How is the brightness of LED lights measured or What do all these numbers mean? What are lumens in LED lamps and what do they mean? How to choose the right LED lamp

With the newest versions of iOS (starting with iOS 10), your wonderfully useful iPhone flashlight can be dimmed, with three LED brightness options. It's really cool that the iPhone, as well as many dedicated LED flashlights, have a similar ability to adjust the light intensity.

The iPhone flashlight most often acts as a camera flash on the back of the phone. Many people already know about this, but I'm always surprised by the number of people who don't know that this same flash can be used as a flashlight. This feature is easily accessible from the Control Center. It is this flashlight function that can now adjust the brightness.

Please note that that all iPhone models running some unspecified new version of iOS have a flashlight feature, but the ability to adjust the flashlight brightness is a new feature, limited to 3D models of iPhones running the latest versions of iOS.

How to Use iPhone Flashlight

Want to turn on your iPhone's flashlight? You can access this option from any app through Control Center.

You need to drag your finger from the bottom of the iPhone screen to access Control Center.

Tap the small flashlight icon to turn on the flashlight, tap it again to turn off the flashlight

Using the iPhone's flashlight is incredibly useful, but it drains your battery quickly, so use it as needed. If you want to use your iPhone's flashlight for an extended period of time, the brightness adjustment feature is especially important here, as choosing a lower brightness level will result in less battery consumption.

How to Adjust iPhone Flashlight Brightness

To adjust the intensity of the iPhone flashlight, you need an iPhone with a modern version of iOS 10.0 or later and 3D Touch capabilities, i.e. 6s, 7 or better.

Swipe down from the bottom of your iPhone to access Control Center as usual, then force-tap the flashlight icon to activate 3D Touch to access three brightness intensity options: High Light, Medium Light, Low Light and adjust the flashlight brightness iPhone.


You can adjust the brightness of the flashlight before or after turning on the flashlight; all you have to do is press the flashlight icon in Control Center.

For normal use, I always keep the Bright light setting, but for a situation where I'm going to be using the iPhone flashlight for an extended period of time, choosing a lower brightness setting makes more sense as it uses less power. The Low Light setting is also good if you are using a flashlight while reading a book, as it is not as intense as the Bright Light or Medium Light setting. Try them all and you will find a use for each option.

In recent years, approaches to organizing lighting in everyday life and public spaces have changed smoothly and painlessly. Now you won’t surprise anyone with LED lamps.

Stores sell LED and fluorescent lamps, but the buyer continues to keep in mind “power” as the main indicator for lighting sources. Prudent manufacturers, of course, indicate the power on the packaging of LED products, what this may mean. Should we focus on power and how to determine the correspondence between types of devices?

More information about the level of illumination that an LED light source produces can be found in the lumen output. Let's look at what lumens mean in LED lamps in this article.

What is a lumen

The concept of lumens was established by the international measurement system in the mid-twentieth century.

Lumens measure the amount of total light emitted by a source. The parameter is directly related to the concept of luxury, but there is a difference between them.

Expert opinion

Alexey Bartosh

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It is important to understand! Lumen is the total amount of light that a source is capable of emitting in all directions. Lux is intended to indicate how much light falls on a square meter of surface.

Therefore, if a lamp emitting 100 Lux illuminates 1 m2 of surface, then a flux of 100 Lux will fall on it. If the same light bulb shines in a room of 10 m2, then its illumination will be significantly lower. It is important to know that the calculations should take into account the entire luminous flux, in all directions.

Understanding this hides one of the advantages of LED devices over incandescent lamps and fluorescent devices that glow in all directions. For diode lamps, the lighting angle approaches 120 or 180 degrees. Using built-in or external lenses, beams of any width are obtained.


LED light bulb from inside

Conclusion: the light flux is directed and used in the desired direction, increasing its concentration.

Manufacturers actively use this feature when developing LED lamps installed instead of halogen and xenon d2s lamps in car headlights. They are cheaper than xenon, put less load on car electrics than halogen ones, and are not inferior in terms of illumination level.

Modern diodes are used to manufacture and replace 20 W lamps in side lights and 55 W lamps in car headlights.

Parameters that determine the luminous flux indicator and its calculation

Several indicators of luminous flux are important for human perception:

  • The amount of everything coming from a light source.
  • Wavelength. It determines how the eye perceives the brightness of light. Emission in the middle, green part of the spectrum appears brighter than the blue or red parts, given the same lamp power.
  • Color temperature is measured in Kelvin and must be indicated on product packaging and data sheets. The picture shows the color temperature scale and the color of the emitted light.

Note! Warm tones are perceived by the human eye as less bright than cool colors. When purchasing “warm” lamps, make a small margin in the direction of increasing the power to create comfortable conditions in the room.


Color temperature in comparison

How many lumens are in 1 W LED bulb?

Finding out the truthful answer to a question is not so easy. The fact is that manufacturers indicate power and luminous flux for LEDs, not light bulbs. Actual values ​​can only be measured with special instruments. You should focus on averages.

In general, when consuming 1 W of power, LEDs emit 90–100 lm. Expensive samples are capable of delivering 130–140 lumens per W.

LEDs producing 220 Lm/W have been obtained in laboratory conditions, but the devices are not produced on an industrial scale due to their high cost.

The built-in LED power driver reduces the efficiency, reducing the luminous flux to power ratio by 5–10%. It is important to take this into account when choosing and purchasing light sources.

Converting lumens to watts

For users who do not want to study the characteristics of electrical appliances and carry out calculations, there are many resources on the Internet with built-in calculators. It is enough to substitute the data provided by the manufacturer (lumens) and select the type of lamp to obtain the required power indicator.

Method for calculating illumination for premises

Calculating the required number of lighting fixtures uses a simple technique.

Calculations are carried out in two stages:

  • Calculation of the required luminous flux intensity.
  • Determining the number of lamps capable of providing the required illumination.

Formula for approximate calculation of lighting level, Lm.

Luminous flux = standard illumination indicator in lux (shown in the table) * room area in m2 * ceiling height coefficient.


Table 1. Illumination standards

For ceilings up to 2.7 m, a coefficient of 1 is applied, for room heights from 2.7 to 3 m - a coefficient of 1.2, from 3 to 3.5 m - 1.5.

Calculation example. In children's rooms, the illumination standard is set at 200 Lux. Room area 12 m2 Height 3.1 m - we use a coefficient of 1.2.

Multiplying 200 * 12 * 1.2, we get the required luminous flux of 2880 Lm.

Knowing the light indicator, choose devices capable of providing it. For the given room, one LED lamp with a power of 25–30 W, or three 10-watt sources, is sufficient.

Expert opinion

Alexey Bartosh

Specialist in repair and maintenance of electrical equipment and industrial electronics.

Ask a question to an expert

Important! To better illuminate the room, it is wise to use several lamps. This will illuminate the room evenly and get rid of shadows.

Comparative characteristics of an incandescent lamp and an LED lamp


Power usage of different types of light bulbs

When comparing technical characteristics, all parameters speak in favor of diode devices.

Table 2. Comparison of LED and LED characteristics.

The regularly decreasing price of LED lamps and the economic benefits of their use make the devices popular among buyers.

How many lumens are there in LEDs relative to other light sources?

Table 3. Average luminous flux indicators for different power consumption.

LED lamps from trusted manufacturers have undeniable advantages when used at home and in production. They are durable, economical, and quickly pay for themselves. The ability to choose any shade of light will make your stay in the room comfortable and safe.

I already have it, but I’ll try to supplement it a little with an application example.
The review contains a little theory, as well as a comparison of the brightness of a Chinese LED lens flashlight on an AA battery with an AA battery and this 14500 Li-Ion battery, as well as a similar flashlight, but on a 18650 Li-Ion battery.

Product provided free of charge by the store ChinaBuye

I’ll start with what many people know, but still: A regular AA battery, alkaline or salt, makes no difference, produces a voltage of 1.5 volts. A Ni-Cd or Ni-Mh AA battery has a voltage of 1.2 volts. Thus, devices powered by AA batteries in most cases work perfectly well on Ni-Cd/Ni-Mh batteries. Li-Ion batteries have a voltage of 3.7 volts, which is probably why these AA-size batteries are not widely used, because if they are inserted into devices designed for regular AA batteries, there is a high risk of damaging these devices.
I think the theory is enough, let’s move on to the hero of the review, and let’s start with the premise:



Due to the presence of a protection circuit, the length of this battery is 2 millimeters longer than an AA battery:
Weight is 21 grams:
I don’t have a smart charger, I only have this one: But the battery was given to a neighbor who was an amateur airplane modeller, who checked the real capacity using his iMAX B6 charger. The capacity was 870 mAh. The battery shows a capacity of 900 mAh. So Trustfire is honest batteries. The same cannot be said about UltraFire, but more on that some other time.
Well, it's time to move on to testing. I have 2 flashlights with identical LEDs: The left one is for 18650 LiIon, the right one is for AA. Let's compare the brightness:
Also on the right is a small flashlight with a new AA alkaline battery.
Now let’s replace the AA battery with a 14500 Li-Ion battery:
I think even from the photo you can see that it began to shine brighter. But that’s not even the main thing. When the flashlight is running on a battery, the voltage drops over time and with a slight decrease in voltage, the brightness drops quite noticeably. Using a Ni-Cd or Ni-Mh battery is almost pointless due to the low voltage (only 1.2 volts when fully charged).
When using a 14500 Li-Ion battery, the flashlight worked for 48 minutes (although the body heated up to 42 degrees) with virtually no change in brightness and turned off abruptly - the minimum battery voltage protection was triggered.
I am completely satisfied with the result, before I carried a fairly large and heavy flashlight to work with an 18650 LiIon battery, now its place will be taken by a small flashlight with the same brightness characteristics. And the big one has already moved into the car.

Let me take my leave of this, I hope the review will be useful.

5% discount coupon

P.S. After reading shpokel, specially disassembled my flashlight to check for the presence of a “hole”:

There are no “holes”, no paste either, but there are “caps” from the holes that can fall on the driver board and shorten something. The caps were removed. Added pasta.
So it’s useful to disassemble Chinese devices...

I'm planning to buy +18 Add to favorites I liked the review +18 +29

HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT LED FLASHLIGHT?

Reality shows that this question is far from idle!

Most of us - dear readers - believe that we have an idea of ​​what a flashlight is, what it should look like and how it should shine.

But over the past few years the situation has changed a lot.
We want to shed light :-) on this issue, and we hope that you will be pleasantly surprised by some of the capabilities of modern flashlights.

With the development of LED technology, a huge variety of flashlights have appeared on the market.

Starting from “Soyuzpechat” stalls and ending with fishing and hunting stores, where, unfortunately, even now, “noname-lanterns” are often found, visually similar to REAL ones but in practice, they cannot withstand absolutely any load during serious use.

This lantern looks like a real one (for example, in the photo) - but only while it is lying on the counter and not in use

In other words - with such a wide variety, the market today is flooded with fakes and it is IMPORTANT to understand how to distinguish a real flashlight from a “fake” one, and even more so - it is equally important to understand why you paid this or that amount of money when buying a flashlight.

If you figure it out, it's not that difficult:

the cost of fakes usually ranges from 150-300 to 800-1500 rubles - it is in this range that the price tag (along with the promise of 1000 lumens) usually “eclipses” common sense

Price range for real flashlights from - to

In the segment of more powerful (search) flashlights, the average price tag ranges from up to rub.

Also - PLEASE PAY YOUR ATTENTION to the fact that it is IMPORTANT to focus not so much on the cost, but on what specific characteristics of the flashlight are promised to you.

1) Flashlights costing 300-800 rubles, with supposedly 1000 lumens - clearly indicate that you are purchasing a low-quality and counterfeit product. As a rule, it lacks (which has already become a standard) the proper level of waterproofness, shock resistance and, most importantly, electronic filling that stabilizes brightness. At the same time, the main characteristic of a flashlight is light (power level), as a rule, it is at the level of 100-200, at best - 300 lumens (out of 1000 declared) since such “lanterns” are equipped with low-quality LEDs.

Thus, the ratio is 300-800 rubles. and the promise of 1000 lumens already indicates that such a purchase is not worth making.

And of course, it would be a good idea to inquire about the model of flashlight you have chosen in search engines in order to understand whether this flashlight was made at the factory, or whether it is a “rootless” noname fake.

2) It is also important to know that the capabilities of professional LEDs today already satisfy the assigned tasks with a margin, and for this reason - when buying a real flashlight, Don't rely on maximum numbers characteristics. Instead of this - will far not superfluous know and understand what do they mean main features of the flashlight, such as: power b ( Lumens Lm) And intensity (Candela Cd)- so as not to waste money in vain by overpaying for something that may not be necessary for you.

So, what you need to know first:
LUMENS, CANDELAS
(WORKING HOURS).

First of all, when purchasing, pay attention to its characteristics.
Most people make the mistake of considering ONLY POWER (measured in lumens (Lm)) without taking into account the equally important factor of INTENSITY beam (measured in candelas(Cd)).

The secret is that it is often important not quantity"Parrots" - (that is, lumen) the power of the luminous flux in the flashlight, but how they are distributed (focused) in the “optics” of the flashlight.

The light of a flashlight, as a rule, is directed into an optical system (reflector, TIR optics, glass, etc.) - which in turn distributes the output power in a predetermined way (pre-configured light pattern).
So, with the same power (i.e. number of lumens), “long-range” optics will blind the user at short distances, and the “flooding” pattern (wide flood light), due to its power and illumination width, will not allow the user to see objects in the distance.

For this reason, - when buying a flashlight, PAY YOUR ATTENTION to the number of declared CANDELAS (Cd) - i.e. intensity of the central beam of light. - the higher this indicator, the more focused the light of your flashlight

As a rule, for short and medium distances, 2,500 -10,000 Cd will be enough for you.

For powerful search tasks (and a beam range of 300-500 meters) a more intense luminous flux is required

30,000 - 70,000 Cd.

The power of the light flux can vary from 300 to 3,000 Lumens!

In this case, for example, 300 lumens will more than fulfill the task of a long-range flashlight, while 3000 lumens may turn out to be “just” - barely sufficient, in wide (flood) light.

WORKING HOURS

The laws of physics (as well as the form factor of batteries) impose some restrictions on the operation of flashlights.
Accordingly, there is a relationship between the power of the flashlight/battery capacity/and the declared operating time.
The more powerful the flashlight, the faster the battery energy is consumed.

Since modern flashlights have several operating modes (maximum, medium, etc.), it is important to know that today (as a rule) most flashlights are designed for 1.5-3 hours of operation in maximum mode.
But often (due to marketing reasons) manufacturers indicate operating time at minimum mode in order to impress you, dear users, and this “runtime” can reach several months, but at the same time, in maximum mode the flashlight will work the same one and a half to two hours .

So let's summarize:

*To Our Dear For users, we recommend that you arm yourself with this minimum amount of knowledge (this and ) about the perception of light at night in order to understand what kind of flashlight you need.

**To avoid being victim of the well-known saying: “the miser pays twice” - IMPORTANT to understand that REAL flashlights have good reasons why their cost usually starts from: High-quality electronics, accessories (button, contacts protected from oxide, quality of springs, etc. .), glass, coating, the body material itself, real water resistance and shock resistance - all these details are strikingly different, in terms of quality, from cheap fakes, despite the fact that noname flashlights at first look similar until they start to be used. Then the difference becomes obvious and the disappointment from a half-working device will overshadow your joy from saving money when buying a fake.

***And the last thing: - the site advises buying lanterns in trusted places, where the seller works directly with the manufacturer, and can offer you a lantern-making market, where they can competently explain to you what this or that lantern is.

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