Begonia is grown to decorate a garden, park, square or apartment. When begonia blooms, it looks very pretty because of its abundant flowering, and is easy to care for. In order for the plant to continue flowering as long as possible, it is important to provide it with proper care. Amateur flower growers should know what begonia looks like, when it blooms, how it reproduces, and what care it needs.
Brief description of the plant
Begonia can be different; there are varieties of herbaceous plants that do not exceed three centimeters, as well as shrubs with rather high branches.
Some begonia species have no stem or only one leaf. The foliage of the plant is green, the reverse side is covered with a single color or with spots and patterns.
It blooms with bright flowers in different warm shades. The flowers resemble rose petals or carnations in appearance. Flowering occurs at the beginning of summer and continues until autumn. Indoor begonia blooms longer than plants growing outside. The home flowerpot blooms from May to late autumn.
According to their decorative properties, all types of begonias are divided into deciduous and flowering. Deciduous varieties are valued because they have beautiful colors and interesting foliage shapes. They bloom with small flowers, which are most often torn off.
Flowering begonias have petals of different shades, shapes and sizes.
According to the structure of the rhizomes, begonias are:
- tuberous, which shed their upper part in the winter and hibernate;
- rhizomatous, which form a good powerful root system. The shoots do not die off during the winter, but the plant needs rest;
- plants whose root system grows superficially. In ever-flowering flowerpots, rhizomes develop quickly.
At home, flower growers grow royal, ampelous or elatior.
Royal begonias have large, patchy dark green, brown or red leaves. An ornamental deciduous plant can have leaves in the shape of a heart or a snail's spiral.
In ampelous begonia, the shoots hang down and bloom with white, yellow and other shades of flowers. Flowering occurs throughout the entire growth period.
Begonia elatior is grown only at home. It has thin red shoots that must be tied to a support. This variety blooms in autumn and blooms during the winter. Blooms in white, yellow, red, orange shades. The plant has glossy rounded leaves, 5 centimeters in diameter.
Features of plant care
In order for begonia to bloom profusely and for a long time, it is important to create the right growing conditions. With timely watering and feeding, a plant at home can delight the eye with flowering almost throughout the year. In addition, it needs protection from pests. If you neglect the rules of caring for a flower, it may suffer from rot or another dangerous disease.
Blooming begonia loves bright light. Therefore, it must be grown on windowsills with good lighting. In summer, it is recommended to shade the plant from direct sunlight. Since the sun can burn the beautiful leaves and flowers of the flowerpot.
In extreme summer heat, the plant needs abundant watering. But it is important to ensure that water does not accumulate in the pan, as it can cause rotting of the roots. Water the flower with settled water. Watering is carried out when the soil has dried out.
In winter, watering is reduced. Tuberous varieties of begonias go dormant in winter, so they stop watering them altogether. Instead of watering, they are placed in a pot with peat.
As soon as the plant begins to bloom, you can start feeding it. Fertilize the flower once every two weeks. Nitrogen fertilizers can only be used for deciduous varieties, as they improve growth but reduce flowering.
Features of plant transplantation
Soil for planting begonias can be purchased at a special store. But if you wish, you can do it yourself:
- It is recommended to cover the bottom of the pot with a layer of sand, which will serve as drainage.
- Fill the pot halfway with leaf soil.
- Mix peat with black soil in equal proportions.
- Add the resulting mixture to the leaf soil.
With the right soil for the plant, it will grow actively and bloom profusely.
Begonia is replanted as needed, in early spring. If the entire pot is completely filled with the roots of the bush, they begin to poke out. In this case, it is already necessary to carry out a transplant.
Begonia transplant procedure:
- Buy a slightly larger pot than the old container.
- Carefully remove the plant from the old pot.
- Clean the roots well from peat.
- Place the begonia in water mixed with potassium permanganate for a couple of hours.
- After a while, cut off the rotten parts of the roots.
- When the roots are completely dry after drying, place the plant in a pot and cover with prepared soil.
After the transplant procedure, water the pot well and place it on a windowsill that does not receive much sun. Once the plant has acclimated to the new pot, it can be moved to its permanent growing location. It will take one month for the begonia to fully take root in the new container.
Protection from diseases and pests
If the soil of a flower is too wet, it may suffer from powdery mildew or other fungal disease. In order to detect the disease in time and save the plant, you should carefully examine it from time to time, especially in the area of the core of the bush and the lower leaves. It is in these places that rot most often accumulates and powdery mildew starts. If rot is detected, reduce watering and remove the affected parts of the flower. This way, prevent the fungus from spreading throughout the plant.
Begonia is propagated using leaf cuttings, stems, and dividing bushes. But in order for the plant to take root and bloom successfully in the allotted time, it is important to take into account its type and variety. Since some flowers are propagated only by dividing the bush, and some only by cuttings from leaves. To propagate a tuberous begonia variety, you need to purchase seeds or have tubers.
Propagation by cuttings
In spring or summer, begonia can be propagated using the cutting procedure:
- From a healthy plant, cut a cutting 7 centimeters long.
- Plant the cut stem in sand mixed with peat in a 3:1 ratio.
- Place the container with the planting in a dark place.
- After a couple of months, the plant will take root and begin to grow successfully.
To propagate begonia from leaf cuttings, choose a healthy, vigorous plant. Dig the cutting into the soil so that the leaf does not touch the top layer of soil. Until the leaf takes root, it is recommended to keep the container with it in a dark room.
Propagation by seeds
Begonia propagates by seeds from December to early March. The seeds are sown in an even layer in leaf soil mixed with peat and sand. When sowing, each seed should be lightly pressed into the soil. In two weeks the first shoots will begin to appear.
It is important to distribute the seedlings into different containers. After some time, young, strong plants are transplanted into separate pots with properly selected soil. If begonias are healthy and growing successfully, you can see them blooming already in mid-summer. Before winter, the plant tuber will be fully formed. In autumn, the tubers are buried in sand or peat for winter storage. Store at a temperature no higher than 10 degrees Celsius. In spring, the tubers are replanted in pots with updated soil.
The procedure for propagating begonias by tubers:
- In the fall, carefully remove the tubers from the soil.
- Trim the foliage.
- Clean the roots well from the soil.
- Carefully separate the tuber into pieces.
- Place the finished tuber particles in peat so that they do not dry out.
- After some time, transplant the tubers into pots with sandy soil and water them moderately.
It will take a long time for a tuberous begonia to germinate. The beginning of the germination process will be indicated by the emerging shoots and roots.
Problems during cultivation
It often happens that begonia does not want to bloom. This problem occurs when:
- insufficient lighting;
- improperly selected soil;
- improper transplantation;
- not timely fertilization;
- absence of a rest period;
- too dry air;
- pest damage;
- severe drying of the soil or watering with hard water.
In order for begonia to start blooming again, it is necessary to change the growing conditions.
Sometimes a begonia cannot bloom due to age or an incorrectly planted plant. If the shrub does not bloom, it may be a variety with decorative leaves. Decorative deciduous begonias have beautiful leaves of large or small sizes, with an exquisite shape and pattern. Often the stems of such plants are creeping, and the foliage rises high on elongated cuttings. Decorative deciduous begonias do not bloom, but there are varieties of this species that bloom very few small flowers.
If you decide to grow begonia in a flowerbed, be sure to keep in mind that it does not tolerate frost. Therefore, it is recommended to plant in open ground or take pots out into the fresh air in April or May. It is recommended to grow the flower in a flower bed well lit by the sun. But you should protect it from drought. If the plant is planted in shade or partial shade, it will develop slowly and not bloom very profusely.
Begonia grown in open ground blooms from June to September. If you have time to transplant the plant into a pot before the onset of frost and bring it into a warm room, it will continue to bloom for another two to three months. You need to water the outdoor flower when the top layer of soil becomes dry.
To decorate flower beds and borders, flower growers plant Illumination, Nonstop, Chanson. The Illumination variety is planted in balcony boxes and flowerpots, as it has weeping stems. The Nonstop variety has erect stems reaching a height of 20 centimeters. It blooms with large yellow flowers. The hanging variety Chanson has beautiful cascading double flowers reaching 6 centimeters in diameter.
Now you know when begonia blooms, how it is grown, and also how long it can bloom. In order for the plant to bloom abundantly and for a long time, it is important to provide it with all comfortable conditions. Replant, water, feed in a timely manner. Propagate if necessary. Begonia should also be protected from pests and diseases. Since they can lead to the fact that the flower stops blooming and may even die.
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Maria Yastrebova 07/18/2014 | 2840
With good care, begonia can grow into a real beauty. Let's talk about the propagation and flowering of this plant, as well as how to properly maintain it in an apartment or on a balcony.
Begonia propagation methods
This plant can be propagated in 3 ways: cuttings, tubers and seeds. Recently, breeders have developed many varieties of hybrid begonia with inflorescences of different shapes and colors. Seeds Begonias are very small; for ease of sowing, they are often sold in the form of granules (treated with a soluble compound that improves seed germination).
You can propagate begonia and from tubers. But if the plant’s conditions are not suitable, flowering will be difficult or even impossible to achieve. Tubers take quite a long time to germinate - about 2 weeks. During this period, the plant must be watered very moderately so that the tuber does not begin to rot.
Another way to propagate begonias is cuttings. The best time for this is autumn and spring. You need to cut a fairly long cutting, then place it in a container of water until it sends out roots. After the roots appear, the young plant can be transplanted into the ground. For indoor begonias, a mixture for beautiful flowering plants and Saintpaulias is suitable. You need to make a small depression in the soil (it is better to use a shallow but fairly wide pot), water the soil, plant the cutting in it and cover it with the remaining soil. After this, the plant should be watered a little more. Begonias usually take root quite well. Therefore, propagation by cuttings is considered the most reliable and fastest method.
Caring for indoor begonia
Begonias do not like open sun and heat. This plant feels most comfortable in partial shade if grown on a balcony or window where the sun is early in the morning or at sunset. South windows are not suitable for begonias. When growing begonias at home, it is important to ensure that the soil in the pot does not become waterlogged, otherwise the flower will not grow well and the roots may rot. Begonias age quickly, so you need to regularly remove old shoots to allow new ones to grow. Every 2 years, indoor begonia can be propagated by cuttings.
What to do to make begonia bloom?
First of all, cuttings should be planted in a small shallow pot, otherwise the plant will devote all its energy to growing green mass, and you may never see flowering. If the plant has too many buds, it may begin to drop them, in which case you can try regulate flowering– remove a certain number of buds.
A begonia may look healthy but not bloom. In this case it can be feed– preferably a composition containing microelements rather than nitrogen fertilizer. You can also try move the plant to another window, conditions in the new location may be more favorable.
Ampelous begonia can bloom beautifully in a hanging pot if you successfully place it on the balcony so that the sun illuminates the plant in the morning or evening. Ampelous begonia is the most fragile; it may not tolerate the summer heat if the temperature rises above 30°C.
It happens that heat catches begonia in bloom and the plant withers before our eyes. It is better to cut several cuttings of begonia that are disappearing and put them in water, and then plant them when the heat subsides. The second way is to remove shoots with flowers, all excess shoots and often spray the plant with water until the temperature again becomes comfortable for it.
is the name of a genus of plants from the family of the same name. It can be herbaceous, semi- or shrubby. All representatives of the genus have asymmetrical leaves with a strongly indented leaf blade. It transforms during the flowering period. After pollination, buds of different colors and shades open on the flower stalks.
On a note. All the flowers are bright and have an irregular shape. They are same-sex and monoecious. Some begonias are tuberous, while others have a rhizome, but the fruit is always a capsule.
Begonias were first talked about in Europe at the end of the seventeenth century. Then scientists unexpectedly came across evergreen begonia in the New World, and a little later - royal begonia. A tuberous plant was discovered in the jungles of South America.
Features of the flowering period
The duration and characteristics of flowering at home depend on how the owner cares for the green pet. You will learn about proper cultivation of begonia at home in.
Experienced flower growers can enjoy begonia flowering for six months to a year. After prolonged flowering, it needs rest, after which the plant is gradually awakened and soon enjoys bright buds.
Many people plant the plant in mid-February so that the first buds form at the end of April and bloom in May. In this case, it pleases with an abundance of buds until October.
How does this happen at home?
Begonia blooms profusely and brightly. Its flowers are luxurious, similar to the buds of peonies, roses or carnations. They can be terry or simple, large or small. They gather in racemose axillary inflorescences that form at the tips of the shoots. The perianth is formed by 2-5, and sometimes 6-8 petals.
Flowering process:
- At the beginning of development, all female flowers are cut off and fed three times a month.
- Flowering begins immediately after the possibility of pollination appears in a developed flower, i.e. its parts become accessible and free to influence pollination factors.
- Soon a yellow, red or orange flower will bloom (it can be single or multi-colored). The duration, as well as the flowering period itself, depends on how the grower cares for the begonia and whether pollination occurs.
- As the flowers fade, seed pods form.
For long-term flowering, feed the flower once a week with complex mineral fertilizers (Good Power, Bona Forte). Before adding them, feed it with a weak solution of potassium nitrate. Read more about how to feed a plant for abundant flowering.
Important! Fertilizers with a high nitrogen content are often not applied: they are harmful. To prolong flowering, faded flowers are trimmed.
Not all begonias have fragrant flowers. Bauman's begonia smells. It has a unique smell, and besides, it has healing properties. It cleanses the bronchi and increases the vitality of the respiratory tract. Read about the beneficial and harmful properties of this plant, and we talked about whether it can be kept at home and what it is for.
Begonia maculata:
Begonia Volumia: 
Begonia Baby Wing: 
Begonia Bada Boom: 
Begonia Ray: 
The necessary conditions
In order for your beauty to bloom at home, you need to take care of it in a certain way. The plant requires the following conditions:
- No drafts. You cannot place the pot so that it is blown from all sides. Tuberous begonias have fragile shoots. They break in strong winds. To avoid this, protect the plant from its blows. Without fulfilling this condition, the flowers are not surprised.
- Good ventilation. There is no need for air stagnation. For normal development, begonias provide a constant flow of fresh air.
- Lighting. Flowering specimens need bright light. Direct sunlight is contraindicated for them, as they cause burns on the leaves. It is better to place the pot on a western or eastern window.
- Temperature. In the summer months the temperature should be +21-23⁰С, and in winter – +15-18⁰С.
- Air humidity. Begonia loves high humidity, but should not be sprayed. If water from the spray bottle gets on the leaves, brown spots will appear on them. To solve the moisture problem, place the plant on an inverted tray. This structure is placed on a larger pallet. Expanded clay and moss are sprinkled around its circumference, onto which water is sprayed from a spray bottle from time to time.
- . It should be plentiful on hot days. Do not allow moisture to stagnate in the pot. During the winter months no watering is required as the tubers are placed in peat.
- . During flowering, feed the plants three times a month.
Sometimes it happens that indoor begonia does not bloom, but only produces foliage - let’s look at why this happens at home.
- Sometimes gardeners place a pot of begonia in direct sunlight and forget about watering. After a while they notice that she is wasting away. The main condition that is observed if you want to see a flowering plant on the windowsill is abundant watering. You will learn important nuances of caring for a flower in a pot.
- For prevention, water it with a weak solution of manganese or fungicides to prevent the development of fungal diseases.
- If you do not feed begonia with mineral fertilizers, the tuber will develop poorly and the flowers will fall off.
- The absence of flowers is caused by a substrate and pot that are incorrectly selected in composition and size. You will learn about choosing a pot and caring for a flower in a flowerpot.
Reference. Tuberous begonia blooms after a period of dormancy. To do this, it sheds leaves in the fall and acquires new ones in the spring.
Before looking for a way to make begonia bloom, they look for the reason for the lack of buds.
Identifying the cause helps to change the care and return everything to normal.
What to do and how to make the plant produce flowers?
Begonia is a plant that will never bloom if gardeners have not created all the conditions for it to have a dormant period. She doesn't like being woken up early.
On a note. You cannot move the pot from place to place when it has gained color.
Experienced gardeners are reconsidering plant care in the absence of ovary. They pay attention to:
- lighting;
- temperature;
- watering (you will learn how and what to water begonia in);
- air humidity.
Sometimes all the parameters from the list above are met. In this case, the problem is more “deep” - when replanting, the soil is selected at random. They end up with non-nutritious soil. The soil must be loose and nutritious. in a mixture of sand, peat, humus, turf and leaf soil helps restore flowering.
Conclusion
- a beautiful plant that decorates parks and squares, apartments and gardens (you will learn about caring for garden begonia, and read how to care for a houseplant). It is especially transformed during flowering, but the ovary does not always appear. Flower growers do not follow the basic rules of care and do not provide peace in autumn and winter (read about caring for begonias in winter). By sounding the alarm in a timely manner and identifying the cause of the lack of ovary, everything can be corrected.
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Often, inexperienced flower growers, when purchasing a bush of flowering begonia, are faced with the problem of the short-lived joy of enjoying bright flowering. Flower growers are wondering why the begonia is not blooming, because in the store the indoor plant looked very elegant, decorated with delicate flowers.
Why did begonia stop blooming?
The most common reasons for the lack of flowering of a bush at home are:
- Errors in begonia agricultural technology;
- Inappropriate microclimate;
- Incorrect plant identification;
- Flower pests;
- Diseases of indoor crops.
Errors in begonia agricultural technology
Often, inexperienced gardeners show excessive enthusiasm when growing indoor plants. One should take into account the fact that flowering itself serves as confirmation of proper care and professionalism of the grower.
Beginning owners of green collections have insufficient knowledge about the agricultural technology of begonias. As a result, plants lose their decorative properties, do not enter the flowering phase, or drop their buds. Further non-compliance with the rules of cultivation and care at home can even lead to the death of the plant.
Successful agricultural technology for begonias consists of the following points:
- Optimal watering regime;
- Planting in an appropriate substrate;
- Correct choice of lighting;
- Maintaining ambient temperature;
- Appropriate humidity level;
- Application of mineral fertilizers.
Deviation from the requirements for cultivating indoor plants entails disruption of the vegetative phases of development, lack of flowering, and death of the specimen. Natives of the tropics and subtropics have low resistance of the root system to pathogenic bacteria. Also, some garden pests can adversely affect the development of begonias.
Recreating the microclimate for begonias
Creating a tropical forest microclimate on a home windowsill is a completely feasible task even for novice gardeners.
It is important to remember the basic requirements, the fulfillment of which contributes to obtaining a harmonious flowering specimen:
- Lighting for begonias;
- Air temperature and humidity;
- Optimal watering regime.
The tropical climate is characterized by constant temperature and humidity. Begonias with pubescent leaves grow in the diffuse shade of tall trees, which prevents water from getting on the leaf blades and flowers. Tropical understory plants are exposed to the rays of the rising and setting sun. In the midday heat, begonia leaves are protected by the shade of trees.
Creating similar conditions at home will not be difficult if you place a flowerpot with a plant on windows facing east or west. Otherwise, the plants are shaded from the burning rays of the sun.
Begonias are able to grow on the windowsills of northern windows without entering the flowering phase.
Incorrect lighting of begonias most often leads to:
- Sunburn of leaves:
- Formation of petioles that are too long;
- Lack of plant flowering.
The presence of one of the above symptoms indicates the need to change the lighting regime of the herbaceous bush. The problem is solved by shading the begonia on the south window and organizing artificial lighting in a room with a north orientation.
The optimal air temperature range for begonias is +22+24°C during the period of active growth and +19+22°C during the resting phase. Favorable humidity level is 60-70%. Particular attention should be paid to air humidification during the heating season.
Moisture that gets on the developing buds or flowers causes irreparable harm to the flowering of the indoor plant. Sudden changes in air temperature are a stress factor for begonias, as are destructive drafts.
The flow of cool air leads to hypothermia of the root system and loss of moisture from the leaf plates.
Dry air is moistened by irrigation from a spray bottle near the flowerpot. A container of water placed in close proximity to the begonia also effectively increases humidity. It is recommended to place a damp cloth on radiators during the winter season. Household air humidifiers have also proven themselves well.
Improper watering of a houseplant can result in begonias not blooming at home. The method of watering begonias depends on their type. Tuberous and root begonias require different watering. Tropical crops react extremely negatively to excessive waterlogging of the substrate and overdrying of the soil in the flowerpot.
It is extremely important to remove excess water from the pan to avoid acidification of the soil.
Water for irrigation requires preliminary preparation. Tap water must be left to stand for three days in an open container to remove the chlorine it contains. Most city water supplies supply hard water with high levels of salts. This water needs to be boiled for five minutes.
It is important to prevent water from getting on the petioles and leaves of the begonia during watering.
Violation of the watering regime most often entails:
- Root rot;
- Spots on leaf blades;
- Dropping flowers and buds;
- Lack of flowering;
- Wilting of leaves.
The presence of one of the above symptoms indicates a violation of the watering regime. Understanding the source of the problem allows you to correctly determine what to do to correct agricultural mistakes.
Specialized retail outlets sell a soil mixture for begonias containing an optimal set of microelements. Young specimens are replanted annually after the flowering phase is completed. Fertilizing should be done depending on the vegetative phase.
Begonias are not fertilized during the dormant period. At the beginning of active growth, a complex of mineral fertilizers with a predominant nitrogen content is applied.
The fertilizer mixture is changed after the begonia has grown a sufficient amount of green mass. Flowering species need a potassium-phosphorus complex to awaken flower buds and maintain the flowering process. The application of fertilizers that do not correspond to the vegetative phase causes a lack of flowering and the formation of too lush greenery.
Begonia misidentification
Beginning gardeners, purchasing a compact flowering bush, expect continued flowering at home. However, flowers often wilt and new buds do not form. The first reason for this is the stress of acclimatization to new microclimate conditions.
You should pay attention to the size of your new indoor plant. The stems of adult begonias have at least five to six internodes.
Flowering of young seedlings with shorter stems indicates early flowering caused by special stimulants.
A flowering bush has a greater chance of being sold, which encourages specialists to carry out targeted processing of specimens.
Most tuberous begonias are ornamental flowering plants. This species requires proper wintering. Plant tubers are easily affected by putrefactive bacteria. The above-ground herbaceous bush gradually fades after flowering.
The tubers are removed from the planting substrate and placed in a peat mixture. The container with tubers is placed in a dark, cool room. Experienced gardeners assure that if everything is done correctly, the tubers are perfectly preserved until spring and quickly grow green after planting in flowerpots.
Peat is an excellent disinfectant that protects tubers from damage by pathogenic bacteria. Planting material is treated with a weak solution of potassium manganese before planting in a permanent place.
It is necessary to distinguish between decorative-leaved and decorative-flowering types of begonias, so as not to expect flowering from a variety with decorative foliage.
Decorative foliage begonias are often root species. The attention of gardeners is attracted by the bright large foliage, which makes the plants attractive throughout the year.
Often the leaf plates are decorated with variegated patches of contrasting color. Large leaves are crowned with long, fleecy sepals that grow directly from the buds of a creeping rhizome.
The flowering of decorative leafy begonias has no aesthetic value. Experienced gardeners recommend removing flower stalks to free the plant from unnecessary stress.
Begonia flower pests
Infestation of a houseplant by flower pests can cause a lack of flowering. The vegetation of the tropical bush is disrupted, since all types of pests feed on the sap or tissue of the begonia. A careful examination of the leaves and petioles allows us to determine that the specimen has been attacked by pests.
Most often begonias are affected by:
- Spider mite.
Aphids live on the lower part of leaf blades and look like a light coating to the naked eye. Under a magnifying glass, you can see microscopic insects with a light green or whitish color.
Thin webbing on the bottom of leaves may indicate the presence of spider mites. It is recommended to carefully remove the affected parts of the plant, and then carry out preventive treatment of the begonia.
The problem is solved through the use of insecticides. Chemicals are sold by specialized retail outlets. The above-ground part of the plant is treated according to the instructions on the package. You should remember personal safety precautions.
Sometimes the cause of plant death is soil contaminated with nematodes. Rehabilitation of the affected specimen is almost impossible. Nematodes belong to the class of protozoa. Experienced gardeners recommend getting rid of the soil along with the specimen and the flowerpot.
Diseases of indoor begonias
Often, the absence of flowering serves as an alarming signal that the plant is affected by fungus or rot. Tropical crops do not tolerate violations of the watering regime or improper agricultural practices in the dormant phase.
Tuberous begonias are most often affected by rot when wintering too cold.
Before planting tubers in flowerpots, you should carefully inspect the planting material and remove the affected parts to healthy tissue.
The sections are treated with disinfectants.
Sometimes rot affects the above-ground part of the plant. The reason for this is waterlogging of the substrate or waterlogging of the soil. It is important to control the humidity of the substrate and not water the specimen until the top layer of soil dries. Soil waterlogging occurs when the drainage layer is of poor quality.
The drainage mixture should occupy at least a quarter of the volume of the planting container. Expanded clay and broken brick cannot be used as drainage filler, as these materials accumulate moisture. You should pay attention to the number and size of drainage holes in the bottom of the flowerpot.
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