Chinese cabbage is characterized by its unpretentiousness and resistance to weather conditions. This crop can be planted in open ground - it can withstand low temperatures and even frosts down to -4 degrees. This feature has made this vegetable popular in domestic farms, but it is important to observe planting dates and other conditions to obtain a rich harvest.

Chinese cabbage is an unpretentious and frost-resistant vegetable.

Conditions

This unpretentious vegetable has requirements for growing conditions:

• Fertile soil (containing humus). Gardeners also advise planting in coconut substrate;
• Soil preparation: in the fall, fertilize with manure (4.5 kilograms per square meter). Additionally, double superphosphate (one and a half dessert spoons) and potassium sulfate (two and a half dessert spoons) are added. In spring, fertilize with chicken droppings (a solution of 0.5 kg of droppings in a bucket of water);
• Daylight hours are no longer than 12 hours unless you want the plant to bloom and produce seeds;
• Temperatures up to 20 degrees during the day, not lower than 8 degrees at night. Good illumination of the selected area. If the air heats above 25 degrees, foliage burns or flowering may occur. If below 12 degrees, shooting will begin;
• Air humidity: in cloudy weather - 70, in clear weather - 80 percent. At night – 80%. Soil moisture content is 65 percent.

The period is chosen depending on the type of vegetable. Early varieties are planted in the spring, late varieties - closer to August.

When choosing soil, it is advised to pay attention to its predecessors. You should not sow Chinese cabbage in the place where radishes and mustard were grown. Pests - cruciferous flea beetles - may remain there. Chinese cabbage grows well in areas after lupine and phacelia.

Chinese cabbage likes cool weather, high humidity and short daylight hours.

Seedling method

In the conditions of central Russia, it is recommended to grow Chinese cabbage through seedlings. This will save the crop from death during possible frosts and reduce the ripening period. With the seedling method, the harvest is harvested three to four weeks after planting in open soil. Seeds for seedlings must be sown when April comes.

Chinese cabbage seeds germinate even when the air temperature warms up to +3-4 degrees. However, the more suitable temperature for growing Peking is from 15 to 22 degrees. Picking harms Chinese cabbage. When growing, it is recommended to plant the seed material in peat pots or tablets, and then immediately transplant it into the beds.

Caring for seedlings is simple: they are watered and loosened. Make sure that the temperature is approximately 15 degrees. When two leaves appear, the sprouts are thinned out. The distance is left approximately 7 centimeters. The second thinning is carried out after 10 days. The distance between plants is from 20 to 40 centimeters.

When the first 3-4 leaves appear, the sprouts can be planted in open ground, following a 30 by 50 cm pattern. It is better to plant in May. However, you should monitor the weather and do not replant plants in the cold. Low temperatures lead to the appearance of arrows on vegetables.

Growing Chinese cabbage with seedlings will allow you to harvest faster

Seedless method

Seed material is sown in open ground in several stages:

• in the last ten days of April - the first ten days of May;
• 14 days after the first landing;
• at the beginning of August.

From mid-June to mid-July the vegetable is not sown, because such plantings begin to bloom.

Plant seed when the soil is warm enough. Do not pre-soak. The soil chosen is light and loose, with a non-acidic environment.

If you plan to store the crop and eat it in the fall, then planting and cultivation in the last ten days of June - the first ten days of July is recommended. The distance between planted plants is at least 35-45 centimeters, the depth is 1-2 cm. When thickened, flowering occurs.

It is proposed to plant seeds in open ground in two ways:

• Tape-line: sowing seeds using tapes. The distance between them is from 50 to 60, and between the lines – from 20 to 30 centimeters.
• Standard: sow 3-4 pieces, the distance between the depressions in the ground is 35 centimeters.

You can also plant seeds on the ridges of the beds, deepening them by 1-1.5 cm.

If the weather is still cool, gardeners cover the crops with transparent polyethylene. Sprouts do not tolerate low temperatures well. Seeds germinate in 3-10 days (the warmer, the faster).

Chinese cabbage seeds do not need to be soaked

Care

To grow Chinese cabbage using both seedling and non-seedling methods, the following procedures are required:

• watering - not too much, so that the water does not stagnate and the heads of cabbage do not rot;
• loosening - necessary for access of oxygen and water to the root system when watering;
• thinning;
• removing weeds.

Water the beds using sprinkling method to avoid waterlogging. If precipitation is frequent, the plants are covered with transparent polyethylene to prevent them from rotting. With a lack of moisture, the head of cabbage becomes rough.

Fertilizers are advised to be used with caution. This vegetable quickly accumulates nitrates in the foliage. If you feed it excessively with chemical fertilizers, eating it will have harmful effects on the human body.

Moderate use of complex mineral supplements is possible. But it is better to use natural fertilizer - mullein in solution (1 to 8). They also feed with urea (a teaspoon per bucket of water) every 10 days.

It is better to use natural remedies to control pests. Using ash will save you from cabbage flies. The following also helps:

• rake the soil away from the roots and stem, removing eggs of cabbage pests;
• pour soil from between rows.

Growing Chinese cabbage in open ground should be carried out in compliance with the deadlines and taking into account weather conditions (temperature, humidity). In this case, you will get a harvest of vegetables while maintaining beneficial nutritional properties.

In Russia, its popularity has already equaled its distant relative - white cabbage, and in some respects it has become a leader. So, it is not necessary to plant it as seedlings; you can get by with seeds, which makes it much easier in open ground. The second important advantage is that it forms heads much faster, that is, you do not need to wait until autumn to harvest. The third wonderful quality of this vegetable is that it can be used for salads, hot dishes, and pickles, which has already been appreciated by thousands of chefs. Usually Chinese cabbage is not capricious, but for some gardeners, instead of forming heads of cabbage, it only throws out inflorescences that no one needs. What's the matter? What secrets do you need to know to get a good harvest?

Beijing or Chinese?

Even beginners in gardening can grow Chinese cabbage if a few simple conditions are met. Some difficulties may arise only at the very initial stage - buying seeds, because sometimes on the bags sold in all specialized stores you can see different names and the same picture of the vegetable.

Everyone knows that Beijing is the capital of China. Therefore, it is logical that Chinese cabbage and Chinese cabbage are one and the same, but there are two varieties of this vegetable. One is salad cabbage, or bok choy, the other is head-forming cabbage, or pet sai. Bok choy does not produce heads, only leaves that form in a rosette around the main bud. It is cultivated for the sake of these leaves, which are extremely useful from a medical standpoint. In Russia, it is bok choy that is most often called Chinese cabbage, and pet sai - Peking cabbage. It is also good for health. So, it contains a lot of vitamins A, C, B, PP, contains carotene, citric and ascorbic acids, proteins important for the human body.

Biological description

So that growing Chinese cabbage in open ground does not bring unexpected surprises, let’s get acquainted with the appearance of this vegetable. If all sowing and care standards are followed, the harvest consists of loose oblong heads up to 35 cm long. At the base, each leaf has a large fleshy central vein, whitish in color. Its shape is most often triangular, and its dimensions are such that it makes up approximately 20% of the leaf or more. The rest of it is quite tender, pale light green, less often green or deep green, slightly convex, with uneven edges. In cross-section, the head of cabbage has small seeds, similar to tiny balls. This vegetable loves moisture, light and warmth, but can withstand frosts in soil down to -4 degrees Celsius. This does not apply to young shoots of Chinese cabbage, which need to be provided with above-zero temperatures.

Features of cultivation

Beijing cabbage has many features. One of them is very fast germination. Therefore, growing Chinese cabbage in open ground from seeds is considered the most convenient way to cultivate it. The main condition that must be met is the temperature regime. The fact is that Chinese cabbage produces full-sized heads only in the air temperature range from +13 to +22 degrees Celsius. In cooler weather, this foreign vegetable actively forms arrows, in higher weather it does not set good heads and also throws out flower stalks. Planting dates in each region should be based on climatic conditions, taking into account that seeds germinate no longer than a week at an ambient temperature of +5 degrees and about 4 days at a temperature of +13 degrees. On average, cabbage is sown in open ground in spring from mid-April to mid-June, but experienced gardeners advise sowing at intervals of about 2 weeks in order to have a harvest for a long time.

How to sow seeds correctly

Growing Chinese cabbage in open ground in spring is the most convenient way to get a high yield. For the beds, select a well-lit place with light neutral soil.

The seeds are placed in the soil to a depth of no more than 2 cm, and better - from 1 to 1.5 cm. Before the heads of cabbage begin to form, very large lower leaves grow, which subsequently die, but during the growth process they greatly interfere with each other. Based on this, the distance between future cabbages should be at least 30 cm. It is almost impossible to maintain it by sowing small seeds, so in the future the seedlings must be thinned out. In order for the seedlings to appear faster, as well as to protect them from possible frosts, it is advisable to cover the crops with film.

Further care

Growing Chinese cabbage in open ground rarely causes difficulties. After the emergence of seedlings and their thinning, proper watering comes first in importance. Peking cabbage loves moisture and, if it is lacking, does not form good heads of cabbage. However, if there is an excess of water, it begins to rot. You need to water it abundantly, but so that the water does not stagnate, and on especially hot days, irrigate your plants using the rain method. Weeding, as well as shallow loosening of the soil, is also important for cabbage. This vegetable is fed 2 times per season with a solution of slurry or mullein.

Growing seedlings

Growing Chinese cabbage in open ground at home is practiced not only with seeds, but also with seedlings. This is done to ripen the crop earlier or to obtain several harvests per season. They begin to plant Chinese cabbage seedlings in the second half of April. This plant does not like transplanting and picking, so each seed is immediately placed in a separate cassette or in a peat pot (tablet). You can also sow 2-3 seeds, so that after germination you leave the strongest seedling and remove the rest. As soon as the seedlings hatch, the containers with the seedlings are transferred to a well-lit, but not hot place (ambient temperature - up to +18 degrees) so that the sprouts do not stretch too much. Otherwise, planting them will be problematic. The seedlings are planted in the garden bed with a clod of earth without damaging the root system.

The holes are made 25-30 cm apart from each other. Half a glass of ash and a pinch (up to a teaspoon) of complex fertilizers are added to each. The sprouts are ready to move into open ground when 5-6 leaves appear on each. In the first days after planting, young plants need to be covered with film at night to protect them from sudden temperature changes. The harvest can be harvested in just 3 weeks.

Growing in summer

Since Chinese cabbage ripens very quickly, it can be harvested twice per season, sowing the seeds again from late July to mid-August. It is not sown in June, which is due to the length of daylight hours, which for the formation of heads of cabbage should be no more than 12-13 hours. Growing Chinese cabbage in open ground in July is not much different from the process in spring.

The only thing that gardeners should do additionally is to artificially shorten the length of daylight hours for their cabbage by covering the plants with lutrasil. You also need to ensure sufficient watering and prevent the soil from drying out. To obtain seeds, cabbage is planted in months when the sun shines for more than 13 hours. It doesn’t matter how high the air temperature is.

Shooting Chinese cabbage

Almost all gardeners plant Chinese cabbage to produce heads of cabbage. But sometimes, instead of forming heads, plants begin to throw out flower arrows, and there is no harvest. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to comply with all standards when growing Chinese cabbage in open ground. The photo below shows what the rows should look like before the final thinning. With this method of planting, excess plants are not thrown away, but used for cooking.

Arrows may appear:

When the daylight hours are too long;

Density of plantings;

Lack of nutrients in the soil;

Insufficient watering in hot weather.

Sometimes cabbage becomes capricious when transplanting it. This happens when gardeners, thinning out plantings, try to save excess plants by transplanting them to another place.

Pests and diseases

Growing Chinese cabbage in open ground in a country house or garden plot usually proceeds without any difficulties. Important: it is not advisable to plant this crop after other cruciferous crops (radish, radish, mustard), which reduces the risk of diseases characteristic of these crops. Among the pests, cabbage is most often attacked by flea beetles, which can completely destroy the seedlings. To combat insects, the bed should be sprinkled with ash. Slugs also like to feast on cabbage leaves. If they are spotted on the site, special traps are set for them. Another pest is cabbage weeds, which lay eggs on the underside of leaves. If such masonry is found, they are destroyed manually.

Now many gardeners cultivate Chinese cabbage. The leaf plates of this type of plant have great nutritional and healing properties for the entire human body. China is considered the birthplace of this wonderful vegetable.

Peking cabbage in our regions can be grown both in an open garden bed and in a greenhouse.

Beijing cabbage - description

Chinese cabbage belongs to the cabbage family. It was first cultivated in the northern part of China. Now it has spread literally all over the world, as it has great beneficial properties. This type of culture has three varieties:

1. Half-headed.
2. Headed.
3. Leafy.

This is a biennial plant, but everyone grows it as an annual. Cabbage forms a rosette of tender, tasty leaves with a clearly visible central vein. The edges of the leaf blades are wavy, and their color is white-yellow-green.

Beneficial features

It’s very good that all useful microelements and vitamins are stored in cabbage for a long time. And therefore, regular consumption of Chinese cabbage leaves will help get rid of the following diseases:

• avitaminosis;
• stomach ulcer;
• cleanses the blood;
• removes toxins;
• improves metabolism in the human body.

But you should remember that you need to eat it, albeit regularly, but in small quantities, as an addition to the main type of food.

Growing Chinese cabbage from seeds

This tasty vegetable is sold very often in the vegetable departments of supermarkets and ordinary stores. But it’s always more interesting to get your own harvest of this cabbage, which is more reminiscent of lettuce, which will have superior taste and vitamin content.

When to sow Chinese cabbage for seedlings

The date for planting Chinese cabbage seeds into the soil is different for each region. Let's take the middle part of Russia as an example. Here it is necessary to plant the seeds of the crop to produce seedlings in the first 10-12 days of April. Then gardeners living in the south should move the deadlines 2 weeks earlier than this date, and gardeners living at the latitude of the Moscow region will plant seeds no earlier than the 20th of April.

The timing varies due to the fact that in the south spring comes earlier and the May holidays are warm enough to plant cabbage seedlings in open ground without fear of return frosts. At the same time, night cold snaps in the Moscow region can occur even at the beginning of summer; therefore, when planting young cabbage sprouts in an open bed there, you need to have a shelter on hand that can protect the planted seedlings from falling temperatures. It is recommended that all manipulations for planting seedlings be carried out on the growing moon; this will speed up their germination.

Gardeners can sow cabbage in two terms. Gardeners plant the second time in early July in order to get a second harvest from the garden in the summer. The second autumn harvest of cabbage can be eaten for a long time.

IMPORTANT! The correct choice of seeds is to purchase them in specialized stores from trusted manufacturing companies, otherwise the output during harvesting will be a crop that does not correspond to the variety.

Growing Chinese cabbage seedlings

In order to start growing Chinese cabbage seedlings, in addition to proven seeds, you need to have with you:

• peat tablets or containers 200 g;
• soil specially created for growing seedlings, purchased from a specialized store.

You can also make the earth mixture yourself by taking in equal proportions:

1. Sod land.
2. Humus.

The soil you have prepared yourself needs to be disinfected; to do this, it is placed in the freezer of the refrigerator for a day. Then cups with drainage holes are filled with soil and moistened with warm water. When planting seeds in the ground, they are lowered no lower than 1 cm, and in increments of 3 cm. Such pots are placed in one container for ease of transfer and turning different sides towards the light and placed in a warm, dark place.

Living seeds begin to hatch already on the 3rd day. After which the seedlings are taken out into diffuse sunlight. Watering is done as 1/3 of the soil in the cup dries out. Watering is done with carefully settled water from a syringe or a tablespoon, so as not to wash the small sprouts out of the ground. At the moment when the sprouts have 5 true leaf blades, it will be ready for planting in the prepared bed.

IMPORTANT! Before planting seedlings in open ground, they must be hardened off for 10 days. This will help her easily acclimatize to a new place.

Peking cabbage pick

Cabbage does not tolerate picking well, but this does not mean that it should not be done. Therefore, as soon as the seedlings form two true leaves, you need to start picking them.

Only well-developed seedlings are suitable for picking, and diseased ones are rejected and thrown out. They are selected and transplantation begins. The container should not exceed a volume of 250 g. and be filled with nutritious and loose soil. After transplanting, the seedlings are carefully watered and placed in a warm place where the air temperature will not be lower than 20 degrees Celsius. After transplantation, after 5 days, it is necessary to gradually reduce the air temperature to +16. This is done to prevent the growing seedlings from stretching out.

IMPORTANT! In order for the seedlings to stand on a sunny windowsill after diving, otherwise they will have to be illuminated with special incandescent lamps.

How to properly plant Chinese cabbage seedlings at home

Lovers of this cabbage who do not have land have a wonderful opportunity to grow it on their windowsill. Chinese cabbage is a vegetable that prefers short daylight hours, and therefore even in winter it will not need to be illuminated with lamps. The harvest can be obtained a month after seed germination.

Varieties of cabbage that can be grown on a southern windowsill or closed loggia:

1. Spring.
2. Stonefly.
3. Khibinskaya.
4. Lenok.

The technique for planting seeds is the same as for open ground. The only difference is that the finished seedlings are not planted in open ground, but in a container with a volume of at least 3 liters. To do this you can use:

• plastic bottles;
• flower pots;
• Tetra packs of juice.

IMPORTANT! So that containers intended for growing cabbage have drainage holes to drain excess water after watering.

Technique for planting cabbage:

1. Seeds are planted in peat tablets.
2. When they are old enough, they are planted in an appropriately sized container filled with nutritious and loose soil.
3. Dilute well with settled water.

Further care will consist of timely watering and fertilizers.

How to transplant Chinese cabbage seedlings into open ground

Before planting seedlings, they need to be hardened off. She is gradually accustomed to the open air, first taking her out into the air for 1.5 hours and then placing her in the shade. On the 10th day, gradually increasing the time the cabbage is left for walking, it will be possible to leave it overnight. Before planting, cabbage sprouts are well watered. They drop her off in the evening to make it easier for her to adapt to the new place.

Seedlings are planted at the end of April or at the beginning of July, digging holes according to the pattern 30x45 cm, where 45 cm is the distance between the rows. We must ensure that there are no more than 13 sprouts per 1 m2. Before planting the crop, place 1 teaspoon of fertilizer in each hole:

• nitrophoska;
• urea

The entire bed is watered with a hose, and the cabbage sprouts begin to be planted, while being careful not to break the roots of the seedlings. This will be the first summer cabbage harvest.

In June, you can plant the crop using seeds. To do this, prepare the mother bed and plant the seeds, deepening the seeds by 3 cm when planting, the row spacing should be 15 cm. If you plant the seeds in mid-July, then by early July the seedlings are ready and they are transplanted from the mother bed to a permanent place.

How to get a large harvest of Chinese cabbage in open ground

1. When planting early, you need to have non-woven material ready, which can be used to cover the beds if necessary - this will help the seedlings survive both frosts and dry winds. The shelter is made for the first 15 days after planting the cabbage.
2. Under cover, Chinese cabbage forms larger and tighter heads.
3. After a while, the cover is removed and the beds are mulched with dry straw.
4. Cabbage is a plant that takes watering well and it is done rarely once a week, but it should be plentiful. Since moisture will help form the leaf plates of Chinese cabbage.
5. Watering is done so as not to get on the leaf blades; the best time to water is in the evening.
6. After each watering or rain, weeding must be done while removing weeds.
7. No one has canceled feeding, and it is carried out in stages:

• the first, 10 days after planting the sprouts - with rotted manure or other nitrogen fertilizer.

IMPORTANT! Fertilize only with one of the three fertilizers, and not all at once. And all fertilizers are applied only after watering on damp soil, so that the root system of the plant does not burn.

• The second feeding is carried out with boric acid, which serves as an excellent additive for the formation of cabbage heads. It is done foliar and in the evening.

If you adhere to these rules and do not leave the cabbage bed unattended, this will significantly increase the vegetable yield.

Chinese cabbage (lat. Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis), or petsai, or Chinese cabbage, or coleslaw– one of the subspecies of turnip, a vegetable crop, a herbaceous plant of the Cruciferous family. The first mentions of it date back to the 5th-6th centuries AD. – then it was used not only as a vegetable, but also as an oilseed plant. As a cultivated plant, Chinese cabbage was formed in China, and through the Korean peninsula it came to Japan and Indochina, where it became one of the most important garden crops. By the middle of the 20th century, hybrids of high yield and early ripening were created based on Chinese and Japanese varieties of Chinese cabbage. In the USA and Europe, until the 70s of the last century, this Far Eastern crop was not widespread, but now, thanks to the emergence of early ripening Japanese hybrids, the industrial cultivation of Chinese cabbage in open ground is experiencing an unprecedented rise.

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Planting and caring for Chinese cabbage (in brief)

• Landing: sowing seeds for seedlings - at the end of March or early April, planting seedlings in the garden - at the end of April or early May. Sowing seeds of late varieties in open ground - in July.
• Lighting: bright sunlight.
• The soil: light, loose, fertile, moderately moist, well-drained, neutral reaction. The best soil is loamy.
• Watering: regular: once a week in the early morning or after sunset.
• Feeding: two weeks after planting the seedlings with a solution of mullein, bird droppings or herbal tincture at the rate of 1 liter per 1 plant. Spring-planted cabbage is fertilized 3 times during the growing season, summer-planted cabbage - 2 times. Foliar feeding with boric acid solutions is popular.
• Reproduction: seed.
• Pests: spring cabbage fly, wavy flea beetle, harmful centipede, cabbage moth, moth, cutworm, bug and aphid, root and rapeseed secretive insects, rapeseed bug and flower beetle, mole cricket, turnip white moth, winter and garden cutworm, sprout fly, gamma cutworm, dark click beetle and wireworms, petiole mosquitoes, black and cruciferous flea beetles and slugs.
• Diseases: black leg, black ring spot, tracheomycosis (fusarium wilt), phomosis (dry rot), vascular bacteriosis, mosaic, downy mildew, clubroot, white rot and alternaria.

Read more about growing Chinese cabbage below.

Beijing cabbage - description

Chinese cabbage is a biennial plant grown as an annual plant. The leaves of Chinese cabbage, tender and juicy, with a flat or triangular midrib, form a loose head or rosette. The leaves have wavy or jagged edges, are slightly pimpled on the inside, and their color can vary from light yellow to bright green. Sometimes slight pubescence is observed on the outer side of the leaf veins. The leafy forms of the plant are used to make salads, and the heads of cabbage are used to make soups, prepare side dishes, pickle and dry them. In East Asia, they prepare pickled Chinese cabbage, calling this dish kimchi.

Chinese cabbage is a close relative of cruciferous crops such as radishes, radishes, turnips, turnips, rutabaga, horseradish, mustard, kohlrabi, daikon, savoy cabbage, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower, white and red cabbage. We will tell you how to grow Chinese cabbage and care for it in a greenhouse, describe the conditions for growing Chinese cabbage and tell you how to plant Chinese cabbage in the ground, how to grow Chinese cabbage in open ground, how to protect it from pests and diseases, why Chinese cabbage is blooming, and we will also bring to your attention a description of the varieties and beneficial properties of Chinese cabbage.

When to sow Chinese cabbage for seedlings

Chinese cabbage is grown using seedlings and non-seedlings. Chinese cabbage is a cold-resistant plant - its seeds germinate already at a temperature of 4 ºC, but normal growth and development of the crop begins only at a temperature of 15-22 ºC. At higher temperatures, Chinese cabbage begins to bloom, especially in long daylight conditions. That is why it is recommended to use the seedling method of growing crops, which allows you to get the first harvest within 3-4 weeks after planting the seedlings in the ground. Sow Chinese cabbage seeds for seedlings about a month before planting the seedlings in open ground - at the end of March or early April if you want to get an early harvest, and at the end of June if you need Chinese cabbage for winter consumption.

Growing Chinese cabbage seedlings

Sowing Chinese cabbage seeds is carried out in loose soil, for example, a soil mixture of two parts coconut substrate and one part humus. However, the problem with this crop is that it is difficult to survive picking, so it is preferable to sow the seeds not in a common container, but three at a time in separate peat pots or peat tablets - in this case, you will not have to injure the seedlings either when picking or when transplanting into open ground. Dry seeds are embedded in a moist substrate to a depth of one and a half centimeters and placed in a dark, warm place until the seeds germinate.

After a few days, when shoots appear, the crops are brought to the light. The temperature of the seedlings at this time should not be higher than 7-8 ºC - keep the seedlings on a glazed balcony or loggia. How to care for Chinese cabbage during this period? Watering is carried out with warm, settled water as needed, when the top layer of the substrate dries out; after watering, the wet soil is carefully loosened. When the grown Chinese cabbage seedlings develop 2-3 true leaves, only one of the strongest seedlings is left in the pots, and the weak ones are pinched off so as not to injure the roots of the remaining seedling by pulling them out.

Peking cabbage pick

As we have already written, due to the fact that Chinese cabbage seedlings do not tolerate picking well, you need to sow its seeds not in a common container, but in separate containers in order to avoid injury to the roots of the seedlings when picking and transplanting into open ground.

Planting Chinese cabbage in open ground

When to plant Chinese cabbage in the ground

Growing and caring for Chinese cabbage in open ground begins with planting its seedlings in the garden. Chinese cabbage is planted at the stage of development of seedlings with 5-6 true leaves, when at least three weeks have passed since the emergence of seedlings. About 10 days before planting, the seedlings begin to harden - the seedlings are taken out into the yard for a short time every day, gradually increasing the duration of their stay in the fresh air. When the seedlings can spend the whole day in the yard, they are ready to be planted in the garden. 3-4 days before transplanting, the seedlings stop being watered so that the seedlings do not outgrow, but immediately before planting they are watered abundantly.

Soil for Chinese cabbage

Since we are talking about a light-loving crop, Chinese cabbage is planted in open, sunny areas. The soil for Chinese cabbage needs neutral, light, loose, but fertile, moderately moist and well-drained, and loam is most suitable in this regard. The best predecessors for Chinese cabbage are green manure, carrots, potatoes, legumes, grains, onions, garlic and cucumbers. And after such garden plants as all cruciferous vegetables, beets and tomatoes, it is better not to grow Chinese cabbage, since these crops have common diseases and pests.

How to plant Chinese cabbage

Before planting Chinese cabbage, the site should be prepared, and if the soil needs to be limed, this is done in the fall - dolomite flour or lime is added to the soil before digging. In the spring, the area is dug up, adding a bucket of humus or compost to each m², and harrowed. After this, holes are made: if you need cabbage for salad, the holes are placed in a row at a distance of 10-15 cm with a row spacing of 40-50 cm, and if you grow Chinese cabbage for heads, then the distance between holes in the row should be 30-40 cm with the same row spacing. Before planting, place 2 tablespoons of superphosphate, 2 cups of wood ash and a teaspoon of urea in each hole, mix the fertilizers with the soil thoroughly and water the holes well. A peat pot with a Chinese cabbage seedling is placed in the center of the hole and dug in.

How to grow Chinese cabbage in the garden

Caring for Chinese cabbage

How to grow Chinese cabbage correctly? Planting and caring for Chinese cabbage requires following some simple rules. For the first time after planting seedlings in the garden bed, it must be covered with non-woven material. Why is this being done?

• Firstly, in order to protect young plants from frost or sudden temperature changes.
• Secondly, to shade them from direct sunlight, which can cause harm to them during the rooting of seedlings.
• Thirdly, in order to protect the root system of Chinese cabbage from rotting during periods of heavy rain.
• Fourthly, to hide the seedlings from the cruciferous flea beetle, the most common pest of cabbage crops.
• Fifthly, so that Chinese cabbage covered overnight will form heads faster.

Two weeks after planting Chinese cabbage in open ground, the area should be mulched with straw or peat. There is no need to hill up Chinese cabbage, but it is necessary to carefully loosen the soil around it, while simultaneously removing weeds from the bed. Otherwise, the measures for caring for Chinese cabbage are the same as for any other type of garden cabbage - watering, fertilizing, protection from pests and diseases.

Watering Chinese cabbage

Peking cabbage in the garden requires regular and abundant watering - once a week with warm water. Water is poured under the root so that it does not fall on the leaves. Watering is carried out early in the morning or after sunset. To prevent moisture from evaporating from the soil so quickly, do not forget to mulch the bed - this way you will have to water the Chinese cabbage, loosen the soil around it, and remove weeds much less often.

Feeding Chinese cabbage

The first feeding of Chinese cabbage is carried out two weeks after the seedlings are planted in the ground, and it should consist of organic fertilizers. For example:

• one part mullein dissolved in 10 parts water;
• one part chicken manure dissolved in 20 parts water;
• one part herb infused with 9 parts water.

The consumption of organic fertilizer is 1 liter of ready-made solution per plant.

Chinese cabbage planted in the spring is fertilized three times during the growing season, and that planted in the summer - only twice.

In addition to the described nutritional compositions, foliar feeding has a good effect on the formation of Chinese cabbage forks: 2 g of boric acid is dissolved in 1 liter of hot water, after which another 9 liters of cold water are added to the solution. This composition is used to treat Chinese cabbage leaf by leaf. It's better to do this in the evening.

Chinese cabbage has bloomed

How does Chinese cabbage grow? Chinese cabbage produces heads of cabbage only in short daylight hours. In areas with warm climates this is early spring and late autumn. After seed germination, Chinese cabbage first forms a rosette of leaves, and only after accumulating a certain amount of protein, sugars and vitamins does the plant begin to form an elongated head weighing 1-2 kg or more, after which Chinese cabbage very quickly begins to bloom. As soon as 10 leaves are formed, flower primordia are formed in the central bud, and the head produces an arrow. What can cause Chinese cabbage to bolt before it forms heads? Long daylight hours and high air temperatures. That is why the middle zone is ideal for growing Chinese cabbage, and growing Chinese cabbage in Siberia is much easier than in the southern regions.

What to do if Chinese cabbage blooms? Study the rules of growing crops, find your mistakes, analyze them and not repeat them next year. Don't despair: negative experiences are sometimes more valuable than positive ones. In any case, you now know how Chinese cabbage blooms.

Beijing cabbage in a greenhouse

In order to grow Chinese cabbage in a greenhouse, it is necessary to maintain a certain temperature regime and maintain the required air humidity. Grow cabbage at temperatures no higher than 15-20 ºC, since higher temperatures can lead to the formation of flower stalks and various diseases. The optimal air humidity for Chinese cabbage grown in a greenhouse is 70-80%.

You can sow Chinese cabbage seeds in protected soil or plant seedlings in a greenhouse. Technical ripeness of cabbage grown from seedlings occurs on average a week earlier than that grown in a greenhouse from seeds. The requirements for greenhouse soil are the same as for soil in a garden bed. Peking cabbage is fertilized in a greenhouse with organic matter or mineral nitrogen fertilizer.

Pests and diseases of Chinese cabbage

Pests of Chinese cabbage

We have written about diseases and pests of cruciferous crops more than once, so there is no point in covering this topic in detail once again. Let us briefly recall that among the insects dangerous to the crop are the spring cabbage fly, the wavy flea beetle, the harmful centipede, cabbage moths, moths, armyworms, bugs and aphids, root and rapeseed secretive insects, rapeseed bugs and flower beetles, mole crickets, turnip moths, winter and garden cutworms, sprout fly, gamma armyworm, dark click beetle and wireworm, petiole gnat, black and cruciferous flea beetles and slugs.

Diseases of Chinese cabbage

Diseases, like pests, are common to all cruciferous crops, and we have given a detailed description of these diseases in our articles more than once. Most often, cruciferous crops, including Chinese cabbage, are affected by black leg, black ring spot, tracheomycosis (fusarium wilt), fomoz (dry rot), vascular bacteriosis, mosaic, downy mildew, clubroot, white rot, white rot and alternaria.

Processing Chinese cabbage

In order to grow a quality product, it is necessary to follow the rules of crop farming and care. Usually this is enough to ensure that diseases and pests never appear on your site. But if suddenly the plant does get sick or pests start to take over the garden, you need to know what measures will help you get rid of these troubles.

How to process Chinese cabbage? You need to fight fungal diseases with fungicides - Fundazol, Quadris, Skor, Ridomil, Topaz, Horus and other drugs of similar action. Plants cannot be cured of viral diseases (mosaic, black ring spot, for example); affected specimens must be removed from the site and burned so that the infection does not spread to healthy plants.

You can save yourself from pests by treating Chinese cabbage with insecticides, and in cases with arachnids, with insectoacaricides. It is unlikely that you will be able to get rid of them after one spraying, but no matter how many times you have to treat Chinese cabbage for pests, the last treatment must be carried out no later than a month before harvest.

And yet, the most reliable protection of the garden from diseases and pests is prevention. Follow crop rotation and agricultural practices, plant seedlings in open ground as early as possible, maintain the required interval between plants when planting, properly care for Chinese cabbage, remove all plant debris from the area after harvesting and dig the soil deeply.

Cleaning and storing Chinese cabbage

Chinese cabbage is cold-resistant - it can be left in the garden until mid-October. A head of Chinese cabbage that has acquired density is considered ripe. Chinese cabbage planted in spring is not suitable for storage, but that sown in July can be stored until the new year and even longer.

No special conditions are required to store Chinese cabbage. You can keep Chinese cabbage in a relatively dry basement or cellar, wrapping each head of cabbage in film and placing it in a wooden box. Approximately once every two weeks the heads are inspected, damaged areas are cleaned if necessary and wrapped in new film. Optimal conditions for storing Chinese cabbage are temperatures from 0 to 2 ºC and air humidity within 95%.

Do not store Chinese cabbage in the same room as apples, as these fruits produce ethylene, which causes Chinese cabbage leaves to wilt prematurely.

If you do not have a cellar or basement or it is impossible to store Chinese cabbage in them, try to store it in a glassed-in loggia or on a balcony if the temperature there does not drop below 0 ºC in winter. Wrap each head in cling film and place in a box. When frost sets in, you can always cover the cabbage with an old blanket or coat.

Dense and healthy heads of cabbage without any signs of spoilage can be stored in the refrigerator, wrapped in film.

Well, in the end, Chinese cabbage can be dried in an oven or electric dryer and then stored in fabric bags, or it can be fermented or chopped and frozen.

Method for fermenting Chinese cabbage: finely chop 5 kg of cabbage, add 50 g of vinegar, 300 ml of water, a teaspoon each of salt and sugar, squeeze one clove of garlic through a press, mix, put in a jar or ceramic container, press well and place on top oppression. After a day, the cabbage is pierced to the very bottom, left at room temperature for another day, after which it is put into the cold. Pickled Chinese cabbage will be ready to eat in two weeks.

Types and varieties of Chinese cabbage

Chinese cabbage varieties are divided into early, mid-ripening and late ripening according to ripening time.

Early varieties of Chinese cabbage

The best early ripening varieties are:

• Stonefly– a leaf variety, resistant to flowering, ripening within 35 days from the moment of germination. The leaves of Vesnyanka are bare, their central vein is distinguished by its juiciness:
• Champion– an early-ripening hybrid resistant to bolting with compact heads of cabbage and a well-closed top;
• Sprinkin'– an early hybrid, ripening in 55-60 days, with cylindrical heads of rich dark green color;
• Lenok– an excellent salad variety for growing in protected ground: the leaves, slightly covered with a waxy coating, are collected into a head of cabbage weighing on average about 300 g;
• Asten- a variety of Dutch selection exclusively for open ground, the dark green heads of cabbage weighing one and a half kilograms ripen in 55 days.

Early maturing varieties of Chinese cabbage Kudesnitsa, Monaco, Victoria, Polukochannaya, hybrids Hydra, Gorki, Naina, Tenderness, Richie, Spectrum, Marfa, Optiko, Rossem, Northern Beauty, Orange Mandarin have also proven themselves well.

Mid-early and mid-season varieties of Chinese cabbage

There are more varieties and hybrids of this group than early or late ones. The most popular of them are:

• Beijing Express– a variety ripening within 70-75 days, resistant to unfavorable conditions, with light green cylindrical heads weighing up to 2 kg;
• Pomegranate– a high-yielding mid-early variety, ripening in 65-70 days, with dense cylindrical heads of dark green color weighing up to 2.5 kg;
• Vorozheya– mid-season semi-headed variety with wide elliptical flat vesicular leaves with slight pubescence;
• Cha-cha– mid-early hybrid, ripening in 50 days, resistant to stemming with heads weighing almost 3 kg;
• Wineglass– a mid-season variety resistant to stemming, ripening in 70 days, with medium-sized heads weighing up to 2 kg. The inner leaves are light yellow;
• Brocken– mid-season, blossom-resistant, highly productive variety with semi-open heads of medium density weighing up to 2.5 kg. The variety is perfectly stored;
• Rollnik– a shade-tolerant, cold-resistant variety with yellow-green heads weighing up to 200 g with a slight waxy coating;
• Autumn beauty– mid-season hybrid (80-85 days) with half-open heads of medium density weighing up to 2.5 kg. When cut, the heads of cabbage are yellow.

Hybrids Bilko and TSHA 2 also performed well.

Late varieties of Chinese cabbage

Since Chinese cabbage is, in principle, a quickly ripening crop, there are not so many late varieties. The best ones:

• Nozaki– the growing season of this variety is 85-90 days, the heads of cabbage are broadly elliptical, semi-open, but dense, yellow-green in cross section, weighing about 1.5 kg;
• Russian size– a cold-resistant variety with heads of beautiful creamy-yellow color weighing up to 3-4 kg;
• Nika– a late-ripening hybrid with wide-elliptical dense heads of cabbage weighing up to 3 kg, poorly stored fresh. This variety is most suitable for pickling;
• Monument– not a very productive variety, ripening in 70 days, with heads weighing up to 3.5 kg;
• Parking– a late-ripening hybrid with excellent taste with dense heads weighing up to 1 kg.

Delicious Chinese cabbage

The most delicious leafy Chinese cabbage is considered to be the Broadleaf variety, whose growing season is 45-50 days. This is a high-yielding variety that looks similar to the Roman Romaine lettuce. If planted in a timely manner, you can harvest the first Broadleaf crop in June.

Of the semi-headed varieties of Chinese cabbage, the early-ripening, productive variety Khibinskaya is deservedly considered the most delicious, ripening in open ground in 40-50 days, and in a greenhouse in 20-25 days. This variety has a heavily leafy, spreading rosette and an elongated, cylindrical head.

The most delicious cabbage varieties are considered to be Marfa and the varieties and hybrids already described in the article: Champion, Nika, Cha-cha and Russian size.

Beijing cabbage for Siberia

Growing and caring for Chinese cabbage in Siberia is no different from cultivating this garden form in the middle zone. Therefore, the same varieties can be grown here as in the Moscow region. But if you are afraid that the weather will let you down, give preference to early and early ripening varieties of Chinese cabbage, for example, such as Half-headed, Marfa, Optiko, Lenok, Asten, Orange Mandarin, Vesnyanka or the hybrids Tenderness, Victoria, Monaco, Rossem and Northern Beauty.

Properties of Chinese cabbage - harm and benefit

Useful properties of Chinese cabbage

The benefits of Chinese cabbage for the human body lie primarily in its composition. Chinese cabbage contains vitamins A (beta-carotene), C (ascorbic acid), U, P, K (phylloquinone), E (tocopherol), B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin or vitamin PP), B4 (choline), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 ​​(pyridoxine), B9 (folic acid), macroelements phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chlorine, sodium, sulfur, microelements manganese, iron, zinc, copper, fluorine and iodine, vegetable protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, sugars and fats.

Chinese cabbage is a valuable dietary product that has a healing effect on headaches, nervous disorders and depression, and diabetes. It is an excellent preventive and therapeutic agent for cardiovascular diseases, in particular hypertension and atherosclerosis. Its delicate fiber has a beneficial effect on the gastrointestinal tract; it is even indicated for patients with gastritis and gastric and duodenal ulcers.

Peking cabbage is included in the daily diet for radiation sickness; it removes heavy metals from the human body. Due to the lysine contained in Chinese cabbage, regular consumption of Chinese cabbage dishes increases immunity to diseases. In China and Japan, Chinese cabbage is considered a product that guarantees longevity, precisely because of the lysine content in its composition, since this essential amino acid cleanses the blood, having the ability to dissolve foreign proteins.

Chinese cabbage is useful for anemia, as it stimulates the formation of leukocytes and red blood cells in the blood. Chinese cabbage helps remove excess cholesterol from the body, prevents fatty liver and tumor formation.

Chinese cabbage is an ideal food for those looking to lose weight as it contains enough fiber to fill the stomach, but is also a low-calorie food.

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Properties of Chinese cabbage

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​On my plot I grow Chinese cabbage. At first it didn’t work out well for me: planting seedlings and sowing seeds in the ground in the spring did not give any results. The plants quickly grew old and threw out their flower stalks. Then I figured out to change the landing date, and things got better. Now in June I sow two or three dozen seeds in the ground along the rows of cucumbers, stepping back from them by 15-20 cm. The distance between cabbage plants is 70-90 cm. Shoots appear quickly, and despite the summer heat, they feel under the cover of cucumber leaves Fine. Cabbage is as moisture-loving as cucumbers, so frequent watering benefits both crops. Cabbage grows quickly, freely, forks well already in August, and by autumn it forms huge loose heads of cabbage. It can withstand repeated significant frosts, and even becomes a protector of cucumbers. When frosts have already destroyed other gardeners' cucumber vines, I still collect cucumbers that grew under the cover of cabbage. Chinese cabbage is a delicious vegetable. In the spring I make salads from it. In early autumn I cook cabbage soup and borscht. My family especially loves cabbage rolls made from this cabbage. The large, tender leaves roll well without breaking and do not need to be scalded like white cabbage leaves. Thick, snow-white, juicy petioles are indispensable for salads. Chinese cabbage can be canned.​

Transplanting seedlings into closed ground

The plant does not survive transplantation very well, so hilling is permissible no earlier than three weeks after planting.

​http://youtu.be/w5ZRJJ3ht0k​

​Beijing cabbage differs from white cabbage in that it contains 2 times more protein, and from lettuce in that it contains 2 times more vitamins. Many people are interested in the question: how to grow Chinese cabbage? The technology for its cultivation is no more complicated than that of other crops. The main thing is to choose the most suitable method for yourself, and the harvest will be a success.​

​What variety did you plant? And many people say that for some reason it grows rude...​

​It’s interesting to try cabbage rolls from Beijing.​

​Ordinary ash is very effective. The main “enemies” of Chinese cabbage are cabbage flies and fleas. To combat flies, they also often do the following: they rake the soil from the plant stem and sprinkle soil from the rows there. Allegedly, eggs laid by cabbage flies are also removed along with the soil.​

Growing in open ground

​Personally, I would define Chinese cabbage this way: cabbage salad. Indeed, these elongated heads of cabbage do not have a pronounced cabbage taste. At the same time, they are tender, like lettuce leaves. The average length of a head of cabbage is up to 60 cm. Peking cabbage is eaten both raw and after heat treatment - that is, it is prepared like regular cabbage.​

​When 2-3 true leaves appear, leave one of the strongest sprouts in the pot, the rest need to be plucked out.​

​N. Belimova​Young plants are planted in open ground when they have 3 leaves.​

​If you grow Chinese cabbage without seedlings, then there are 2 periods for sowing seeds: spring-summer and summer-autumn.​

​I planted the “Glass” variety twice and twice the cabbage did not fit into the cabbage. The first time I planted it in a greenhouse, the cabbage very quickly put out an arrow of flowers, the distance between the plants was 45 cm. The next year I planted the same variety but in open ground, the distance was reduced to 30 cm. It didn’t bloom as quickly as in the greenhouse, but it still didn’t form into a head, the leaves were in different directions... I can’t understand the reason...​

VseoTeplicah.ru

​I’m also curious what variety it was. It seems that it can be planted as seedlings, so that it is early and then planted a little later in the ground, right?​

​By the way, yes, I thought about this too... Maybe someone tried it?)​

​". All of them are resistant to flowering, are distinguished by tenderness and juiciness. What are their differences? Slightly different shapes of heads of cabbage. Here, for example, is the variety "Asten":​

​There may be two options. Chinese cabbage is planted either on greens and used as a salad, or on heads of cabbage. In the first case, the leaves are cut off when they reach a height of 10 cm. If the final product is a head of cabbage, then they wait until the leaves close at the top. Don’t forget about the growing season: if 2 months have passed since planting, feel free to cut off the heads of cabbage.​

Chinese cabbage is very healthy. More than 16 essential amino acids, vitamins, without which the human body suffers greatly... By the way, most of all this goodness is contained not in green leaves, but in their white cores, so don’t even think about cutting them out!​

​After 20-25 days, plants in the phase of 5-6 true leaves can be transplanted into open ground. The seedlings are very tender and fragile, so they should be planted carefully. The optimal planting pattern is 35x25 cm.​

Preparing for landing

1. ​Chinese cabbage​
2. ​The planting density of this cabbage crop is 10-13 plants per 1 m².​

Transplantation into open ground

In the first case, the seeds need to be sown in the ground in late April-early May. If the soil in the area is very soft, then in each prepared hole you should lay a regular napkin on which to place several seeds. Then sprinkle with soil and water gently.​

​To ensure normal functioning, the body requires vitamins such as A, B1, B2, B6, E, K, C, P, PP, iodine. This vegetable is rich in these elements. Chinese cabbage contains fiber, which improves digestion and helps cleanse the body of toxins. It is useful for people suffering from anemia, as cabbage contains a large amount of iron. Due to its ability to neutralize cholesterol and prevent the development of atherosclerosis, it should be included in the diet for cardiovascular diseases.​

1. ​Is it really a cabbage variety? Oh, well, once a glass... There should still be a head of cabbage)).​
2. ​Can you tell me more about ash? What kind is needed? Sorry, maybe a stupid question, I'm new)))​
3. ​I haven't tried it either.​
4. ​And here is the “Vorozheya” variety:​
5. ​Usually the weight of a head of cabbage reaches one kilogram (up to 1200 grams). Although, maybe you will grow very large heads of cabbage, who knows. Interestingly, on average 350 kilograms of Chinese cabbage are harvested from one hundred square meters.​

​In stores, Chinese cabbage is sold in this form:​

After planting, water each plant at the root.

​Plants that are used as lettuce grow in both acidic and alkaline soils, but always with good drainage. Chinese cabbage is grown in open ground, small-sized film shelters, hotbeds and greenhouses as an independent crop or as a main compactor. In open ground, sow seeds or plant potted seedlings. Potless seedlings do not tolerate transplantation well. If the sowing time for Chinese cabbage is early spring, it is cultivated as a predecessor of cucumbers and tomatoes. It is advisable to grow as a second crop after early cabbage, cauliflower and early potatoes. Particularly favorable conditions develop for Chinese cabbage in the second half of summer, when nitrogen compounds accumulate in the soil in an easily accessible form. In the fall, when digging up the soil, well-decomposed manure, humus, and compost (3-4 kg/sq. m) are added to the area intended for growing cabbage. If there is a lack of moisture in the soil, pre-sowing watering is effective. The seeds are heated in hot water the day before or on the day of sowing. They are placed in bags in water heated to 50°C and kept for 20 minutes. Then they are cooled, immersed in cold water, and dried until they flow. Sow cabbage as early as possible in the spring, in rows at a distance of 30-35 cm or in double-line ribbons. The distance between the tapes is 50 cm, from one to the other row - 20. Seed placement - by 2-3 cm. In the phase of one or two true leaves, plants are thinned out by 5-6 cm, in the phase of four or five by 15-20 cm. Chinese cabbage is moisture-loving. Four to five waterings are required during the growing season. Moisten the top layer of soil to 25-30 cm. After each watering (rain), loosening of the soil is necessary, the depth of which gradually increases from 5-6 cm to 10-12. Usually, two feedings are carried out with slurry, cow and horse manure, and chicken manure - after preliminary watering of the plants. It is better to place them in the grooves at a distance of 5-10 cm from the root, without contaminating the leaves. After fertilizing, the furrows are covered with earth. Plants are removed with roots or only leaves are cut off, selectively, starting from the first present and continuing until shoots appear. The main cleaning is when a rosette of 9-10 true leaves is fully formed. When leaves are cut, new ones grow quickly. When the day length approaches maximum, plants quickly begin to shoot and flower en masse. Vegetable growers need to pay attention to this fact. If in the first year you get a seed harvest instead of a high yield of vegetables, do not be upset. Next year, sow the seeds on different dates, so you will select the optimal sowing time for your area. Chinese cabbage is mainly used in salads. Chinese kale can be stewed, added to soups and other dishes.​

Chinese cabbage is an early ripening crop, and early varieties are capable of producing 2-3 harvests per year. The ripening speed of such varieties is 45-55 days. When growing cabbage, sowing in a row can be done at a distance of 100 mm from each other, which will make it possible to use the crop throughout the season. As the leaves in the row grow and close together, you need to cut off every second plant for consumption. This leaves a distance of 200 mm between plants. Then again, when closing the leaves, you should do the same thing. As a result, there will be a distance between plants in the row of 400 mm. With the sowing and seedling method, the harvest of heads of cabbage must be carried out on June 25-30.​

Chinese cabbage contains lysine, so it helps cleanse the blood and improve immunity. As doctors note: with prolonged use, the body tolerates stress normally, and its juice is useful for the prevention of gastritis. Doctors do not recommend abusing this vegetable for people suffering from high acidity and duodenal ulcers. To avoid stomach upset, cabbage should not be combined with dairy products and soft cheeses.​

​I also read that with long daylight hours, Chinese cabbage does not form heads. Therefore, it is recommended to grow it in the spring, while the days are still short)).​

​Of course, you can)) Any ash will do, from burning wood, branches, leaves. If you have a fireplace or stove at your dacha, this will be perfect)​

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​Some of my friends praise it, others don’t, they say it tastes better from the regular one))​

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​Among the leaf varieties, mention should be made of the variety "​

Chinese cabbage

​This cabbage can be stored for no more than 3 months, so don’t stock up for the whole winter, but eat it while it’s tasty and healthy;)​

But, you must admit, your own is always better than store-bought. If previously “petsai” was a rarity, now it is planted in both Russia and Ukraine, so there is no particular shortage. Pay attention to the brief description of the vegetable:

​At first, protect from frost. In the first two weeks of seedlings, you can artificially shorten the day: in the evening, cover the plantings with one layer of lutrasil so that the plants form a head of cabbage.

​N. Dorokhin

Caring for this crop consists of abundant watering and high-quality fertilizer. It will be enough to fertilize cabbage 2 times during the entire growing season. Hilling is also carried out twice: the first time - three weeks after transplanting into open ground, and the second time - 10-14 days after the first earthing.​

​http://youtu.be/Mn-B-2pTyYY​

​This vegetable crop is cold-resistant; its seeds can germinate at temperatures around 4°C, and the plants can withstand frosts down to -4°C. In order for cabbage to grow and develop, it requires a temperature of 15-22°C. She loves light, but is resistant to shade. The formation of a good harvest is ensured by good weather and a short day. In this case, the soil must be fertile and sufficient moisture.

​There are, however, varieties that even with long daylight hours do not send out flower stalks and form heads of cabbage. For example, F1 Magician and F1 Nika...​

​How to use ash - read in this material - Fighting cruciferous flea beetles ​

​I tried not only cabbage rolls. I cooked fish and cabbage soup. It tastes better with our white cabbage. Peking is good in kimchi, in salads, I like it in green sandwiches. Place a slice of homemade cheese, dill, other herbs, crushed fresh garlic, and homemade kefir foam into a cabbage leaf. Wrap everything in a bag and eat it, preferably without bread.​

​Khibiny​

There are a lot of varieties and hybrids, it’s true. I'll tell you about the main ones.​

​Let's expand on what has been said.​

Cabbage sown in summer will produce good heads of cabbage in the fall. To do this, it is recommended to sow it directly into the ground no earlier than the second half of July.​

Chinese cabbage, being one of the vegetables richest in vitamin C, is a fairly cold-resistant crop. The plant tolerates temperatures down to -4 degrees without much damage, and its seeds germinate as soon as the thermometer reaches 3-4 degrees. At the same time, the optimal temperature indicators for growing this vegetable are 15-22 degrees, so planting Chinese cabbage (or rather, its 27-30 day old seedlings) in open ground is usually carried out in early June. That is, seeds for seedlings must be sown at the end of April. Seedlings should not be placed too densely: you should not plant more than 12-15 plants on one square meter of land.​

​Growing a good harvest of this vegetable crop is quite simple if you care for the plants properly: care consists not only of hilling and fertilizing, but also of fighting diseases and pests. Blackleg, downy mildew, mucous bacteriosis are the most common diseases of Chinese cabbage. To protect the crop from these misfortunes, it is necessary to treat the plants with special means before planting (to protect against downy mildew) and during the formation of heads of cabbage. The drugs “Fundazol” and “Planriz” have proven themselves better than others.​

• ​In the summer-autumn growing period, the yield reaches its peak, and the heads of cabbage are of high quality. During this period, it is necessary to use only the sowing method, in which the seeds should be sown in the ground after July 20. The head harvest should be harvested without waiting for the first frost, at the end of September. You can dig them up with roots and a clod of earth for storage at 0-2°C in a cellar or basement. To do this, Chinese cabbage needs to be buried in a layer of moistened sand, stacked as closely as possible to each other.
• I planted Chinese cabbage this year for the first time. I was pleased with the result. See our photo with the “Beijing”
• ​If you plant cabbage (any kind), you definitely need to know this)​
• ​I did it and didn’t appreciate it either. The regular one tastes better. But pickled cabbage rolls (stuffed with carrots, garlic and herbs) - yes!))​

Spring sowing of Chinese cabbage

​". It can be planted both in open ground and in protected ground. And here, in fact, is the leafy Chinese cabbage “Khibinskaya”:​

Let's start with the cabbage varieties. Among them, the varieties "​​If we live in central Russia, it is most favorable to plant Chinese cabbage seedlings. To do this, in early April we sow seeds for seedlings at home. Everything is the same as when planting regular cabbage. Moderate watering and loosening, low temperature, about +15 Celsius. To increase germination and accelerate growth, you can use any currently existing mineral complexes.​

​It is best to sow using the nesting method - 3 seeds per hole. The seeding depth is 2-3 cm. The distance between the beds is at least 40-50 cm. The distance between the nest holes is about 35-40 cm.

​Planting Chinese cabbage without seedlings is carried out a little differently: the seeds are sown in open soil in three stages - at the end of April - beginning of May, two weeks after the first planting and at the beginning of August. Accordingly, the time of harvest ripening will depend on the selected period. It is worth considering that this crop is early ripening, the cabbage rosette is formed within 40-50, and heads of cabbage - 60-80 days after planting.​

​After harvesting, Chinese cabbage must be stored in dark and cool rooms that have been previously cleaned of plant debris and disinfected.​

Chinese cabbage is a relatively new crop in the domestic kitchen. This vegetable is usually consumed raw in salads dressed with olive oil.​

Summer sowing

​After Chinese cabbage forms a head, it begins to bolt, as it is a long-day plant. That is why there are 2 sowing dates for it. 1 of them is carried out in the spring, in April, and the 2nd - in the summer, in July. To get an early harvest of cabbage, it should be sowed in the spring on March 15-20 using seedlings.​

​Anna, you have planted pekinka so often, have all the heads of cabbage started? I read that she doesn’t like close planting, this can lead to arrows or failure to set a head of cabbage.​

​What's your name? Let's decipher it already, otherwise it seems inconvenient to contact you mawynya

​Oh, pickled cabbage rolls - what's that like? I’ve never heard of it, maybe you could share the recipe?... I add Chinese cabbage to LAZY cabbage rolls. And here, in my opinion, she is irreplaceable. Even my men, who are served meat-meat-meat (and more!!!), gobble them up on both cheeks. Indeed, they turn out much more tender than with regular white cabbage. Last edited on March 31, 2016, 16:59​

​Use kale in the same way as regular lettuce.​

​Asten​

When the seedlings have 3-4 true leaves, they can already be planted in open ground. Optimally - in early May, although, again, look at the weather. It happens that it snows in May too)). It is better not to plant in the cold, this will only contribute to further bolting.

​After the shoots appear, one of the strongest and strongest sprouts is left in each hole, and the rest are removed. Further care for Chinese cabbage is quite simple and consists of regular watering and removing all kinds of weeds from the garden bed. But it’s better to completely abandon fertilizers and fertilizing. The fact is that this crop is prone to extremely rapid accumulation (especially in leaf petioles and stems) of nitrates, and eating such an overly “fed” vegetable can have a negative effect on the human body.​ ​The optimal temperature for long-term storage is 2-3°C S.​

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How Chinese cabbage excites my senses

Caring for Chinese cabbage is as follows: abundant watering, high-quality fertilizers, and hilling.

To do this, you need to prepare a soil mixture of peat and turf soil in a 1:1 ratio. Then add 1 tbsp to the bucket of the resulting mixture. a spoonful of complex mineral fertilizer and 2 tbsp. spoons of wood ash. Cups with a size of 80x80 mm are suitable for growing seedlings. They need to be filled with soil mixture and watered with a solution of potassium permanganate.​

​answer for Olga from Samara. The Peking cabbage has started to grow. Planting in this bed took place over two periods. The first is in May, the second in August. As the finished heads of cabbage were cut off, new seedlings were replanted. Of the planted seedlings, about 40 in number, 2-3 bushes sprang up.

​Thank you. My name is Marina. I registered from my phone and apparently I didn’t fill in the details completely))​

​Have you ever planted Chinese cabbage? =)​

​If you plan to grow Chinese cabbage for storage (that is, for consumption in the fall, and not immediately), you can plant it directly in the ground in late June - early July. The distance between plants should be 35-45 cm. Do not think that this is a lot, because this cabbage, like any other, has lower leaves that need to grow somewhere before the head of cabbage forms. In addition, Chinese cabbage needs freedom as one of the important factors preventing flowering (shooting) of plants.

​3 weeks after sowing, the plants are earthed up.​

Planting Chinese cabbage

​Like any cabbage, Chinese cabbage is a long-day plant. For flowering and fruiting, it needs more than 13 hours of daylight. With a short daylight hours (less than 12 hours), a shoot with seeds does not form, but leaves grow and heads of cabbage set. If you grow cabbage not for its seeds, you need a low temperature of +16...+20°C and short daylight hours. Therefore, it is sown either in early spring for seedlings, or in the second half of summer.​

Chinese cabbage should be harvested exclusively in dry weather. For storage, leave only tight and healthy heads of cabbage. If brown spots are visible on the leaves of the cabbage head, it is better to use it first.​

​Peking cabbage is the leader among cabbages in terms of vitamin C content, and its daily consumption helps restore strength, prevent vitamin deficiency and excess weight.​

​After this, you need to sow 3 seeds in each glass. When seedlings begin to appear, the container with seedlings should be moved closer to sunlight. The best place for this is a glazed balcony or loggia, since during this period the air temperature there does not exceed 8°C. Cabbage loves this temperature regime, but growing seedlings does not require picking. As the plant grows, only 1, the strongest, sprout should be left in each glass. Watering the soil should be done as it dries and only with warm water. To restrain the growth of plants, watering should be stopped 3-4 days before planting in the ground. And 2 hours before planting, be sure to water the seedlings, which at this time already have about 6 leaves. Wow, 40 pieces!!! Where did you put that amount?)) I still have one head of cabbage in the refrigerator, but I planted less. Did you grow leeks at home?

​For 5 kg. cabbage 4-5 small pods of hot pepper, 2-3 pcs. carrots, 2 heads of garlic. This is my mother-in-law’s recipe, and I make it in smaller proportions (since I don’t like it to become sour after a month) and not so spicy. In general, not for everyone. So we take cabbage and cut it into leaves. ​

Caring for Chinese cabbage

Chinese cabbage excites not only your senses, but also mine, ever since I first tried it in a spring salad with fresh cucumber, herbs, and boiled eggs. But, in addition to the fact that it is used fresh in a wide variety of salads, boiled it is used in cabbage rolls, okroshka, soups and as a side dish. It is good pickled and pickled.​

​Glass​

Chinese cabbage loves fertile soils with sufficient humus. When planting, you need to take into account the fact that this is a long-day plant.

​Before the leaves close, you need to shallowly loosen the rows and apply nitrogen fertilizers. After the rows are closed, the plants are weeded.

​Beijing cabbage easily tolerates cold temperatures down to -4°C at the stage of head formation, but there is a high probability of bolting. In general, the plant shoots up in case of any deterioration in weather conditions - sudden heat or cold snap.

​http://youtu.be/kgSiTiC1_Oo​

​How to plant Chinese cabbage at home? What does a beginning gardener need to know to get a good harvest? Let's try to figure it out.​

Harvest

​Seedlings aged 25-30 days should be planted in a permanent place after a month, that is, April 15-20.​

​Northern region - when to plant Beijing seeds in the spring in the city. and need to be covered with film?​

​Please tell me more. It is written that if 2 months of the growing season have passed since planting, you can cut it off. 2 months is from the moment of planting in the ground; from the moment of sowing the seeds; or from the moment the shoots emerge? And also, do the leaves themselves begin to close at some point? In the store, when buying seeds, they told me that it should have no more than 8 hours of daylight, and then it is better to cover it, if I want it to be early. Is it worth doing this or is this cabbage more autumnal? Thank you

Varieties of Chinese cabbage

​We wash it and soak it for 3 days in a highly salty solution. Then wash them. Grind the filling and mix. Place a spoonful of filling at the thick base and roll it into a cabbage roll. Place each roll tightly in a jar. Then take 1 tbsp for 1 liter of water. salt and pour this solution (I do it by eye) over our cabbage. We put it in the refrigerator and within a day you can take a sample. P.S. I also added bell pepper to the filling. ​

​Chinese cabbage is a means of preventing cancer and cleanses the body of harmful chemicals.​ ​", "​ ​BUT​​The Chinese cabbage is watered regularly, moderately, without waterlogging the soil, and during a drought - generously, shedding the soil to a depth of 20 cm.​ ​To prevent the Chinese cabbage from bolting​​Experienced gardeners grow "Peking cabbage" not only for home consumption , but also for sale. This vitamin-rich vegetable is very popular and is widely used in dietary dishes, helping to eliminate waste, toxins, and radionuclides. Have a good harvest! Peking cabbage is a frost-resistant plant that actively forms a head of cabbage only in short daylight conditions. A winter greenhouse or greenhouse with controlled lighting is an ideal option for growing this healthy vegetable. Chinese cabbage will not grow well on depleted lands, so the soil must be fertilized with mineral additives and nitrogen. Last year’s planting experience was not successful, I will try this year, if it works out, I’ll share my experience ​Clarification. I'm going to plant seedlings.​​A personal clarification: for the first three days we keep the leaves in the room, and the rolls are already in the refrigerator. You can add greens to the filling. When serving, cut and drizzle with homemade sunflower oil.​​This oriental cabbage beauty can take its rightful place in the garden; it is promising as a border framing beds or paths. The distance between plants in a row planting method is 25-35 x 15-20 cm, the seeding depth is 1-2 cm. She prefers loamy, as the most moisture-retaining, highly fertile, neutral or alkaline soils with close groundwater.​ ​Vorozheya​​: if If you don't want it to send out flower stalks, plant it in a place where there is no more than 12 hours of daylight. If there is more than 12 hours of daylight, you will have seeds, but you will not have good cabbage. Favorable temperature: +16...+20°C. 3-4 times during the growing season, the row spacing is loosened by 5 cm. To prevent the formation of a crust on the soil surface, after heavy rains, loosening can be deep, up to 12 cm.

​choose varieties that are resistant to flowering and observe planting dates;​

​Peking cabbage. Different planting dates.​​But is it possible to plant Chinese cabbage in open ground conditions and still get a good harvest? Certainly! To do this, you just need to follow a few simple rules.​

​In our western region, pekinka did not work out in spring, but when sown in the ground after July 25, excellent heads of cabbage are obtained.​

​I found the Nika variety in the store, has anyone tried it? Aren't the leaves hard?

Lyudmila Uleyskaya, Yalta

Actually, it can be done at any time of the year. Carrots can be grated on a Korean grater, then the crunch will be better. This is not according to the recipe, but I flavored the brine with a pinch of sugar and threw in a few peppercorns and a bay leaf. In short, experiments are not forbidden.)))​

Wow! Yes, we have an expert on Chinese cabbage among us! Friends, remember =)​

Tatiana

​By the way, an important feature: almost all varieties of Chinese cabbage have a short growing season - up to 60 days. Therefore, choose for yourself when to plant it, based on the time when you want to get strong and juicy heads of cabbage.​

​do not harden off the seedlings;​

​The video was made on November 6, 2013 in the Odessa region. Peking cabbage is presented in the dynamics of development.​

Lyudmila Uleyskaya, Yalta

​Plant seeds do not need to be soaked before planting.​

Tatiana

​Then you need to dig shallow holes at a distance of about 300-400 mm. It is not worth planting seedlings more often so that they have enough space and nutrients. Therefore, no more than 15 plants should be planted per 1 m2.​

Vera, Biysk

It is better to plant Pekinka seedlings; as they grow and are consumed in June-July, they can also be planted with seeds in the ground. Pekinka is very fond of moisture, and Pekinka is very fond of slugs and various cabbage pests. When planted early, the first Peking crop suffers less from pests, and the second crop is eaten by pests more often, using our climate in Mordovia as an example.​

Tatiana

Lyudmila Uleyskaya, Yalta

​Very interesting recipe, thank you very much!​

Natasha, Russia

​And I can eat it even without anything. Just cut, sprinkle with spices and pour over oil. Tasty too).​

Vera, Biysk

​Magician​

Svetlana, Rostov-on-Don

​The following “procedures” should be included in your care:​

Natalya, Ekaterinburg

​discussion of the peculiarities of growing vegetable crops​

Svetlana, Rostov-on-Don

When planting in the ground, do not disturb the roots of the seedlings;

Natalya, Ekaterinburg

Many people know that cabbage is very healthy! But everyone knows that Chinese cabbage is even healthier. In terms of the content of nutrients, it is ahead of a number of familiar varieties of cabbage, and for those who want to lose weight and look younger, it is irreplaceable! Gardens of Russia present a series of programs on gardening, a review of plant varieties and species, interviews with leading experts: agronomists, botanists, ecologists, gardeners. The famous Russian gardening expert Alexander Sidelnikov talks in detail and interestingly about plants in his programs. You can see the best excerpts from a series of his works on the video channel of the magazine “Kalitka”, in the DPS application “Kalitka” for iPad, and also watch the full cycle of Alexander Sidelnikov’s programs on the “AgroTV” channel. Enjoy watching!​

​It is better to plant seedlings in the place where legumes, grains, potatoes and carrots grew last year, but it is better not to plant Chinese cabbage in places where radishes and tomatoes grow.​

​Add a little fertilizer to the prepared holes and then water generously. Transplantation must be carried out carefully so as not to damage the root system of the seedlings. First, the plants need to be watered in the morning and evening so that the seedlings take root faster. Then watering should be done once a day and only with warm water. After this, the soil must be loosened.

​Please tell me, is it not necessary to bleach it like lettuce? And then in the photo all the heads of cabbage are bright green, but on sale they are light, almost white... After all, if you bleach, then the leaves will turn out more tender and tastier?​

​Vera, thank you for your answer. We'll try))​

Natasha, Russia

​Last year I decided to grow Chinese cabbage, but, unfortunately, it didn’t work out ((I’ll try again this year. Last edited on March 23, 2014, 22:41​

Olga V., Omsk

​And today I chopped more cucumbers and tomatoes there. I liked it too)). In general, whatever you have enough imagination for, it’s delicious)))​

Tatiana

Marina Dolgova, Mariupol

Loosening and watering

Marina Dolgova, Mariupol

Tatyana, Bendery

​do not thicken the crops;​

Marina Dolgova, Mariupol

​Production: Agro-TV Commissioned by: Gardens of Russia Author and presenter: Alexander Sidelnikov​

Marina Dolgova, Mariupol

​In the spring-summer period, the seedling method of growing cabbage crops is widely used, but in the summer-autumn period it is better to use the sowing method.​

Marina Dolgova, Mariupol

If the plants have grown well, it is better not to fertilize. If they are rather weak, they need to be fed with urea at the rate of 20 g per 10 liters of water. The harvest can already be obtained in 30-40 days. For storage, heads of cabbage should be dug up along with the root. The storage location should be cool.​

Marina Dolgova, Mariupol

​The leaves of cabbage grown in greenhouse conditions are white. The leaves in the garden will be green from sufficient sunlight and just as tender and juicy, so there is no need to specially bleach them.​

​I would like to report on the Nika variety. An excellent variety, not a single bush went to waste, heads of cabbage up to 1500 kg. Vera was right, the leaves are not hard and are stored well, they are still in the refrigerator. I planted using two methods (just in case): seedlings and the non-seedling method directly in the exhaust zone. The non-seedling method is more convenient.​

​I planted it only once and gave up... the leaves turned out much rougher than those purchased, I don’t know why

​By the way, thank you for telling me about the soil. I completely forgot about this when writing the post.​

Olga, Samara

​Manoko​

Vera, Biysk

Loosening the row spacing will provide oxygen access to the roots, which is necessary to improve metabolic processes. In addition, this will facilitate the flow of moisture to them when watering. You need to water it like regular cabbage. Make sure that the soil does not turn into a swamp, where diseases readily develop and heads of cabbage rot - water should not stagnate around them.​

Olga, Samara

​=))) Hello everyone!​

Olga, Samara

​Plant plants in fertile soil, apply fertilizers in a timely manner.​

Tatiana

Chinese cabbage is an annual, cold-resistant crop that is grown as a salad plant. The lower leaves are collected in a dense rosette, sessile, entire, 15-30 cm long. The leaf blade is wrinkledly swollen to varying degrees, light green, yellow-green, green, somewhat shiny or with a faint waxy coating, pubescent to varying degrees. Plants are harvested in the rosette and head phase. The heads of cabbage are short-oval, cylindrical, long-oval, loose or dense in shape. It is not difficult to grow it, and throughout the summer. Chinese cabbage produces marketable products very quickly (in 25-30 days), so it is indispensable when grown as a compactor for other vegetable crops. Salad, okroshka, and soups are prepared from it. To use Chinese cabbage in autumn, the seeds are sown in early July. To obtain an earlier harvest, Chinese cabbage is grown under film cover. Chinese cabbage can be grown through seedlings - then you will get the harvest 25-30 days earlier. It can withstand temperatures down to -5°C. Therefore, seedlings can be planted in the Middle Volga region as early as late April-early May. It is advisable to place 12-15 plants (30x25 cm) per square meter. She loves fertile soil with a high nitrogen content. Responds well to fertilizing with complex fertilizers. No special knowledge is needed to grow this crop. Make a “green conveyor”, plant it after 10 days. And you will always have a beautiful and tasty vegetable on your table. Peking cabbage with its roots is harvested when the rosette of leaves or head of cabbage is fully formed. Plants need to be harvested dry when the dew has disappeared. When used as a compactor, Chinese cabbage is removed when it begins to interfere with the care of the main crop (at the age of 25-40 days). In autumn, Chinese cabbage is harvested before the air temperature drops sharply. Heads of Chinese cabbage are suitable for transportation and are well stored for 2-2.5 months.​

Olga, Samara

Vera, Biysk

Chinese cabbage, like any other vegetable crop, is susceptible to pests, so it is necessary to take measures to protect it. After planting, ash should be sprinkled around the seedlings to protect them from flea beetles. When slugs and snails appear, you need to prepare a mixture: 2 tbsp for 0.5 cans of ash. spoons of salt, ground pepper and dry mustard. If a cabbage butterfly was noticed above the cabbage, then you need to check the lower leaves for the presence of a colony of eggs and remove them immediately.

Tatiana

​Good day everyone! I planted a Pekin plant (I don’t remember which one) with seedlings. To the greenhouse for an early harvest. The leaves were emerald green! Juicy! I made cabbage soup - delicious!!! We ate two pekinka bushes all summer until frost!!! I cut several sheets for cooking. I didn’t see the head of cabbage, but I didn’t have any bets on it either. True, it takes up a lot of space... this year I will plant it in the ground, it’s a pity to give up space in the greenhouse for cabbage!!!))) I want to try it with seedlings, for summer use and in the ground in July for storage!​

Anna, Insar

​Thank you, Olga!​

​Maybe it depends on the variety?​

Olga, Samara

​I liked your post: you see how I rated it, all the points for you from me.​

Anna, Insar

Olga, Samara

​Thinning of seedlings​

Elena Stolpovskaya, Kaliningrad

​I haven’t been here for a long time, so don’t be surprised that the title is so outlandish))).​

By sowing Chinese cabbage in the spring, you can get a harvest of greenery in the first half of summer. To do this, it is recommended to grow seedlings.​

​A. Tyuzhnaya

Anna, Insar

​When grown in spring and summer, Chinese cabbage seeds must be sown in cassettes with a cell size of 3x3 cm.​

Borimechkova Natalia, Malakhovka

​http://youtu.be/Ke9A1JDxOsQ​

Anna, Insar

​Thanks for the article. Last season I had experience growing Chinese cabbage. I bought 3 seedlings at the market (I didn’t take any risks) and planted them under non-woven covering material along with regular early cabbage. They were born beautifully - more than a kilogram each, but inside there were baby slugs. It was not very pleasant, although we washed it and ate it. Is it possible to get rid of this scourge?

Olya, Ryazan

​I take note, I need to plant this variety next year...​

​I planted it, it grows quickly, but only treated it with ash for pests?​

​Thank you =)​

​Nika​

​Relevant when planting cabbage directly into the ground. However, for seedlings too. Thin out twice: when two leaves appear (leaving a distance of 7 cm between plants) and when the seedlings grow a little, after 10 days, leaving 20-40 cm between plants.

​Moreover, I really love Chinese cabbage and can eat it almost every day in the form of a salad.​

​In the second ten days of April​

​In friendship with the Russian cucumber​

​It is necessary to sow seeds for seedlings in mid-late March, and to plant ready-made seedlings in open ground no earlier than the end of April.​

Peking cabbage planting and care