortable conditions and an adjacent plot of land are considered suitable for permanent residence. These are not very huge country houses, which have one or two floors. It has a living room, a kitchen, several bedrooms, a possible dining room, amenities (bathroom and toilet), and several utility rooms. The cottage also has a garage (possibly several), a terrace and other comfortable attributes for living. The construction of modern cottages is made from different and far from the cheapest building materials. This type of country house is easily suitable for families for permanent residence. Basically, the total area of such houses is at least 15-200 sq./m. Cottages are being built in special zones - cottage villages in ecologically clean areas.
Mansion
After the cottage in terms of prestige comes the mansion. This is a more expensive option for a country house, since it is a very comfortable house with a landscaped plot according to the latest modern trends. Basically, mansions have several levels, and their construction is carried out according to personal projects. Residential and utility rooms here are an order of magnitude larger in area than in other country houses. The mansion has several bedrooms, a dining room, a kitchen, a living room, a personal office, a billiard room, a training room, several game rooms, a couple of dressing rooms, etc. Each individual room has its own personal bathroom. There is a basement under the house, several garages, and on the territory of the mansion there can be an attic, a veranda, a bathhouse, a special house for guests and staff, etc. In general, a mansion is a very expensive pleasure, which not every average Russian can afford.
Villa
Another expensive type of country house is called a villa. This is an elite property that is a stunning country residence with all the conditions for cozy, comfortable and, if necessary, permanent residence. As a rule, villas are located near the seashore, and therefore the architecture of such houses is made in a seaside manner characteristic of a particular region. The villa can be decorated with large columns, rotundas and frescoes, and the house itself can be built from very expensive building materials. Basically, only wealthy people can afford a villa. Moreover, this type of country house is usually used for seasonal rather than permanent residence.
Ecohouse
A relatively innovative type of country house that has become popular in recent decades is eco-houses. Such buildings are erected in environmentally friendly areas using only environmentally friendly building materials. Eco-houses are built according to special building standards, and therefore such houses always have sound insulation, thermal insulation, and also comply with all fire and sanitary standards. The most important thing that distinguishes an eco-house from other suburban types of real estate is safety, reliability and environmental components. As a rule, all kinds of technical devices are used here, the action of which is based on the use of solar energy, recycling of household waste and other similar natural resources. Such buildings are perfect for permanent residence of those people for whom a healthy lifestyle is a priority.
Residence
The residence is rightfully the most elite type of country real estate, since it is intended for the residence of very wealthy people and is a whole complex consisting of many residential and utility premises of a huge area. The territory of the site on which the residence is located can reach tens of hectares or more. There are tennis courts, parks, parking, swimming pools, entertainment complexes, stables, etc. In general, this is truly a whole complex of real estate, which has a huge price.
There comes a time in every person's life when he begins to think about purchasing his own home. Some people prefer apartments in multi-storey buildings, while others seek to gain more freedom and independence by building a private house.
The first option does not cause any particular difficulties in choosing. Here it is enough to determine the required number of rooms and the type of house (panel, brick, monolithic). But private houses are very diverse. Modern technologies allow developers to build residential buildings of various configurations, taking into account all the wishes of the customer. Let's look at what types there are these days, what are their differences and what materials are used for their construction.
Differences between houses by purpose
Absolutely all private buildings are divided into two main groups:
For summer holidays;
For year-round use.
The first category includes country houses and country houses intended for recreation in the warm season. Most often these are small and economical buildings that do not have heating or other communications.
Houses for permanent residence can be made in several versions, each of which has its own positive and negative features.
What types of private buildings can there be?
Today there are several popular categories of houses that differ in functionality and have different features. These can be:
One-story permanent buildings;
Multi-level cottages;
Duplexes;
Townhouses.
Let's look at what characteristics each option has and what their differences are.
Characteristics and Features
Detached houses are considered the most comfortable and preferred option. Such buildings are located in isolated areas. Moreover, the greater the number of acres of land, the more expensive it costs the buyer to purchase this property.
Usually, small cottages with several floors are located on small plots. They are equipped with all necessary communications for a comfortable stay at any time of the year. On the ground floor of such houses there is a living room, kitchen and boiler room. Rest rooms and a bathroom are located on the upper levels.
If the land area is large enough, one-story bungalows are built on it. This type is very convenient because, due to the absence of stairs, movement around the house is more comfortable and safe. This option is preferred by families with small children and pensioners. But, unfortunately, not everyone can afford to purchase such real estate, so economical types of private houses - townhouses and duplexes - are very popular today.
The first name refers to a type of multi-storey buildings that are designed for several owners. Each owner has multiple floors, a separate entrance and, in some cases, a garage.
The cost of the plot on which the house is located is divided by the number of its owners, which makes townhouses more affordable, even if they are built within the city, where land is usually very expensive.
Another type of budget housing is popular in European countries - duplexes and triplexes. This option is very similar to townhouses, as it also involves several families living in one house. However, in this case, the property of the owners is limited not by the walls, but by the floors. In our country, duplexes have not found widespread use, so we will not dwell on them for a long time.
Materials and methods of building houses
Previously, all houses were built in the same way. But since technological progress does not stand still, several technologies are used for the construction of modern residential buildings, using various building materials. The most popular houses today are:
Brickwork;
Construction of walls from block;
Construction of houses from timber;
Brick houses
Brick houses have been popular for many decades. Both simple square houses and buildings of more complex configurations are built from this material.
Its positive qualities include environmental friendliness, durability and fire resistance. Buildings made of brick are distinguished by their presentability and are considered very durable, capable of standing for hundreds of years. However, it is not recommended to use such material for the construction of summer buildings.
In conditions of high humidity, they quickly become moldy, and an unpleasant odor appears in the room. It should also be taken into account that brick building is a costly and time-consuming process, and if you are limited in time and funds, pay attention to other types of houses.
Block buildings
Today, gas silicate, foam concrete, expanded clay concrete and wood concrete blocks are actively used in construction. Each of these options has its own characteristics, but several common qualities can be identified. These include:
1. Light weight material. During the construction of a house, a complex and expensive foundation is not required, since the walls are quite light. This same property allows you to save money on the delivery and unloading of building materials.
2. Large block sizes. Since the dimensions of the block are much larger than the parameters of the brick, the construction of walls using this material is much faster. However, when considering the types of houses, photos of which are published in this article, it should be taken into account that the large dimensions of the block do not allow the construction of buildings with complex configurations from it.
3. Low thermal conductivity. Block-type buildings do not require additional insulation.
4. Breathability. The porous structure of the block promotes natural air exchange and the unhindered release of moisture and steam. That is why moisture does not accumulate in the walls of such houses, and an optimal microclimate for humans is created in the room.
Wooden houses
Houses made of timber are still at the peak of popularity today. This is facilitated by: environmental friendliness of the material, record time for wall construction, reasonable construction costs and the spectacular appearance of the house. Wooden buildings retain heat very well inside themselves, which reduces heating costs. The interior walls of the house do not require interior finishing, which also has a positive effect on the owner’s budget.
Wooden beams are suitable for the construction of both country houses and permanent houses, so more and more often within the city there are buildings erected from this material.
Speaking about the negative qualities of wood, we should mention its susceptibility to rot and fire hazard. But subject to timely treatment with antiseptic agents, a house built from natural material will serve its owners for decades.
Frame houses
Frame-panel technology has recently begun to be used in construction, however, such buildings are already surpassing many types of houses in popularity.
During the construction of such a building, a wooden or metal frame is constructed, which is subsequently covered with sandwich panels. The panel itself consists of two OSB boards, between which there is a layer of polystyrene foam.
Thanks to the large amount of insulation contained in the panel, such buildings are warm and soundproof. The light weight of the house allows you to do without pouring a heavy-duty foundation, which helps save money for the owner. The houses are assembled in record time, and the interior walls are perfectly smooth and do not require leveling.
The main negative property of frame buildings is their fragility. If the house is properly cared for, its maximum service life is 50 years, so this technology is most often used for the construction of temporary buildings.
In conclusion, I would like to say that modern construction is very diverse, therefore, having considered what types of houses are currently being built, everyone will be able to choose the best option for themselves, both in terms of price and functionality.
Every year it becomes more and more popular to live in a country house, on your own, away from the bustle of the city. And every year the trends in the construction market change, the choice of types of country houses is growing and expanding. This is due to the fact that new types of materials are emerging. In this material we will try to review the types of cottages to make your choice easier.
The type of cottage is determined by the material from which it is built. However, before considering the materials, it is necessary to decide on a standard project, which is divided into one-story and attic. Most often, projects are one- or two-story, while the advantages of “purely” two-story cottage projects and projects with a second floor – an attic – are approximately the same. What is the difference, besides the area?
Among the advantages of one-story cottages, it is worth noting the ease of construction and maintenance, cost-effectiveness of operation and convenience for the elderly, since there are no stairs in the houses.
The obvious disadvantages are that a house with a large number of rooms will require a large area, and as a result, an extended foundation.
Attic and two-story cottages are ideal for large families; they have the ability to divide rooms into different “zones,” for example, “day” and “night,” and significantly save space.
Having chosen the desired project, it’s time to decide on the material. When purchasing any material, you must not forget the golden rule - make sure it meets quality standards and ask the supplier for appropriate quality certificates.
Brick houses
The classic option is to build a cottage out of brick. Brick is one of the most ancient building materials, and a cottage made of brick will serve not only you, but also your grandchildren and great-grandchildren, while excellently conserving heat.
The main advantages are durability, greater strength of the structure itself, absence of the harmful effects of biological and other environmental factors, fire resistance, lack of fear of biological pests, durable reinforced concrete floors, excellent thermal insulation: such a house is warm in winter and cool in summer.
Speaking about the brand of brick, M-100, which can withstand a load of 100 kg/sq.cm, is quite suitable for building a cottage.
A monolithic strip foundation, which is most often used in our natural area, is ideal for a brick house. A slab one is also suitable, but it will be much more expensive due to the high cost of materials. It is optimal for use on unevenly and highly compressed, heaving and subsidence soils.
Cottages made of cellular concrete blocks
There are two types of cellular concrete - foam concrete and aerated concrete, they are very similar in their properties, however, due to the fact that the production of foam concrete is quite a simple matter, and there is a high risk of getting low-quality material, we decided to focus on aerated concrete, which is produced at a plant in Tatarstan, which reduces transportation costs and provides a guarantee of quality.
The first step is to lay the foundation for a house made of aerated concrete. The best foundation for a house made of aerated concrete is a reinforced concrete slab, which ensures minimal and uniform shrinkage deformations. The foundation for the house can be a monolithic strip foundation on a sand cushion or a columnar foundation tied with a monolithic reinforced concrete belt.
Aerated concrete is a lightweight material that does not cause the adhesive solution to be squeezed out. Unlike traditional brick walls, walls made from aerated concrete blocks can be laid without pause.
The undoubted advantage of aerated concrete walls is the ability to provide high-quality thermal insulation, which is achieved both due to the low thermal conductivity of aerated concrete blocks and due to the minimal thickness of the seams between them.
A tight fit of individual elements is only possible when using an adhesive solution. Despite the fact that the adhesive mortar is twice as expensive as the cement mortar, its consumption is six times less, which turns out to be three times cheaper.
Aerated concrete walls of sufficient thickness (in the climatic conditions of our region - 375-400 mm), laid using glue for thin joints, do not require additional insulation. To prevent the formation of efflorescence on the walls, during winter construction conditions an adhesive solution with anti-frost additives is used.
The properties of aerated concrete provide high load-bearing capacity and low thermal conductivity of aerated concrete floor slabs. The floor, which is based on an aerated concrete floor slab, always remains warm. Aerated concrete floors do not require additional insulation.
Construction: houses made of cellular concrete are relatively easy and quick to build: a team of three people can build a house in just 10 days due to the fact that there is no need for mechanical construction equipment, and also because one block, with a sufficiently large size, weighs approximately 25 kg.
Houses with walls made of expanded clay concrete
Another material, the production of which has been established on the territory of our republic, is expanded clay concrete. Expanded clay concrete consists of lightweight concrete, in which the coarse aggregate is expanded clay, the binder is cement (less commonly, building gypsum, lime, synthetic resins), and porous or dense sand is used as a fine aggregate.
What is the advantage of these blocks?
In terms of their environmental properties, expanded clay concrete blocks are on par with ceramic bricks.
One of the benefits of the material is its thermal insulation properties, which makes it preferable for use in both warm and cold climates.
However, it is worth distinguishing between ordinary ceramics and warm ones. Large-format porous ceramics are used to build the house. Also among the advantages it is worth noting durability and moisture resistance. Expanded clay concrete blocks “breathe”, regulating the humidity in the room. Structures made from expanded clay concrete blocks are durable and do not require maintenance. The material does not rot, does not burn, unlike wood, and does not rust, compared to metal, but at the same time it has the positive properties of wood and stone at the same time.
At first glance, the country houses that have grown up over the past decade in the Russian expanses do not fit into any table of ranks. If we can talk about any classification, we need to take into account the wall material, area, number of floors and other characteristics.
Project F-0246-0
In the first half of the 1990s. the structure of cottage development was dominated by houses made mainly in palace, medieval castle and modern Northern European (again with the prefix “pseudo”) styles. Nowadays, the fashion for ridiculous “palaces” and “castles” is a thing of the past, and today we can already talk about purity and variety of styles, and buyers are more and more interested in these issues when choosing cottages. And this cannot but rejoice. Architects, of course, carry out a certain educational mission, explaining to clients that a house designed in a more or less uniform style is much more harmonious than some kind of “confusion instead of music” with turrets, pilasters and weather vanes sticking out in all directions. But specialized media should not stand aside either.
Many analysts express the opinion that we live in an era without style, and today's architecture is mainly a mixture of styles - eclecticism. But even the most eclectic houses cannot abandon elements of one or another architectural tradition, which means that they can and should still be classified in order to provide guidance to buyers.
Starting point
Classification of cottages according to website version
By architectural style:
Houses with classic elements
Houses with avant-garde elements
Houses with modern elements
Finnish style houses
By function, purpose:
Houses for seasonal living
Holiday homes
Houses for permanent residence
Home-office
With this publication, the site does not seek to exhaust all the problems of stylistic trends in modern cottage construction. To begin with, we decided to propose a classification into only two categories: stylistic features of architecture and functional purpose. At first glance, this “dualistic” approach may seem strange. Indeed, why not choose, for example, only architectural styles, and divide houses according to functional criteria within each style? But in reality, this option will be even more confusing. The fact is that if the buyer of the project is aimed at choosing a cottage of a certain functional category, for example, a house for seasonal living, the issue of architectural style will concern him secondarily. With no less probability, the opposite option is also possible, so placing one classification “inside” another is wrong.
By the way, US realtors specializing in the sale of houses often mix the functional and stylistic characteristics of projects within the framework of a general classification. For example, in the “table of ranks” of houses on the popular site e-plans.com, you can simultaneously find both a Ranch House (ranch-style house) or Colonial House (colonial-style house), and Vacation Home (a house for seasonal living, “ for vacation") and also Small House (here - an “economical” version of the house). We also decided not to reinvent the wheel, proposing a similar classification, but adjusted for Russian realities.
There is one more necessary note regarding sampling limitations. The analytics of Russian real estate companies already share the demand, for example, for “American-Canadian” cottages or “Scandinavian” style houses. But these and similar examples remained outside the scope of our sample. This classification considers exclusively the market for ready-made country house projects. For now, we are not talking about the style of individual projects that end up on the secondary market, nor about the architecture of cottage villages made in the same style. To analyze all market segments, a different, more expanded classification is required.
Stripped-down classics
Project J-0568-0
The current cottage “classic” is very different from the style that was invented by the Greeks and Romans, and then elevated to absolute by the Italians of the Renaissance. It also differs from “Russian classicism,” which is characterized by a wide scope of spatial compositions and the solemn pomp of artistic images that reflected the patriotic ideas of its time. In general, it is better to forget about the term “classicism” as applied to standard projects, limiting ourselves to the much more general concept of “classic”. If we consider projects with classical elements, it is worth highlighting the style of houses in which an axis of symmetry can be traced and clear lines of form are visible. Such a seemingly obligatory decorative element as columns, molded cornices and other decorations can easily be absent in a modern “classical” house. The main thing that remains from the past is the severity of forms.
The representative classic mansion shown on plan J-0568-0 can become a comfortable home for a family with a high level of income. The symmetrical composition of the plan and the style of the facades are associated with palace buildings. The authors of the project created a structure that fully corresponds to a representative, ceremonial residential residence, and organically fit into the strict plan of the house all the functional blocks of premises necessary for this. The magnificent oval fireplace room with a staircase located in a double-height space continues with a semi-circular terrace. Another example of a house with classic elements is F-0246-0. The simplicity of the architectural design of the facades and the comfortable layout will interest those who want to acquire a solid country house.
At the forefront of events
At one time, avant-garde artists sought to break with classical architecture, to create something contrary to established norms of artistic taste and aesthetic concepts. Over the years, the finds of avant-garde architects have been embodied in completely conformist ones, where the flight of imagination of architects, to the happiness of homeowners, not only does not contradict good taste, but also meets very specific functional tasks.
One of the most striking examples - the J-0669-1 project is an excellent example of a competent, high-quality avant-garde approach to the architecture of a modern house: with a logical, rational layout, an interesting solution to the overall volume, plastic facades, shapes of openings, a completely unconventional roofing solution, etc. .
Despite the non-standard design of the facades and volume of another avant-garde project J-0904-0, it is comfortable for living and has a traditional composition of premises.
Non-standard solution for the facades and volume of the house. Project J-0904-0
All its floors are connected by a two-flight staircase leading from the ground floor to the roof. The circular volume also sets the unusual shape of the premises. At the same time, they are all comfortable, have convenient communication with each other and good natural lighting. Most of the ground floor is occupied by a relaxation area with a gym, sauna and swimming pool. The first floor is the guest area of the house, the second is private with three spacious, comfortable bedrooms. The project proposes installing a winter garden on the roof of the garage under a transparent pyramidal roof.
Modern for all times
House with modern elements.
Project F-0839-0
Representatives of the Art Nouveau style, which arose in the 1890s, rejecting the importance of tradition and based on the freedom of shape that metal structures opened up, focused attention on the problems of form, which sometimes acquired a figurative character. One of the most famous Russian architects Fyodor Lidval since the early 1900s. chose a version of this style close to the Northern European one. And today among project buyers there are many fans of houses with modern elements.
Compact, economical, rational, and finally, simply beautiful - all these definitions can rightfully be attributed to the F-0839-0 house, the style of which is clearly inspired by the Art Nouveau era. Elegantly decorated facades with multifaceted bay windows and unusually shaped windows create a memorable image of this house, which is always popular.
Expressive appearance, rational layout.
Project F-0896-0
In the F-0896-0 project, an expressive, memorable appearance, designed with the use of modern elements, is successfully combined with a rational layout and an economical design solution. Confirmation of adherence to the style is the arched shape of the roof, the pattern of openings, a transparent glass curved canopy, the possibility of using wall tiles and other “signs” of Art Nouveau. The house has two floors, one of which is an attic, there is no basement, aerated concrete is used in the construction of the external walls, and the foundation is monolithic. All these are components of an economical, prefabricated building. In terms of volumetric planning, the house consists of two interconnected buildings: a living room and an attached garage.
Minimalism in Finnish
An extremely economical and compact house in the “Finnish” style. Project A-0514-0
Why, out of all the national architectural stylistic features, did we settle on only “Finnish” ones? The fact is that for the entire North-West region of the Russian Federation, the concept of “Finnish house” is associated primarily with settlements on the territory of our closest northern neighbors, where the dictates of functionality literally nullify the individuality of this or that architect.
Take, for example, project A-0514-0. It is immediately clear that here the architect, wanting to minimize the costs of the potential customer, has, as they say, stepped on the throat of his own song. An extremely economical and compact country house is proposed to be made in materials that are most affordable to developers with average incomes. The internal organization of the house is rational and extremely simple: a covered terrace and a spacious veranda with a bathroom and storage room - the entrance area of the house; a large living room, kitchen and one living room - family daytime premises.
Without a shadow of a doubt, project C-0859-0 can be classified into the last stylistic category - the clearest example of economical construction. Perhaps, in all the parameters that make up this indicator - rational planning, laconic facades, simple roof profile, absence of a recessed basement, speed of construction, cost-effectiveness in operation - the house can be considered a leader. We get inside through a small hallway into which the living room, kitchen, bathroom and small storage room open. From the living room you can access two living rooms on the first floor. A narrow one-flight staircase from the hallway of the first floor leads to the attic. There are three bedrooms, a spacious bathroom and a storage room.
"A week before the second"
Holiday home. Project E-0818-0
The division between holiday homes and houses for seasonal residence did not appear by chance. The fact is that a holiday home can be quite substantial: you can spend the whole summer in it, or you can celebrate the New Year with friends. Hence the corresponding requirements for insulation, heating, etc. And the project of a seasonal house can often be called a “cottage light” - a lightweight version of a traditional country house, in most cases designed for the summer.
An example of a holiday home is project E-0818-0. Externally, a traditionally designed house made of timber nevertheless has an original, modern layout. The house can be used as a vacation spot for employees of a small successful company. The composition of the premises and the layout contribute to this in the best possible way: a significant part of the area is occupied by a relaxation area with a sauna and a swimming pool.
Another small country house for a family holiday, B-0705-0, will fit perfectly into the natural environment, especially on the banks of a lake or river. The highlight of the house is the large open terrace, around which the rooms of the first floor are grouped. On warm summer evenings, it can easily serve as a dining room or living room, and if desired, it can be glazed and insulated, thus turning it into a veranda. The second floor is the sleeping area of the house.
House for seasonal living. Project E-0946-0
The category of houses for seasonal living includes, for example, the project of a compact log cottage E-0946-0 for a small family. Both the internal layout and the volume of the house are designed very concisely and rationally. If the construction of a house is planned in a cold climate zone, it is advisable to turn a small hallway into an insulated vestibule, separating it from the living room with a warm partition with a door. The living room and dining room form a single space from which you can access all areas of the house. The gallery offers a view of the second light of the living room, and from it you can go out onto the balcony. Another example is C-0942-0. A very small, traditionally designed house for an outdoor holiday. Just one floor and an attic, the absence of a recessed basement, and a simple roof profile make this house economical and affordable for a family with a low income.
Business in nature
Respectable mansion-office. Project J-0900-0
The respectable mansion presented in project J-0900-0 is a typical example for our “home-office” category. This is a home for business people who want not only to live comfortably and relax in style, but also to receive numerous guests and business partners. The large, comfortable relaxation block in the basement is a clear confirmation of this. As well as the huge living-kitchen-dining space on the ground floor. The guest room, located here, can serve as a place for business meetings and conferences, and a small office is quite suitable for private conversations. The second floor is designed in an unconventional way for the private area of the house. In addition to bedrooms and bathrooms, there is a kitchen-dining room.
Project J-0959-0 also falls into this category: a luxurious mansion with representative facades, an elegant layout, spacious and comfortable. Here you can play sports, receive numerous guests, hold business meetings, and relax. From the pool area you can easily access the billiard room and gym. In the office adjacent to the living room, it is convenient to retire with business partners for business negotiations.
Two in one
Unpretentious appearance and expressive layout.
Project F-0938-0
And finally, the last category is country houses for permanent residence. This may include both economic class projects (a retired family sold an apartment in the city and moved to nature) and fairly capital-intensive luxury projects (a businessman bought a cottage for the family, comparable in cost to his apartment in the historical center of the capital). Let's start with economy class. The apparent simplicity and simplicity of the external appearance of the F-0938-0 project is more than compensated by the expressive internal layout. The dominant feature of this layout is a spacious double-height living room with a fireplace, an open two-flight staircase and large glazed stained glass windows. These stained glass windows offer magnificent views of the surrounding natural landscape. The external space seems to flow inside the house and fill its interiors with air, sunlight, and pine aroma.
And an example of a home for permanent residence, not so much with increased comfort, but with VIP comfort, is a luxurious palace - project J-0587-0. In the design of the facades there are many elements corresponding to a prestigious home - a residence, a family mansion.
A house for permanent residence of increased comfort.
Project J-0587-0
In the basement there are technical rooms, a sauna block with a swimming pool and a gym, and there is also a garage for two cars. The first floor is designed on a grand scale and is designed to receive guests: spacious halls at the entrance, living room, kitchen-dining room. The winter garden is magnificent and can be accessed from the living room and dining room. The two upper levels of the house are dedicated to a recreation area. In the attic, in addition to bedrooms, an office and a bathroom with a toilet, there are storage rooms and free attic space, which would not be out of place in such a luxurious mansion.
Finally, it is necessary to make an explanation, without which this publication loses all meaning. The reader may have a question: “Why is this classification needed at all, since a project can be selected without any connection to functionality and style?” Actually not quite like that. Only by deciding on the elements of a particular architectural style will you be able to understand which house in your opinion is “beautiful”. Only after deciding on the functional purpose of the project, you will be able to understand what kind of house in your understanding is “comfortable”. And everything else, as they say, is a compromise.
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