Heat pump- a mechanical device that allows for heat transfer from a resource with low potential thermal energy (low temperature) to a heating system (coolant) with an elevated temperature. Let's try to explain this in more understandable language.
Gone are the days when people heated their homes by burning wood in fireplaces or stoves. They are being replaced by multifunctional long-burning boilers. In regions where main gas is available, efficient gas equipment is used for heating. In places inaccessible to gas mains, it is increasingly used.
Humanity understands that burning non-renewable energy sources is not a promising business; resources are gradually depleted. Scientists don't stop searching new ways of producing thermal energyand develop modern mechanisms to implement the assigned tasks.
In one such project, a heat pump was designed. Indeed, just like to the majority heat-generating units, the operation of a heat pump is not possible without electrical energy. A serious difference is that electricity is not involved in heating, for example, a heating element, as in an oil radiator, and does not close the spiral in a heat gun. A heat pump does not have heating elements, it does not create thermal energy, the heat pump only serves as a carrier of it from the environment to the consumer (coolant).
The electricity consumed by the heat pump is spent only on compressing the refrigerant and pumping it around to circulate it. The refrigerant acts as a necessary working environment, it is he who moves heat from the environment to the heating system and hot water supply system. This review will help us how to choose a heat pump, the principle of its operation, and also learn about the pros and cons of such equipment.
Heat pump for heating
Traditional heating of a private home is still preferable if inexpensive resources are abundant. The question is, what to do when the availability of cheap sources is limited? An alternative solution is a heat pump - more than 40 years of operating experience in the European Union tells us that this can be very effective.
In the Russian Federation, the heat pump has not received proper distribution. The reason for this is two factors. Firstly, there is an abundance of oil, gas, and wood. Secondly, it is stopped by the high price and lack of popularization. Information about heat pumps is very scarce, the principle of their operation is not clear, and there is not enough information about the benefits.
In the European Union, fuel prices are so high that geothermal heating systems show benefits in operation. For example, up to 95% of households in Sweden and Norway they useheat pumps as the main source of heating. The International Energy Agency predicts that heat pumps will begin to provide 10% of energy demand for heating in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries by 2020, and by 2050 this figure will reach 30%.
Heat pump for heating - operating principle
From a school physics course, recalling the second law of thermodynamics, it is known for certain that heat from a hot body is transferred to a cold one without any mechanisms. The trick is how to transfer heat in the opposite direction? To do this, we will need a series of actions that ensure results.
These are the actions that a heat pump will help us perform. The energy costs for operating a heat pump depend proportionally on the temperature difference between the media involved in this process.
Have you ever touched the black grille of a refrigerator at the back? Anyone can verify that the back wall is very hot. Pointing a laser pyrometer at the black grating, you can see that its surface temperature is about 40°C. In this way, refrigeration equipment engineers recover unnecessary heat from inside the freezer.
It is known that in the late forties of the last century, inventor Robert Weber drew attention to the useless heating of air with a refrigerator radiator. The inventor thought about it and connected an indirect heating boiler to it. As a result, Robert supplied the household with hot water in the required volume. It was then that the enthusiast began to think about how to “turn” the refrigerator inside out and transform the cooling device into a heating device. I must admit, he succeeded.
How does a heat pump work?
The principle of operation of a heat pump is based on the fact that underground at any time of the year, falling below the freezing level, we will encounter temperatures above zero. It turns out that the frost-free soil layer is right under our feet. What if you use it as the back wall of the freezer?
Applying the operating principle of refrigeration equipment, To transfer heat from the underground to the home space, a system of pipes is used through which refrigerant circulates. Freon refrigerants are heated by underground heat and begin to evaporate. The cold air outside cools it, causing the freon to condense.
By heating the heat by alternating cycles of evaporation and heating, the heat pump forces the refrigerant to circulate. The compressor creates pressure, forcing freon to move through the tubes of two heat exchangers.
In the first heat exchanger, freon evaporates at low pressure, during which heat is absorbed from the immediate surrounding atmosphere. The same refrigerant is then compressed by a high-pressure compressor and moved to a second coil where it is condensed. It then releases the heat it absorbed earlier in the cycle.
The booster compressor plays the main role in the process. By increasing the pressure, the freon condenses and produces more heat than it received from the warm earth. Thus, ground positive values of + 7 ° C andtransforms into comfortable home conditions + 24°C.
By using a heat pump for heating, we achieve high efficiency.
I would like to note that the entire structure does not require a specially dedicated electrical wiring line. Power consumption is comparable to the energy consumption of a household electric kettle. The trick is that the heat pump “produces” thermal energy four times more than it consumes electricity. To heat a cottage of 300 m2, in severe frosts of 30°C, no more than 3 kW will be spent.
However, the owner of a geothermal pump will have to fork out a lot at the beginning. The cost of equipment and materials for connection is at least $4,500. Let's add installation work and drilling, and the same amount, it turns out that the simplest system will cost 10 thousand dollars.
It is clear that it will cost an order of magnitude cheaper. But pay monthly based on 1 kW per 10 m2will have to anyway. So it turns out that for 300 sq. meters at home it will take 30 kW - 10 times more than will be spent on a heat pump.
Calculations for heating with gas using a gas boiler give approximately the same figures - 2000 rubles per month, which is comparable to the operation of a heat pump. Unfortunately, not everyone lives in a gasified area.
The heat pump has an undeniable advantage. In the summer, such a “reverse freezer” can be “turned inside out” and with a slight movement of the hand, the heat pump turns into an air conditioner. On hot days it’s +30°C outside, but in the dungeon it’s cool. Using tubes filled with coolant, the pump will transfer the cold of the underground into the home. Next, the fan is turned on, so we get an economical cooling system.
Operating practice indicates payback periods from 3 to 7 years. The Scandinavian countries have long calculated their profits and heat themselves using this method. A striking example is the giant heat pump in Stockholm, geothermal equipment. The source of thermal energy in winter and coolness in summer is the waters of the Baltic Sea. The slogan fully applies to the heat pump: pay now - save later! Savings are becoming greater due to the fact that energy resources are becoming more expensive.
Heat pump. The truth about its effectiveness.
Unfortunately, not everything is so rosy with efficiency today. One of the main questions tormenting the consumer remains: to buy or not to buy a heat pump. Our advice is to carefully weigh the pros and cons; most likely, the option of buying a conventional one will cost less after use, and installation will be easier.
If we consider a heat pump as a concept of the future, as a new idea for generating heat, the engineering idea definitely deserves respect. Geothermal equipment works, you can touch it with your hands, and every year it becomes more and more efficient. However, if we calculate how much money we will spend on its operation, add the initial costs of purchase and installation, we will most likely get an amount showing that we will spend much more money on it than on any other type of heat generating device.
Considering a heat pump as an economic system, when you spend 100 rubles on its operation and receive 300 rubles worth of thermal energy, do not forget that you paid a lot of money for the right to receive an excess profit of 200 rubles. By the way, in the European Union, sales of heat pumps are supported by government programs.
So in Finland, more than 60 thousand heat pumps are sold annually and the number of sales is growing at a 5% rate. But firstly, the economic effect of using such equipment there is higher due to expensive electricity. The cost of electricity in Finland is 35 euro cents, compared to Russia – 7 euro cents. Secondly, the subsidy program provides reimbursement for the purchase of a heat pump in the amount of 3,000 EURO.
As long as gas and electricity prices remain low, introducing a heat pump as a major competitor remains challenging. Mass consumption will become possible only in the event of a crisis with hydrocarbon production or a crisis with electricity generation.
How to choose the right heat pump
First stage.
Calculation of the required heat for heating a house. To select a heat pump (HP) that is included in the heating system of a house, it is important to calculate the heat demand. An accurate calculation will help you avoid unnecessary cost overruns, as this leads to unnecessary expenses.
Second phase.
Which heat source to choose for your heat pump. This decision depends on many components, the main ones:
- Financial component. This includes the direct cost of the equipment itself, as well as the work of installing a geothermal probe or laying an underground thermal circuit. This depends on the location of the site itself, as well as on the immediate surroundings (reservoirs, buildings, communications) and geology.
- Operational component. The main cost is the operation of the heat pump. This figure depends on the heating mode of your building and the selected heat source.
Third stage.
Analysis of initial data for selecting a heat pump:
- Budget for the proposed system.
- Heating system: radiators, air heating, heated floor.
- The area of the site that can be allocated for laying a thermal collector.
- Is it possible to drill on the site?
- Geology of the site to determine the depth of the geothermal probe if such a decision is made.
- Is air conditioning required in summer?
- Is air heating available or planned in the future?
- Capital cost of purchase and installation of the HP with all work (approximate initial estimate).
Let's take it all in order
Budget for the proposed system
When creating a heating system using a heat pump, it is possible to install an air-water circuit. Capital investments will be minimal, since no expensive excavation work is required. But there will be high costs during the operation phase of this heating system due to low operating efficiency.
If you want to significantly reduce operating costs, then installing a geothermal pump is suitable for you. True, it will be necessary to carry out excavation work to lay the thermal circuit. This system will also provide “passive” cold.
Heating system: radiators, air heating, heated floors
To increase the efficiency of the HP system, it is desirable to reduce the difference between the temperature of the heated medium and the temperature of the heat source.
If you have not yet chosen a heating system, it is recommended to choose heated floors, which allow you to use the heating system more efficiently.
Area of land that can be allocated for laying a thermal collector
The area of the site for installing the collector is critical if it is impossible to drill and install a geothermal probe. Then you will have to lay the collector horizontally, and this will require a space approximately 2 times larger than the area of the heated house. It should be taken into account that this area cannot be used for development, but only in the form of a lawn or lawn, so as not to block the flow of sunlight.
Is it possible to drill on the site?
If it is possible to drill on the site (good geology, access, lack of underground communications), the best solution would be to install a geothermal probe. It provides a stable and long-term heat source.
Geology of the site to determine the depth of the geothermal probe, if such a decision is made
After calculating the total drilling depth, it is necessary to study the site plan and determine how to ensure the drilling depth. In practice, the depth of one well usually does not exceed 150 m.
Therefore, if, for example, the estimated drilling depth is 360 m, then, based on the characteristics of the site, it can be divided into 4 wells of 90 m each, or 3 of 120 m each, or 6 of 60 m each. But we must take into account that the distance between the nearest wells should not be less than 6 m.
The cost of drilling work is directly proportional to the drilling depth.
Is air conditioning required in summer?
If air conditioning is required in the summer, then the obvious choice is a heat pump of the “water-to-water” or “ground-to-water” type; other heat pumps are not ready to effectively and economically perform air conditioning functions.
Is air heating available or planned in the future?
It is possible to integrate the heat pump into a single air heating system. This solution will allow to unify engineering networks.
Capital cost of purchasing and installing a heat pump with all work
The initial estimated capital costs* for purchase and installation depend on the type of heat pump:
HP with underground collector:
Works - $2500
Operating costs - $350/year
VT with probe:
Equipment and materials - $4500
Works - $4500
Operating costs - $320/year
Air VT:
Equipment and materials - $6500
Works - $400
Operating costs - $480/year
TN “water-water”:
Equipment and materials - $4500
Works - $3500
Operating costs - $280/year
* – approximate, average market prices. The final cost depends on the selected equipment manufacturer, the region of work performed, the cost of drilling operations and site conditions, and so on. Estimating department note
Fourth stage. Types of work
Single. The heat pump is the only heat source, providing 100% of the heat demand. Works for operating temperatures not higher than 55 °C.
Paired. The HP and the boiler work together, which allows the boiler to achieve higher operating temperatures.
Monoenergetic. The HP and the electric boiler form a power system with only one external energy source. This allows you to smoothly regulate power consumption, but increases the load on the input machine.
Selecting a heat pump
After collecting all the initial data and working out the main technical solutions, it is possible to select the appropriate type of HP. The configuration and choice of equipment supplier will depend on your financial capabilities. The main thing is to approach the choice of system with a full understanding of what you want. We will help you choose and implement a comfortable heating system. It can take into account all the nuances: from the climate control function to the distribution of heat across zones of the house.
Conclusion
By choosing an ecological heating system with a heat pump, you can be confident in the future. You get complete independence from heat supply organizations, world oil prices and the political situation in the country. The only thing you need is electricity. But over time, the generation of electricity can be transferred to absolute autonomy with the help of a windmill.
Currently, alternative versions of units that can provide heating for a private home are beginning to become widespread.
You can install an air-to-water heat pump from manufacturers such as Mitsubishi, Nibe or Gree yourself. Despite the frankly high cost of such units, air-to-water systems of the Mitsubishi, Nibe or Gree brands have, for the most part, positive reviews.
This is due to the fact that the characteristics of devices such as an air-to-water heat pump from companies such as Mitsubishi, Nibe or Gree can significantly reduce heating costs.
1 What is the design of air-to-water heat pumps?
It should be noted that the degree of efficiency of DIY air-to-water systems using pool water is slightly lower than that of air-to-water devices from the Mitsubishi, Nibe or Gree brands.
This is due to the fact that the operating principle of an air-to-water heat pump, which works using water from the pool and is assembled with your own hands, depends on the time of year.
Such a pump does not work very efficiently when adjusted for low temperature conditions in the cold season. Based on this, the power of a self-made air-to-water heat pump that takes water from the pool in winter at low temperatures is significantly reduced.
However, to install an air-to-water heat pump from the Mitsubishi, Nibe or Gree brands yourself, you do not need to calculate the exact depth of the well and perform precise calculations.
Also, when installing a Mitsubishi, Nibe and Gree pump, there is no need to calculate the amount of excavation work that may be done around the pool.
In order to install a Mitsubishi, Nibe or Gree air-water system pump with your own hands and calculate its efficiency, it is enough to select the necessary equipment and choose a suitable location, for example, on the roof or near the pool.
Thus, it is quite possible to install a Mitsubishi, Nibe or Gree air heat pump with your own hands near the pool, without having to carry out a large number of all kinds of large-scale preparation work.
Another significant advantage of a Mitsubishi, Nibe or Gree heat pump is the operating principle in which the resulting heat can be reused to operate the system.
In this case, the low temperature regime will not be a significant hindrance. This is evidenced by numerous user reviews.
The operating principle of a heat pump allows you to use the heat that leaves the room, along with exhaust air or water from the pool.
However, in order to compensate to some extent for the lack of power in those located near the pool, it is necessary to provide for various options for the use of alternative heating systems.
The principle of operation of a heat pump located near the pool is based on the fact that almost any environment contains a certain amount of thermal energy when its temperature is above +1 degrees Celsius.
An air source heat pump is based on the principle of transferring heat from a source with a low thermal energy potential to a heat recipient with a higher temperature.
In practice, an air heat pump works due to the fact that the coolant enters the pipeline, which is buried in the ground. As a result, the coolant is heated.
The air heat pump is designed in such a way that the coolant circulating in it, after entering the evaporator or heat exchanger, transfers all the accumulated heat energy to the internal circuit.
An air source heat pump is equipped with a refrigerant that circulates through the external circuit and, when heated in the evaporator, is transformed into a gaseous or vaporous state.
In the presented heat-type pumps, gaseous refrigerant enters the cavity of the compressor, where it is compressed due to intense exposure to high pressure.
As a result, there is an increase in the temperature of the refrigerant circulating inside. After completing the cycle, the refrigerant loses heat and returns to the system in its original state.
The use of a powerful fan allows you to take air from the external environment, which, upon contact with the evaporator, continues its circulation through the coil.
Next, the cycle is closed, and the refrigerant, when heated, again enters the compressor. The technical characteristics of the presented device can be found using the example of the Gree GRS-CQ air-to-water pump model:
- Power consumption: 200 W;
- Maximum water pressure: 3 bar;
- Water consumption limit: 7.5 l;
- Connecting diameter (refrigerant, water): 12-17 mm;
- Incoming water temperature: from +7 to +25 °C.
The presented units are divided into two subtypes based on the features of the layout diagram. They are presented in the form of a split system and in the form of a monoblock.
The monoblock looks like a single device, all components of which are collected in one housing. It can be installed either in the middle of the house or outside.
When carrying out an internal type installation, it is necessary to take care of the installation of a passage channel that serves for air intake.
Outdoor installation is most preferable; thanks to it, the compressor, as a source of noise, can be located outside the room.
The split system is made by dividing the unit into two different blocks. The first includes a capacitor and a system attached to it that provides automatic control. The second outdoor unit is equipped with a compressor.
2 Device reviews
The overwhelming majority of existing reviews about the operation of the units and their efficiency are positive.
Sergey, 37 years old, Irkutsk:
I live with my family in a large country house. We don’t have a gas main, so I decided to save on electricity costs and installed a split system in the form of a Mitsubishi heat pump. Now, during the cold season, all rooms are warm. The equipment is working properly. I advise everyone.
Pavel, 45 years old, Voronezh:
I have been disappointed with conventional heating systems for a long time, and have been looking for a suitable alternative for some time. I opted for a monoblock air-water system from Nibe. The installation was carried out by a specialist. With the first autumn cold, I started it up and was surprised at how quickly all the rooms in the house warmed up. I now recommend her to everyone I know.
Anton, 50 years old, Vologda:
I sell heating systems. I recently started selling air/water systems. All customers are satisfied, I only heard positive feedback from them.
2.1 How to make a system with your own hands and connect it in series?
If desired, almost all the elements that make up a heat pump system can be made yourself. To do this you will need:
- Metal tank made of stainless steel with a volume of 100 l;
- Plastic barrel with a wide neck;
- Pipes made of copper;
- Set of couplings and adapters;
- Ventilator DU-15;
- Safety valve;
- Pressure gauge;
- Devices for implementing automatic control;
- Brackets to ensure fastening of elements.
It should be remembered that for full operation of the compressor you will need a fairly large current. Based on this, the recommended load level on the electric meter should be approximately 40 amperes.
In order to produce a thermal unit with a power of 9 kW, you need to acquire a compressor with a power of 7.2 kW. In addition, it is necessary to make a coil from a copper tube.
To do this, you need to carefully wrap the pipe around a cylinder with the required diameter. In order to make a capacitor, you need to cut a steel tank into two equal parts, and then place a copper coil inside it.
Then you need to cut the barrel made using plastic into two parts from which the evaporator will be made. Next, all elements are connected in the following order:
- A coil made of copper pipe with a ¾-inch diameter is inserted into the evaporator.
- Using tubes, the evaporator is connected to the heating system in the house.
- Check the quality of the assembly and add refrigerant into the system.
- Perform a test run.
In general, the use of heat pumps to provide heating at home is very convenient and profitable. Such a unit can produce heating of a living area of more than 400 square meters. meters.
Installation of the unit in most cases pays off within the next few years of its operation. If you own a house with a small living space, then the installation of the structure can be done by yourself, and all its components can also be made independently.
It is worth remembering that the compressor must be mounted indoors and preferably on the wall using reliable and strong metal brackets.
When connecting the pressure tank, it is recommended to use threaded connections due to their high mechanical strength. It is worth noting that all manipulations associated with the stages of final installation of equipment (soldering, injection of freon into the system pipeline) must be carried out with the participation of a qualified specialist.
Insufficiently skillful actions can lead to irreversible mechanical damage to parts and elements of equipment, and are associated with a high likelihood of domestic injuries.
Before performing a test run of pumping equipment, it is necessary to undergo a detailed diagnosis of the general condition of all home wiring and the electric meter.
All outdated and dilapidated elements must be replaced with new ones. In some cases, the installed one does not meet the expectations of the home owners.
Most of this is due to incorrect thermodynamic calculations. The result of this is a system that does not have sufficient power and unreasonably high costs for overpowered equipment.
2.2 How does an air-to-water heat pump work? (video)
Heat pump- an electromechanical device that is used for heating, providing hot water supply or air conditioning the premises of your home. It can operate either autonomously (without auxiliary heating devices) or in parallel with other heaters (diesel boilers, gas boilers, solar collectors, etc.)
Air-to-water heat pumps for home heating consist of two blocks - external (outdoor inverter unit) and internal (hydraulic module).
The inverter unit is installed outdoors and is externally similar to a standard indoor air conditioning unit. It is placed on special brackets on the wall of the house. You can install a canopy to protect from snow and rain. If it is not possible to secure it to the wall, then the unit is placed on a special steel stand for large cargo.
The hydraulic module is located inside the boiler room. It has a relatively small size and a nice design, which will allow it to fit neatly into any boiler room. The indoor module is connected to the outdoor unit with two copper tubes through which the coolant will move, and a four-core connecting cable to synchronize the operation of the units. Here the heat transfer process takes place according to the air-water principle.
The main function of a heat pump is to take heat from outside air and transfer it through a hydraulic module to the needs of consumers. If there is additional equipment installed inside the house (fan coil units), the system can work in the opposite direction, i.e. remove excess heat from air conditioning systems during the warm season.
Low temperature means that it warms water to a temperature of 50C, which can be effectively used in a home heating system through underfloor heating, as well as in a water supply system. The fundamental principle of operation is described by the phrase “air-water” - heat/cold is taken from the air and transferred to water through a coolant (freon).
The operation of the device is fully automated and does not require user intervention. Heat pumps have a number of advantages over their competitors:
- Environmentally friendly. During operation, there are no harmful emissions into the atmosphere, as happens with boilers.
- Safety. The pump has no open flame, odor, exhaust, and is silent.
- Versatility. Compatible with any circulation system.
- Autonomy. It may be the only source of heat in the home heating system.
- Reliability. The simplicity of the design and the absence of large and complex electromechanical elements practically eliminate the possibility of device breakdowns during its operation.
- Economical. The efficiency of heat pumps is up to 350% when operating for cooling and 450% when operating for heating.
- Practicality. For a heat pump, you do not need to purchase fuel or bring gas cylinders.
- Uniqueness. Can work both for heating and cooling rooms.
- Modern. It has rich functionality of internal settings and electronic protection.
Area of use
If, due to insufficient land area, it is not possible to drill a well or install a horizontal collector, you should choose a NIBE air/water heat pump. Such a heat pump takes energy from the outdoor air and directs it into the building for heating and hot water supply.
Unlike air/air heat pumps, air/water systems transfer heat throughout the building using hot water, allowing large areas to be heated. A water heating system does not make noise like an air heating system, since with a water heating system there are no fans inside the building.
Although all air-to-water heat pumps on the market are capable of meeting heating needs, NIBE heat pumps offer the most economical use and significantly reduce heating costs. In bivalent operating mode, the heat pump will provide the bulk of the heat very economically, so the existing backup heating system only needs to cover the peak period. In monoenergetic mode of operation, i.e. In combination with an additional electric heater, the heat pump itself provides heat, and the electric heater is activated only during the peak period - on the coldest days of the year.
Heat pumps like " air-water» is an effective way to save money for owners of private homes and commercial buildings. Taking air from the street, the unit converts its energy into heat to heat water. This operating principle allows you to heat not only a room, but also an artificial body of water, for example, a swimming pool, with maximum efficiency. The use of available natural resources such as water and air guarantees a quick return on investment. The energy efficiency of air source heat pumps ensures their high popularity in both the international and domestic markets. In leading European countries, Austria and Germany, the share of sales of air-type heat pumps reaches 70%.
Air heat pump: design features and operating principle
Because the air-to-water heat pump completely covers the issue of high-quality heating and stable water heating, then the solution buy it is becoming increasingly relevant. Unlike centralized heating systems, this design allows not only to heat the room more economically, but also to cool it or maintain a comfortable temperature in the pools. Versatility and a significant reduction in utility costs are the undeniable advantages of these units.
Externally, an air-to-water heat pump for domestic needs resembles an air conditioning system. The design, consisting of an indoor and outdoor unit (sometimes two), includes:
- evaporator - a type of heat exchanger that is located in the outdoor unit and is responsible for absorbing heat from the air;
- compressor - a mechanism that, by compressing the refrigerant, ensures an increase in its temperature;
- condenser - an element of the internal module that is responsible for transferring heat from the refrigerant to water (for example, a heating system).
A high level of productivity combined with cost-effectiveness makes the equipment attractive to a wide range of consumers. If you want to create a pleasant microclimate in your home without large investments, it’s time to choose air-to-water heat pump, after all price devices is more than democratic.
To fully understand the benefits of purchasing a unit, you should understand the principle of its operation:
- The collector, located in the outer part of the structure, sucks in air from the street.
- Contact occurs with the evaporator - the procedure of heat transfer from air to refrigerant begins.
- The substance (refrigerant) circulating in the evaporator boils at low temperatures, turning into gas.
- The gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser, where, under the pressure of the compressor, the substance is compressed and its temperature increases.
- The heated substance, entering the condenser, transfers heat to the water, after which it cools again, turning into a liquid.
- Through an expansion valve installed in the circuit, the refrigerant returns to the evaporator, where the cycle is repeated.
Thanks to the use of such a natural resource as air, the cost of heating is significantly reduced. This factor makes air source heat pump a much more attractive option compared to gas and electric heating systems, and price The unit pays for itself in a relatively short period of time.
Air-to-water heat pump for heating as an alternative to a centralized system
The cost of energy resources is growing day by day, which forces modern consumers around the world to look for replacements for expensive heating systems in the form of cheaper analogues. In this plan, Air-to-water heat pump- ideal choice for home heating. The design can be used both in buildings under construction and to improve an existing heat supply system, regardless of the area of the home.
Air source heat pump for home heating profitable buy residents of regions with a temperate climate, where the temperature in the cold season does not exceed -15 °C. The economic benefits of installing such a system are due to the abandonment of a standard heating system (there is no need to pay for gas and water heating), simple installation and uninterrupted operation. At the same time, the equipment shows relatively good results even in severe frosts, maintaining a microclimate in a living space that is comfortable for humans.
Criteria for selecting an air source heat pump
On air source heat pump for home heating price varies depending on the configuration and performance of the unit. Therefore, when choosing the best option for an air heating system for your home, you must take into account the following pump characteristics:
- Design feature.
- Climatic conditions.
- Power.
- Coolant temperature.
Design
The modern market offers two types of heat pump designs - monoblock and split. The monolithic block can be installed both indoors and outdoors. The disadvantage of an external monoblock is that the system freezes at very low temperatures, while the internal one is noisy during operation and the need to move the air intakes outside, which is not always possible in the case of reconstruction.
Split – air source heat pump for heating, which has absorbed all the positive aspects of the external and external candy bar. It is not afraid of severe frosts, the source of noise is located outside, and the indoor unit takes up little space. Meanwhile, the limited distance between the air intake and the indoor unit requires the allocation of additional space when installing from the outside of the building.
Power
You can determine the heat pump power required for a room by calculating the heat loss in the room. The optimal solution is to choose a heat pump whose performance covers the heat losses.
The calculation of the expected heat loss and the amount of energy required to cover this difference in one hour is simplified by the already derived average indicators:
- 50 W per 1 sq. m – for an apartment in a multi-storey building;
- 60 W per 1 sq. m – for a well-insulated house;
- 80 W per 1 sq. m – for the average estate;
- 100 W per 1 sq. m - for a poorly insulated house.
At the same time, one should not forget about such factors as poorly glazed windows, poor airtightness of the room, and the prevailing temperature range. A properly selected heat pump guarantees high performance and durability.
Coolant temperature
An important criterion for a home heating system is the choice of coolant temperature. There are high temperature and medium temperature models. The latter are optimal for installing heated floors, air conditioning systems, and pool heating in a room. At the outlet they produce a water temperature of no more than 50 ºС.
High temperature heat pumps are ideal for radiator heating systems where there is no need for air conditioning and only heating and hot water are required. They are not as prone to large losses in power and performance during severe frosts as they are for medium-temperature units. Meanwhile, this option is not compatible with underfloor heating systems or, if necessary, heating a pool.
Pool heat pumps
Air-to-water heat pump are widely used for swimming pool heating, because price it is much lower than the costs of gas heating equipment. With such a system, a comfortable water temperature for swimming will be maintained all year round.
What power buy heat pump for pool, will depend on several factors:
- compatibility with the tank and existing heating system;
- volume and shape of the tank.
A practical option for arranging a home pool would be inverter air-to-water heat pump. This device allows you not only to heat water to a comfortable temperature during the cold season, but also to cool it in the heat, creating ideal conditions for a pleasant stay.
Purchasing heat pumps as a profitable investment
Inexpensive air-to-water heat pump- the optimal solution for arranging modern housing. Summarizing the main advantages of the equipment, we highlight them:
- efficiency;
- durability;
- functionality;
- environmental friendliness due to the lack of fuel;
- simple installation process;
- high level of operational safety.
Russian-made air-to-water heat pump, meets the above parameters and is not inferior to imported analogues. Domestic heat pumps are offered by the manufacturing company SMAGA. The company’s website presents a wide range of heating equipment for installation in residential, industrial and commercial premises. The use of high-quality mass-produced products from SMAGA guarantees a high level of comfort for consumers.
To receive advice on choosing the optimal heat pump model specifically for your home, you need to contact the SMAGA manager by phone or e-mail indicated in the header of the site.
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