Manufacturing of wooden spiral staircases. Making a wooden spiral staircase for your home with your own hands. Drawings and diagrams

In houses and apartments of more than one floor, it is impossible to do without a staircase. But it happens that there is very little free space, and you really need to climb up. In this case, a simple but stable spiral staircase can help. Some models are played up by modern designers so that they become not only a convenient lift, but also an excellent addition to the interior and spacious storage for useful and important little things.

Types and elements

Spiral staircases are so named due to their external resemblance to a screw. Starting on the top floor, such a staircase descends like a light serpentine ribbon. Decoration, functional addition and lightweight design that you can assemble yourself.

Spiral staircases have four main types, depending on the method of fastening the steps.

Axis + walls. For this design, the central axis is first installed - a pillar, pipe, or even just the connecting elements of the steps. The walls of the room located near the opening for the stairs are the most common method of fastening. Thus, the main load of the structure falls on the central pillar and walls of the room.
Cantilever mount. The main character is still the central axis – the wide pipe. The steps are attached to it using consoles. The walls of the room do not participate in this; the staircase can be located in the middle of the room, but the structure is quite stable, rigid and durable due to the cantilever fastening.

Bent bowstring + fencing. One of the most original and easiest options. Such designs usually create the illusion of floating in the air. In fact, a ladder with this type of fastening has an increased complexity of installation, while remaining quite strong and safe. There is no central axis on which the steps could rest. The main link of the entire structure is the spiral bowstrings - ribbon-shaped stringers. From these ornate strips, balusters rush upward, onto which the railings are attached. Or monolithic wide strips can be attached to the strings of the stairs, which also serve as a support-fence for a person.
This view is very similar to the second one - console mount, but is not one. This is a kind of prefabricated structure, the steps of which are strung on a casing support pipe with their narrow end. There are also no walls or any other additional support used here.

A circular staircase is a full-fledged descent and ascent structure, which, with its shape, ensures convenient and practical operation. If you look at it finished from the height of the second floor, you can see a drawing of the staircase. A cascading string of steps usually descends in an even circle with a minimum diameter. Sometimes you can see a polygon figure when the staircase rests on the central axis and walls of the room.

The original modular staircase is the same spiral design, only with a small turn. This is a design based on the installation of module stages on top of each other. There is also one central support, which is placed strictly in the middle of the spiral flight and gives the structure strength. However, such stairs are most often used in places where it is necessary to go upstairs infrequently.

It can be traumatic and uncomfortable.

Ready-made spiral staircase structures include the following basic components:

steps;
upper platform;
post for installing railings;
directly the railing;
the center pillar is the axis of the structure;
baluster posts that connect the turns of the staircase into a single structure;
second floor fencing.

The main points of the assembly are indicated by four nodes.

A mini-scheme for assembling spiral staircases looks like this:

node A – fastening the axial pipe to the second floor railings;
node B – the center pipe is connected to the stage console;
node B - washers and a sleeve are installed on the axis, which serve as a clamp for the consoles, and also serve for decorative design of the structure;
node G – combining the lower support center with the main pipe.

Advantages and disadvantages

Possessing originality, the spiral staircase has several undeniable advantages, which, however, are cleverly countered by tangible disadvantages.

Positive statements in favor of the ornate design on the second floor:

spiral staircases take up very little space, the most bulky design has a diameter of 2 meters, while the savings in usable space are also evident on the second floor;
ornate structures can act as service stairs when you don’t need to go upstairs very often, but you don’t want to purchase and install bulky or folding models;
low cost relative to standard marching structures;
often used as additional storage space and as room decor, its main highlight.

A private house is a private territory, where everything should be ideal for the owner, individually and tastefully selected. But there are moments when something went wrong and all the advantages of spiral staircases suddenly faded against the background of their disadvantages.

It is impossible to lift large items to the upper floor using them. Despite even the largest diameter, turning around on a serpentine staircase with a piece of furniture is a big problem.
Discomfort with constant use. Some may even feel dizzy when going down or up a structure that is too curved. For others, petal-shaped steps do not seem very comfortable for the foot: the foot can slip, which leads to unexpected injuries.

In any case, all the pros and cons of spiral staircases are the personal experience of each individual owner, so it is not worth fully asserting and guaranteeing that this option is the best or the worst.

Let's try to understand the materials from which spiral staircases are made.

Materials

Everything here is quite prosaic, as in most staircase structures. These can be models made entirely from one raw material, as well as combined ones. In some cases, there are combinations of several different materials. But let's look at the main ones now.

Wooden the spiral staircase is a classic of the genre. Simply because previously all lifting structures were made of this material. Despite the large number of curved lines, the wood fits very harmoniously into the image as a whole.
Ladder made of metal also comfortably settled in modern dwellings. Its significant disadvantage is the coldness of the metal, which is transmitted to bare feet during operation. But such designs show a high level of strength and durability. In addition, a metal spiral staircase has an excellent opportunity to become a bestseller, equipped with original forging.

Glass the design is quite rare, but creates the illusion of a staircase floating in the air. Most often, glass is present in combined models, acting as steps or fencing.
Concrete– everything has its head in modern buildings. Typically, solid concrete spiral staircases are laid at the design stage of the future home. As a rule, such models have the most cumbersome structure compared to the same ones, but made of wood.
Stone both natural and artificial, along with wood, is the most conservative material for the manufacture of spiral staircases. The design is quite heavy, so it is also often used in combined models.

Spiral staircases, in which two or more metals are connected, are not uncommon today. Such designs allow you to save a little and achieve the desired result. But they must be selected wisely and in accordance with the design of the living space in which the stairs will be installed.

For example, an iron support, wrought iron railings and wooden steps are perfect for classic and retro interior styles. All-metal structures will appeal to loft lovers. High-tech will harmoniously merge into a single whole with a glass and metal staircase.

For pompous and grotesque rooms, bulky structures made of concrete or stone will be a unique solution.

Shape selection

Another way to divide spiral staircases into subgroups is depending on the shape.

Despite the fact that the shape is already predetermined, it can have different variations:

spiral or circular - uniform turns are formed around the base pillar, has the same radius on each turn;
rectangular– when supported on an axis and on a wall, this form of staircase is often formed, and, as a rule, it has no more than one flight;
pattern– a spiral with variable internal and external radii of the staircase, which has several subtypes: G, P and S-shaped.

To understand what kind of staircase you need, decide on the place where it will be installed and calculate all possible options for its placement.

If you have not yet cut a ceiling opening for a screw structure, think about whether it will be convenient for all family members to climb to the second floor, in which a round hole of a relatively small diameter will be cut.

Design

At the project creation stage, the main difficulty arises with the calculation of all the necessary parameters and dimensions. You can contact a special architectural or design bureau, which will provide you with all the necessary drawings within a day. Or you can try your luck yourself and develop a plan for the manufacture and installation of a spiral staircase.

The dimensions of the serpentine type lifting structure have the following starting points:

steps– width, length and distance between them;
axis– wall thickness and column diameter;
risers– presence or absence, with the first option, point number 1 is revised;
turn- a height that is comfortable not only for ascent or descent of a person (steep or gentle), it must also correspond to the height of the tallest person in the family, so as not to hit his head on the next turn of the staircase screw.

The first step is to calculate the dimensions of the main parts and the project drawing itself. To calculate all the necessary parameters, there is a special construction formula, which is not easy to figure out the first time. We suggest you do all the calculations using specific numbers as an example. It will be clearer this way.

As an example, we will take the average statistical data of a virtual spiral staircase. The width of the march is 90 cm, the height of the structure is 2 m 70 cm, the diameter of the center column is 30 cm.

First, we need the total diameter of the spiral staircase. A formula will help you find this value, in which you need to multiply the width of the march by 2, and add the diameter of the pillar to the result. The output is the following example: 90 cm x 2 + 30 cm = 210 cm or 2 m 10 cm.

The next element to measure will be the trajectory of the person moving along these stairs. Here the formula dictates that we add the radius of the main pipe to the width of the march. Then all this is divided in half: (150 mm + 900 mm): 2 = 525 mm – the radius of the circle of the person’s trajectory.

Now we calculate the number of steps for a given staircase height. First, we determine the circumference of a person’s walking trajectory using the formula 2xPxR. The resulting figure is 3,297. Next, take the width of the middle part of the step of the screw structure (usually it is 20-25 cm), divide the resulting circumference by it. We get 3,297: 250 mm = 13.188. That is, there should be 13 steps in the structure. Most often, professionals round the result up.

It is necessary to determine at what distance from each other the steps will be located, that is, their height. First of all, we calculate the height from the top step to the bottom. The approximate thickness of a standard step is 30 mm. The maximum height of your family member (1900 mm) with an allowance of 100 mm, this must be added to the previous parameter. The total we get is 2030 mm.

The height between the steps is equal to the ratio of the height of the turn (2030 mm) to the number of steps (13-14). We get the numbers 156.15 mm and 145 mm, respectively.

When all the measurements have been completed, the diagrams have been drawn, and the material and shape have been selected, you can proceed directly to the manufacture of the spiral staircase.

Manufacturing

Once again I would like to clarify the importance of observing all the nuances and proportions so that this compact and lightweight design is a truly practical purchase.

The following can be used as the main core of a spiral staircase:

metal pipes;
concrete and brick pillars;
wooden supports.

You can attach the steps to a metal, concrete or brick base using special couplings and bolts.

They are attached to wood much more simply and in more diverse ways.

The main axis of the staircase must be fixed as firmly as possible both at the top of the structure and at the bottom. The metal rod can have a minimum diameter of 50 mm. As for other materials, the scope should be wider - from 150 to 500 mm. Depending on the dimensions of the room, you can increase the final figure.

The next stage is the creation of steps. Let's consider this process using the example of a wooden product and the main recommendations for it:

usually the thickness of the finished step is no more than 50 mm, although there are exceptions;
wooden boards must be perfectly flat, dry and treated;
use glued bars as the starting material.

To make steps using the method indicated in the last paragraph, you need to assemble the wooden components into a single panel. Make sure that the direction of the fibers of all the bars is in different directions. This will make the design of the product more original and pleasing to the eye. Apply glue to each butt seam and secure the overall fabric in clamps or a vice until completely dry.

While the material is drying, make a pattern for your steps. On thick cardboard, draw the shape of your future step, taking into account all the preliminary dimensions and cut out the template. The first top step will serve as a launching pad on the second floor, so make it almost twice as large as all the others.

We transfer the diagram of the steps to each glued wooden plane and cut out the blanks with a jigsaw or saw. Next, they carry out all the necessary work on processing wooden products manually or using special tools.

After this, you can begin making balusters - support posts for the railings of the structure - and the handrails themselves. Before proceeding with the production of the latter, it is necessary to take into account that their special curved appearance is not always subject to simple physical influence. To make railings and balusters, it is better to contact a specialist if you do not have special education or experience.

It is worth noting that balusters and railings are the very last stage in the production and installation of a spiral staircase with your own hands.

You will learn more about how to make a spiral staircase in the following video.

Installation: order and nuances

Measurements, drawings, manufacturing stages and acquisition of main components and fasteners are behind us. Now you can begin the full installation of the spiral staircase. And if you decide to do it yourself, pay attention to the procedure and basic installation tips.

Determine the location of the stairs in the house. Consider it in conjunction with the shape of the structure. If you have chosen a spiral staircase supported by the walls of the room, then they should be somewhere close to the place you have chosen.
The marking of the floor and ceiling is done symmetrically. It is necessary to determine the center of the structure into which the main rod of the spiral staircase will be mounted.
Having decided on the overall diameter of the structure, cut a round hole in the ceiling and process it with the necessary materials.
If this is not a modular staircase, then the next step is to install the axis of the structure. Further work with the support post depends on the type of ladder chosen.
The lower step can be laid directly on the floor of the first floor or on a wooden base for better fixation. The upper platform is installed directly on the floor of the second floor.
The next step is the installation of balusters and railings.

The installation of a spiral staircase in the house with your own hands is completed. All that remains is its final processing, decoration and filling with additional functions if necessary.

You can paint the steps or railings in the desired color, place shelves and hanging structures for flowers and small things on the back side of the steps. With any decorative finishing, pay attention to ensure that the safety of climbing along such a structure does not suffer. Since the steps in it are often slightly smaller in width than in standard stairs, the risers should be left through so that the foot can stand on the step as firmly and confidently as possible.

To ensure that your spiral staircase becomes not only a beautiful asset to your interior, but also an indispensable safe assistant, pay attention to the most common tips and recommendations from experts.

You will learn more about installing a spiral staircase in the following video.

Before you start painting or varnishing the surface, be sure to clean it of construction debris, dust and other types of contamination. Then you will get a durable, high-quality coating.
Pay attention to the angle of the steps. Ideally, they should be parallel to the floor so that there is no risk of feet slipping and injury.
Materials for the manufacture of stairs must be of high quality, strong and durable. When selecting, take a close look at all the components and components.

Fire safety is paramount. All materials must have heat-resistant impregnation and treatment.
Moisture is also a bad companion for spiral staircases of various materials. Therefore, you should immediately clarify the question at the selection stage whether the structure is treated with a special moisture-resistant coating.

All fastening tools must be in place and securely screwed in, driven in, and fixed. The plane of the steps should be perfectly smooth without any unpleasant protruding additions.
In the process of marking and creating drawings of the future structure, be sure to take all measurements several times and double-check yourself. Incorrectly specified dimensions can lead to uncomfortable operation: misalignment, creaking, and rapid wear of components.

If there is a need to replace a step, fastener, railing, baluster, etc., do so immediately. Otherwise, both the entire structure as a whole and the person climbing or descending it may suffer.
Constantly take care of your spiral staircase: clean it on time, paint it, repair it if necessary.

Constant care and supervision of the serpentine home structure will ensure its long-term operation at the highest level.

Beautiful examples

A simple wooden spiral staircase of economy class, entirely created by the hands of the owner. Classic rectangular design with one bay. Used to go down to the basement.

Another simple, inexpensive design that has a spiral shape. The main materials used in the production of components: wood and metal. The spiral staircase rests on a central axis, made in the form of a curled pipe, and has metal railings. This design is very safe and easy to install.

The interfloor spiral staircase is made of S-shaped wood, has no railings, but is equipped with a high plinth along its entire length. The lower and upper steps differ in their shape from the rest. They are slightly wider and more stable. Not safe for use by small children.

If you are installing a spiral staircase with your own hands, a drawing must be prepared first; this will allow you to carry out the work without making mistakes. A feature of this design is that the steps are strengthened radially. This concerns a real or imaginary center. If you project a staircase onto the floor surface, you can get a polygon or circle. You can make a spiral staircase with your own hands from metal; the drawings are definitely worth considering before doing this. When choosing such designs, you may prefer one of the varieties of the system. In this way, the steps can rest on the central post and on the surface of the perimeter walls. They can be mounted in other versions only on a support post, which is located in the center. The steps in some cases rest on a fence or bent bowstrings, among other things, they can be pinched in the support post.

Manufacturing Features

If you are building a spiral staircase with your own hands, the drawing will allow you to do the work correctly. You can borrow one or another option from this article. Such structures take up little space, for example, with a step width of 1 meter, the diameter of the structure will be 2.2 meters, this includes the central support. In fact, the structure will occupy less than 2 square meters on the floor surface. When designing a product, you can give it a different angle of inclination, most often it does not exceed 45 degrees.

What you need to know before starting work

If you are making a spiral staircase with your own hands, you must prepare a drawing before starting work. However, it is important to take into account that such structures do not have very wide steps, this indicates that movement along them will be difficult; it is important to be careful. It will be quite problematic for two people who meet on the spiral staircase to miss each other. It is also very difficult to move large objects along it. This suggests that it is more rational to use screw structures in rooms where there is no heavy traffic. A lot of effort will have to be put into manufacturing, since the elements and assemblies are more complex when compared with conventional ones.

Preparation of materials

If you are making a spiral staircase with your own hands, you can view the drawing for it by reading this article. However, it is equally important to familiarize yourself with the technology of the process and prepare all the necessary materials. You shouldn’t be limited in your choice of material: suitable choices include maple, beech, and oak. You can stock up on profiled or sheet metal.

Staircase design

The structure must be devoid of a riser, which is a vertical element located between adjacent steps. This will prevent your foot from slipping when moving. The step in the middle part should be 20 cm or more. It must be admitted that quite often today spiral staircases are made with their own hands. Drawings and photos will help you decide on the choice of design features. In order to ensure the reliability of the step mounting unit, the diameter of the middle support post must be five centimeters or more. The height between the branches should exceed the height of a person, this figure is equivalent to two meters or more. In this case, you do not have to bend over when using the lifting mechanism. As for a full turn, it must have at least 12 steps.

Features of the calculation

Before making spiral staircases with your own hands, drawings are prepared by craftsmen, this allows you to eliminate many mistakes, which can be very difficult to cope with. You can use the parameters presented below as a basis.

The height of the floor, which is measured from the surface of the floor of the first to the base of the floor of the second floor, is equivalent to 3 meters, while being equal to one meter. The diameter of the stand in this case is equivalent to 20 cm. Now you can determine the diameter of the structure. This figure will be made up of the diameter of the support post and two steps, or rather, their width. Thus, you will need to make the following calculations: 2x1.0 + 0.2. Ultimately, it will be possible to obtain a value equal to 2.2 m.

When spiral staircases are made with your own hands, the drawings are prepared by home craftsmen, as a rule, independently. Having determined the diameter of the structure, it is necessary to draw a circle. At the next stage, the radius of the movement trajectory is calculated. To do this, you need to divide the diameter of the support post by 2, to which you should add the width of the step. The calculation will look like this: (1+0.2)/2; the required value is equivalent to 0.6 m.

The next step is to calculate the number of steps that will account for 1 turn. To do this, the length of the movement trajectory must be divided by The final value is 18.84, while the calculation is as follows: 2x3.14x0.6/0.2.

If you are making a screw one, it is important to determine the height of the step. The height of the coil should be divided into 19 parts. The step between the first step and the last step of the coil should be greater than the height of the person. You can take into account a figure equal to two meters, you need to add 5 cm to this value, this will allow you to get the height of the coil, the calculation looks like this: 2 + 0.05; the resulting value is 2.05 m.

You can determine it using the formula below: 2.05/19. The figure after calculations is equal to 0.11 m. The final number of steps will be equal to 28 pieces: 3/0.11. The resulting figure is 27.3. It should be rounded.

You can take the following staircase parameters as basic. The lifting height is equivalent to 300 cm, the diameter is 220 cm, the internal diameter is 20 cm, the total rotation angle is 510 degrees, the thickness of each step is 5 cm, the height of the step is 11.1 centimeters. As for the angle of the step, this figure is 18.9 degrees, the length of the step is 100 centimeters.

Installation

If you are making a spiral staircase to the second floor with your own hands, then it is important to familiarize yourself with the technology of the process. Initially, a stand is installed and fixed, which is located in the middle. In the next step you can start installing the steps and spacers. The craftsman needs to fix the upper part of the structure, and then strengthen the railings and handrails. If you are making a staircase that has cantilever pinched steps, then you can use beech as the material. All blanks can be cut using a lathe designed for woodworking. A hand-held electric tool will also come in handy. If you do not have such equipment in your arsenal, you can order the preparation of parts from a specialist. A plumb line will allow you to transfer the corner point of the opening to the floor surface. This will be the starting mark for determining the position of the support. On the base of the floor, it is necessary to draw a line that is parallel to the opening cut in the ceiling.

When the screw drawings are made, you have to prepare them yourself or order them from a professional. At the next stage, you need to put a cylindrical element and a starting stage on the steel core. The remaining elements are installed using the same principle. After you have assembled the central post and steps, you should fix the upper platform. Next, the railing posts are installed. The steel bolt core runs through the two stages and ends slightly above the topmost stage.

Final works

You can make a spiral staircase with your own hands from metal, but for this you need to have skills in working with a welding machine. If you decide to use wood, then at the last stage you can paint it. To begin with, the surface of the stairs is cleaned with sandpaper, then cleaned of dust and covered with stain.

Features of manufacturing a metal staircase

You can make a spiral staircase from metal yourself; drawings of such structures can be drawn up by professionals. Assembling the system must begin with the installation of the central pillar. After this, the bushings are put on, and then the washers and the steps themselves. After this part of the work is completed, the steps should be rotated around the rack to the required distance. Now comes the turn of attaching the brackets. The upper step is fixed on the interfloor ceiling. When making a metal spiral staircase with your own hands, the drawings will allow you to follow the technology. At the last stage, railings and handrails are installed.

Elegant and graceful metal structures, spiral staircases, are attractive for several reasons. However, the ease of their manufacture and relatively low cost successfully complement the positive qualities of the stairs. In addition, the compactness with which the design can be made will allow it to be placed even in the most cramped area. If there was no spiral staircase in the plans for the construction or refurbishment of a dacha or house, then it is worth taking a closer look at it. It can not only decorate a home, but also make it more functional.

Spiral staircase to the second floor, design advantages

The compact design of a spiral staircase will allow you to solve those problems that were inaccessible to other staircase designs, and also in combination with metal, they provide an undoubted benefit, namely:

1. Compactness. The spiral staircase has very small dimensions due to one single support around which all its structural elements are located. In order to fully use the spiral staircase, you can allocate no more than one and a half square meters of space. This is several times less when compared with traditional designs.

2. Availability. Spiral staircase prices, the prices of which are determined only by the costs of material and manufacturing in a factory or workshop, are much lower than marching structures, since all design details can be unified and do not require adjustment on site.

3. Easy to install and manufacture. The principle of making metal spiral staircases is simple, you just need to have certain basic skills and master basic tools in order to make a spiral staircase with your own hands from metal. Drawings and diagrams are also not at all complicated and can be understood and read without any preparation.

4. Functionality. A spiral staircase, in addition to being the main means of ascending to the second floor, can be used as an additional method, due to its small size, and can exist along with flight stairs.

However, many point out some of the disadvantages that a spiral metal staircase has. As a rule, steps become the target of attacks - it is not always possible to make them with sufficient width. Sometimes it can become a source of increased danger, especially when it comes to older people.

Types of metal spiral staircases

Since a staircase can be made in different ways, the staircase will withstand different characteristics, including dynamic loads. It all depends on the metal from which the structure is made. And, of course, technology. And it can be different:

Of course, this does not mean that the staircase is cast at the installation site, it means the method of manufacturing the structural elements. The easiest to install are welded structures, since they are more flexible in the choice of both linear parameters and load characteristics, therefore almost all stairs that are made independently are made using welding.

Design and drawings of spiral staircases

Designing spiral staircases is a rather complicated matter, so when manufacturing it is worth using ready-made drawings. This is due to the mass of both reference and local data that must be used for calculations, so the use and adaptation of a finished drawing is an ideal option. When developing drawings, not only the main indicators related to the structural features are taken into account, such as:

The main indicator that determines the functionality of the structure is the width of the step, so by all standards it should be at least 35 cm at the widest point. Considering the fact that the step in a spiral staircase is not rectangular, but trapezoidal, the average width at the center of the step is taken to be 20 cm.

Economy spiral staircase in a private house, design and railings

The simplest stairs that can be successfully assembled with your own hands and used both at the dacha and in a large cottage are simple welded economy-class structures. As a rule, such stairs are assembled around a main pillar, which is rigidly fixed in the stairwell. This design is assembled from ready-made elements, and the elements themselves can be prepared and made in convenient conditions, and when installing the structure it will be enough to assemble them together. We presented several such structures in the photo.

The simplest option is a prefabricated pillar, which is formed as the steps are strengthened, and the design of the railings and strength elements is determined by the choice of the owner; here the choice is extremely large. Thus, for very little money and with your own hands, you can make a simple spiral staircase for your summer house, which, nevertheless, will meet all the parameters of safety and comfort.

Not every country house or dacha can build a full-size interfloor staircase. An excellent way out of this situation is a spiral staircase. It is less comfortable for movement, but by choosing an acceptable option, you will ensure ease of movement along it. Spiral staircases have an original, beautiful and memorable appearance.

In the article we will tell you how to make a spiral staircase with your own hands to the second floor from metal and wood, demonstrate diagrams and drawings, as well as photo and video instructions.

How to choose a design

When starting to choose a staircase option, immediately discard the ideas of newfangled designs. They are not very suitable for constant, intensive use, and only an experienced craftsman with many special skills and tools, and financial capabilities, can build them independently.

The spiral staircase design you choose must meet all safety rules and be easy to install. It is worth remembering that the likelihood of injury largely depends on the width of the steps.

Draw up a drawing of a spiral staircase and indicate all the design parameters in it; this will allow you to avoid many problems that arise from improper installation.

Note! Intensively used stairs are made at least one meter wide.

Types of fastenings

Screw structures do not have platforms; they consist of winder steps. The most popular connection methods:

Radial, the steps are arranged in the form of a stair screw. The basis of the structure are stringers and a support post.
The best and most reliable design is a ladder supported on walls or a stand.
A spiral staircase on rails will save you from creaking steps; in this design there is no connection between the wooden parts.
Steps attached to a central post and screw railings are the most affordable and easy-to-perform method of installing a staircase yourself.

Material

Metal and wood remain the most popular materials for constructing a spiral staircase structure. You can make the staircase decor as original as your imagination allows. A varnished wooden structure will enhance the beauty of the texture of the living material.

A wooden staircase will bring warmth and homeliness to your room. Any type of wood can be used to make a wooden structure. Everything will depend on your financial capabilities.

Note! It is better to make steps from hard wood, and handrails from metal or a combination of wood and metal. In addition to wood, marble, metal, and glass can be used to make steps.

Metal pipes are perfect for making a central pillar. Secure the steps in it by welding, couplings, and bolted connections. Concrete, brick, and wood are well suited for building a central pillar. The main thing is that the stand, made from the material you choose, can withstand the expected load.

Construction stages

Note! The best option for building a spiral staircase is a design in which the steps are mounted on a pole. A metal pipe with a diameter of 50 mm is suitable for this.

Mount it vertically using a plumb line. It is attached to a wooden floor using bolts and fasteners. The rack is attached to the concrete base with guy wires concreted into it. Such fastening methods will ensure the reliability of the entire structure. After installing the stand, do the following:

You take the blanks, give them the desired shape, and process them completely.

To connect the steps to the stand, you need to install special bushings on them.
Cover the steps with varnish or paint;
Mount bushings and treads on the rack, fan them out, give the structure the correct position
Install the brackets between the wide tread elements;
After installing the last bushing, decorate it with a beautiful decorative head;
Install all steps using fasteners;
Fasten the balusters, they can be straight or curly;
Install handrails pre-made from plastic or wood.
The final work is finishing the spiral staircase. It is best to paint a wooden staircase. If you used wood with a pronounced structure, then it is best to coat the structure with varnish, through which the natural beauty of the wood will be clearly visible.

Before finishing, thoroughly clean all wooden elements, then cover them with stain and several layers of clear varnish.

For wooden parts that do not have a good structure, simply paint them with oil paint or use nitro enamel. After completing all the above work, you will have an excellent spiral staircase in your home.

Video

An example of installing a spiral staircase can be seen here:

Drawings and diagrams

The drawings and diagrams provided below will help you make a spiral staircase in your home yourself:

Photo

A beautiful and comfortable spiral staircase is quite simple and is perfect for organizing the transition to the attic or attic floor.

The main feature of screw structures is their unusual shape. Externally, the console of the building looks like a petal with rounded edges. The main advantage of the device is significant space savings in the house.

Most often it is placed in a vertical position, without inclined straight steps. Despite the fact that it is not entirely comfortable to walk along such a staircase, the entire structure can occupy only 1 square meter. m.

The structural part of spiral staircases may differ. The flight of stairs is fixed radially. If you pay attention to the horizontal cut of the screw in the diagrams, you will notice that it can be polygonal or round.

Types of spiral staircases:

resting on a wall and supporting structure;
supported by special support posts.
supported on a fence or curved bowstrings;
with pinching into the support post.

A wide variety of materials can be used for construction. Most owners prefer to build structures from concrete, wood or metal.

Advantages and disadvantages

They do not clutter up the space, so they occupy a minimum amount of free space in the room. They are easy to install in small rooms;
Provided that high-quality materials are selected and all construction rules are followed, this design has a stylish and modern design, so it can not only be a means of transportation, but also serve as home decoration;
Compared to other types of staircases, the cost of spiral staircases is much lower, so home owners do not have to overpay for anything;
The structures can be placed either against the wall or in the middle of the room;
Marches can be installed with the narrowed side to the main central support or the wide part attached to the wall.

Screw structures have only one drawback. The point is that you can’t go up and down quickly without holding on to the railing. Otherwise, it could result in all sorts of injuries. To reduce the risk of getting caught, it is preferable to install flights with wider steps.

Professionals advise starting to make a drawing with a detailed plan of the first floor and indicating the area where it will be installed. The plan must include the exact dimensions of the opening, taking into account the given scale.

Rotating blades, as a result of which the shape of the steps changes, must also be drawn in detail, while all proportions must be respected. A separate diagram shows circular lifting angles.

Design calculation

Calculation of parts must be carried out with special care, otherwise errors will result in discomfort and bruises.

The calculation must be carried out according to the following rules:

According to accepted standards, the minimum step length should be about 150 mm with a height of 300 mm. You should not violate these parameters, as this may result in a decrease in the level of security. Maximum figures vary around 140-160 mm in length and 280-300 in height.
A significant factor is the angle of inclination. Naturally, the higher this indicator, the less space it takes up. Acceptable values vary from 23º to 45º. The most popular tilt angle is from 25º to 35º. An inclination angle of more than 45º is too sharp, so you can only climb the stairs backwards. But if the slope is less than 23º, it is more logical to install a ramp.

For the production of steps, wood with a denser texture is often used - tanned beech. Brittle rocks should be avoided, as they are not able to withstand the high loads placed on them.

The thickness of the finished elements should not be less than 50 mm if the height of the structure should not exceed 2 m. If the height of the structure is increased, then the thickness of the steps should be at least 60 mm. The number of steps is determined by dividing the height of the opening by the rise up.

The material used must be thoroughly dried and processed. It should be taken into account that if uneven drying occurs after installation, the wood gradually begins to lose moisture and deform, taking on the shape of a propeller.

Moreover, a damaged step must be replaced immediately after the defect appears, otherwise one step may pull other elements with it, compromising the strength of the structure. That is why professionals advise purchasing already planed material.

Drawings of spiral wooden staircases

Due to its efficiency and low cost, wood structures are especially popular. As a plan, you can use ready-made drawings developed by professionals.

As for the advantages of this type of device, it is undoubtedly fire resistance, the ability to combine various materials, modern design, ease of installation and durability.

Many modern home owners who follow fashion trends and their homes install spiral staircases not only inside, but also outside.

This is due to the fact that metal materials are least resistant to various climatic influences and withstand bad weather.

Concrete, metal, wood and brick pillars are used to construct the supporting structure. They are attached using elements, bolts and couplings welded to the pipe.

The steps are easiest to attach to a wooden stand. For this, bars, metal corners, etc. are used. The stand must be firmly fixed and able to withstand the total weight of all components and a person with a large body weight.

In addition to this, the main support column must be firmly connected to the lower and upper parts of the structure. The diameter of a wooden or concrete rack should be from 150 -500 mm or more, while a metal structure should not be less than 50 mm.

To make it convenient for residents to move, it is necessary to correctly place the axles. Often a frame is installed for them, which is pre-fabricated to fit the final shape. Craftsmen advise using corners and welding the support itself in the form of a straight plate.

You can connect 2 metal profiles together in the form of an inverted T-shaped stand. It is on this that steps can subsequently be placed. This technology allows you to adjust the dimensions of the steps at any time.

Fences and railings

At the last stage, the fence is installed. For stairs of this type, it is performed not only as safety, but also as a decorative element in combination with forged inserts and curved wooden elements. Most often, metal pipes are used as a basis. This design looks quite impressive.