Acer platanoides
Family Maple
Habitat:
- as an admixture in deciduous and mixed forests of Western Europe from the southern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula in the north to the Pyrenees and Balkans in the south;
- on the territory of the European part of Russia from the Karelian Isthmus to the Caucasus, with the exception of the steppe zone
Sizes and growth forms:
life form: tree
crown diameter: 15-22 m
crown shape: wide-round, dense
root system: taproot, with a large number of fine roots in the upper layers of the soil
Lifespan:
150-200 years or more
Growth rate:
grows quickly, especially in youth, annual height growth is 45-60 cm
The soil:
from slightly acidic to alkaline (6.5-7.5)
mechanical composition of the soil: loams, light soils
Planting and propagation:
optimal planting times: autumn, spring
methods of reproduction: seeds, green cuttings, woody cuttings
Features of seed propagation:
- seeds are sown in the ground immediately after ripening;
- when sowing in spring, cold stratification is required under snow for 2 months or in the refrigerator at a temperature of 0...+5 degrees for 3 months;
- gives abundant self-seeding
vegetative propagation:
- lignified cuttings 20-25 cm long are harvested in the fall, dug in for the winter, and planted in a light substrate in the spring;
- when propagated by summer cuttings, 20% takes root without the use of growth stimulants
Winter hardiness:
main type: winter-hardy
Decorative:
Decoration season: Spring Summer Autumn
Peak decorativeness:
Decorative properties: crown shape, leaves, inflorescences, fruits
Trunk (bark color): up to 1 m in diameter, bark dark brown-gray, sometimes almost black, with shallow cracks
Branches (bark color, shape): smooth, reddish-gray
Leaves: simple, 5-, 7-lobed, rounded in outline, up to 12 cm in diameter, with pointed coarse-toothed lobes, dark green above, shiny, glossy below, lighter, on reddish petioles
Summer color of leaves (needles): dark green
Autumn color of leaves (needles): intense yellow, with orange and red spots
Flowering time: before and during leaf bloom, in May
Color spectrum:
Flowers: small flowers, 8-12 mm in diameter, greenish-yellow
Inflorescences:
terminal erect multi-flowered corymbs on short peduncles
Fruits: lionfish with wings diverging at an obtuse angle or almost horizontally
Fruiting dates: September, fruits fall off quickly when ripe
Decorative forms (varieties):
f. globosa(spherical) - with a dense spherical crown and slow growth, it is grafted onto the main species both into the trunk and into the root collar;
f. palmatifida(shape-cut) - a spectacular form with dark green leaves, separate to the base;
Albo-variegata- leaves with large white spots;
Apollo- a medium-sized tree, up to 14-18 m high and 10-15 m wide, with a wide pyramidal dense, uniform crown. Grows quickly. The leaves are fresh green, the tops are reddish. Grows well only on light soils.;
Aureomarginatum- a small tree with a spherical crown. Leaves with yellow edges and yellow spots. Grows slowly;
Aureovariegatum- leaves with yellow splashes, pinkish when blooming;
Bicolor- young leaves with light yellow strokes, which later turn pink;
Buntzelii- a tree with a dense wide crown, up to 20 m tall. The leaves are large, with pointed lobes, reddish-orange-brown when blooming, later golden-yellow with red veins;
Cleveland- a medium-sized tree, 12-15 m tall, with an oval, later ovoid compact crown. Grows quickly. The branches point straight up. The leaves are light red when blooming, then bright green and shiny. in autumn - yellow-orange. Sensitive to dry and waterlogged, acidic and covered soils;
Columnare- a small tree, 8-10 m tall, up to 4 m wide, with an ovoid, later narrow crown with a straight, elongated trunk. Grows more slowly than the main species. The leaves are red in spring, later dark green,
in autumn - yellow;
Crimson King (Schwedleri Nigrum) - tree up to 20 m tall. The leaves are blood-red when they bloom, then throughout the season - dark purple, in the fall - with a purple tint;
Crimson Sentry- a medium-sized tree, 15-20 m tall, with a narrow-columnar, highly branched crown. The leaves are light red when blooming, then brown or dark green, shiny below, and yellow-orange in autumn. The leaves are smaller than those of other representatives of the species, but the most beautiful shape among all red-leaved forms;
Deborah- a medium-sized tree, about 15-20 m high, 12-15 m wide, with a wide-rounded crown. The leaves are slightly wavy, shiny when blooming, light red, then brown-green, and yellow-orange in autumn. Less frost hardy than "Schwedleri";
Drummondii- a small tree up to 6-10 m (sometimes up to 12 m) in height and about 7 m in diameter, with a beautiful wide-pyramidal crown, becoming oval with age. The leaves are light green, with a wide creamy-white stripe along the edges, and bright pink when blooming. One of the most spectacular forms of Norway maple;
Emerald Queen- a small tree up to 15 m tall and 8-10 m wide, with an oval crown and a straight vertical trunk. Grows quickly. The leaves are light red when blooming, dark green in summer, light yellow in autumn;
Eurostar- a tree 12-15 (20) m tall, with a pyramidal symmetrical crown and a straight trunk reaching to the crown. The branches are directed at an acute angle to the trunk. The leaves are light green, intense yellow in autumn. Blooms a little later than other varieties. Ideal for urban environments;
Fassen's Black- a small tree, up to 12-15 m tall and 8-10 m wide, with a wide pyramidal or rounded crown, which becomes loose and asymmetrical with age. The growth rate is lower than that of the main species. The leaves are light red when they bloom, then dark red-brown until autumn. The flowers are dark red, with yellow stamens;
Fassen's Redleaf- leaves of more saturated red tones;
Farlake's Green- a small tree, 12-15 (20) m in height and 6-8 (10) m in width, with a spreading crown. Young shoots with olive-green bark grow vertically. The leaves are dark green, yellow-orange in autumn. The fruits are invisible. It grows very quickly. Resistant to city conditions;
Globosum - a small, very slow-growing tree, up to 6 m tall and 3-5 m wide. The crown is symmetrical, spherical, highly branched, dense, slightly flat with age. The leaves are bronze when blooming, then light green;
Golden Globe- a tree with a spherical crown and golden foliage;
Goldsworth Purple- a tree with a dense, wide crown, up to 12 m in height. The leaves are wavy, with five unequal lobes, red-brown when blooming, dark purple in summer, brown in autumn;
Maculatum- a low tree. The leaves are smaller than those of the main species, with fine white and cream sprays when blooming;
Puechkleri- young leaves with pink, red, brown, gray and white strokes, turning white in summer;
Olmstedt- a tree of medium height, up to 12-15 m in height and 5-6 m in width, with a columnar crown, which becomes pointed or cone-shaped with age. It grows quite slowly. The leaves are very large, bronze when blooming, green and shiny in summer, yellow in autumn;
Roseobullatum- leaves with convex pink spots on a dark green background;
Royal Red- improved "Fassen"s Black". Tree 12-15 m high, with a broad pyramidal or rounded crown. When blooming, the leaves are light red, shiny, red-black in summer, red in autumn. Flowers are dark red, with yellow stamens , look impressive against the background of dark foliage. Grows slowly, susceptible to diseases;
Reitenbachii- a tree up to 15 m high with a straight vertical trunk. The leaves are the same as those of Norway maple, turning red from late summer;
Rubrum- leaves are red when blooming, green in summer, dark red in autumn. The flowers are greenish;
Rubescens- when blooming, bronze-red, then green;
Stoltii- fast-growing tree up to 15 m tall. The leaves are large, usually three-lobed, purple when blooming, then turn green;
Schwedleri- a beautiful powerful tree with an openwork wide-pyramidal crown, 20 m high, 10 m in diameter. It grows quickly, especially at a young age. The leaves are large, blood-red when blooming, and in the second half of summer they become shiny bronze-green. Leaf veins and petioles remain purple. In autumn the leaves are copper or orange-red. Extremely resistant to urban conditions;
Summershade- a tree up to 18-20 m in height and 12-18 m in width, with a broadly oval, sparse crown and a straight central trunk. Grows moderately quickly. The leaves are more deeply dissected than those of the main species; in autumn they are bright, golden yellow. Susceptible to windbreaks. In unfavorable conditions it is damaged by frost;
Variegatum (Albovariegatum)- leaves with pink strokes when blooming, which then turn white
Peculiarities:
frost resistance, heat resistance, resistance to urban conditions, wind resistance, honey plant
Planting type:
Planting type: massif, group, tapeworm, alley, row planting
- very shade-tolerant;
- demanding of soil richness and moisture;
- does not tolerate stagnation of water and salinity;
- up to the age of 60-70 years it is capable of producing abundant growth from the stump;
- tolerates transplantation well;
- in landscaping it is valued as one of the best breeds for single plantings, alleys and colorful powerful groups;
- when creating forest plantations, it is used as an accompanying species;
- wood is valued in carpentry and furniture production, in the manufacture of musical instruments and crafts
Maple is a genus of woody plants that includes more than 150 species of shrubs and trees, widespread in Asia, Europe and northern latitudes. In general, maple species are unpretentious, frost-resistant and shade-tolerant. Therefore, maples are often used when landscaping city parks and garden plots. Photos of maple trees and leaves of different types can be found on the Internet or in specialized literature.
Botanical description
Most maple species are trees that grow from 10 to 40 meters. But there are also shrubs up to 10 meters high, which have many shoots coming from the base. Among the deciduous representatives there are also evergreen specimens growing in South Asia.
Most plants of this species have palmate (finger-shaped) leaves, similar to an open human palm.
Other forms of maple leaves include:
- compound palmate;
- without blades;
- complex-pinnate;
- trifoliate;
- with pinnate veining.
It is thanks to its leaves that maple is considered one of the most beautiful woody plants. The foliage may remain the same color throughout the season, or it may change color several times.
The flowers of the plant have five petals, which can be yellow, green and red. Depending on the species, flowering may occur either before or after foliage appears. After flowering for 6 weeks, fruits are formed - diploids. The shape of the fruit allows the wind to carry it over considerable distances when falling.
Types and varieties of maple
Maple trees and shrubs are distributed throughout the world. Among them are plants that grow only in the natural environment, which can reach 40 meters in height, and decorative forms that are bred by breeders for landscaping gardens and parks.
Types of maple trees
Various varieties of maple are found in many cities and countries. This popularity is due to the unpretentiousness of plants, their resistance to negative environmental factors and, of course, decorative qualities.
The most famous types of maple:
Varieties with original foliage
The variety of maple varieties is so great that using only this type of plant you can create original wood compositions. Trees with unusual shape or color of foliage will stand out against the background of other plants. These types include:
Trees with a spectacular crown
Landscape designers have recently begun to widely use decorative species of Norway maple with an original crown shape that does not require shaping. Most of these plants are perfect for both park areas and small private areas, since they do not grow higher than 12 meters.
Varieties of maple with a spectacular crown:
Growing maple at home
A smaller copy of the maple tree can be grown at home using the art of bansai. Most often, small trees are grown from conifers: spruce, pine. At the same time, the plant remains unchanged all year round. Bansai of a deciduous tree will require a lot of effort and time, but the result can be a tree that behaves like a full-fledged plant. To grow bansai, special specimens were bred, whose small leaves look quite organic on a small tree. These include:
- blue;
- blue;
- violet;
- blond;
- Japanese red.
Maples are popular all over the world. Love for this plant is due to its unpretentiousness, shade tolerance, frost resistance, and ability to grow on poor soils. It is impossible to be indifferent to him.
And what a beautiful maple in the fall! This plant is often mentioned by writers and poets, used by artists in their works, and even ordinary people are not averse to drawing a picture with a stunningly beautiful tree.
Maple tree
Tree Norway maple (lat. Acer platanoides), or sycamore maple, or sycamore maple- a type of maple that is widespread in Western Asia and Europe. The northern border of the range of this species reaches the southern regions of Scandinavia, Karelia and Finland, and the southern border ends in northern Iran. Norway maple grows in mixed and deciduous forests in small groups or singly.
Planting and caring for Norway maple (in brief)
- Landing: early spring or autumn.
- Lighting: bright light or light partial shade.
- The soil: well-drained, fertile, containing peat compost and humus.
- Watering: after planting - frequent, then - regular: water consumption per watering for an adult tree is 2 buckets, for a young tree - 4. Timely and sufficient soil moisture is especially important in dry and hot weather.
- Feeding: from the second spring, the tree trunk circle is mulched with a 3 cm thick layer of rotted manure, and throughout the season, tablets with slow release of nutrients are laid out in the root zone with the following frequency: until the end of spring - twice a month, until the end of summer - once.
- Trimming: only for sanitary purposes in early spring, before the buds awaken.
- Reproduction: seeds, air and root layering.
- Pests: mealybugs, whiteflies and leaf weevils.
- Diseases: coral spotting.
Read more about growing Norway maple below.
Norway maple - description
The height of Norway maple can reach 30 and sometimes more meters. Its trunk is covered with brownish-gray, almost black, fissured bark, and on young branches the bark is smooth, reddish-gray. The crown of the Norway maple is round in shape, with wide, strong branches directed downwards. The maple leaves are palm-shaped, simple, opposite, with large-toothed blades pointed at the ends, of which there can be 5-7 pieces. The upper side of the plate is dark green, the lower side is paler. In autumn, maple leaves turn yellow or orange. A milky juice oozes from the veins and petioles of broken leaves. The tree blooms in the first half of May with fragrant yellowish-green flowers, collected in corymbs of 15-30 pieces. Since Norway maple is a dioecious plant, its flowers are either female or male. The plant is pollinated by insects. The nectary, which is a flat ring into which the bases of the stamens are embedded, is located between the ovary and the petals. The fruit of the Norway maple is a lionfish that splits into two single-seeded fruits, ripens at the end of summer and sometimes does not fall from the tree until the end of winter. The plant is a honey plant.
Norway maple is very similar in appearance to another species - Canadian or sugar maple. They are distinguished primarily by the juice released from the petioles: in Canadian maple it is transparent. In addition, the autumn color of the leaves of the Canadian maple is brighter, and the bark is rougher and rougher. The leaf shape of the Canadian maple is not as lobed as that of the Norway maple. These two maples also differ in the type of buds: in the Canadian one they are bright green, and in the Norway maple they have a reddish tint.
Planting Norway maple
Norway maple is planted in early spring or autumn. The distance from the maple to any other plant should be at least 2.5-3 m. When creating a hedge, Norway maple seedlings are placed at intervals of about 2 m. Norway maple is planted in a sunny or slightly shaded place in well-drained soil. The planting hole should be at least four times wider than the root ball, but equal in depth. However, when planting maple in an area with high groundwater levels, the hole must be made deeper so that it can accommodate a drainage layer of broken brick, crushed stone or screenings at least 15 cm thick.
Make sure that the root system of the seedling does not dry out before planting: soak its roots in water for several hours.
The fertile mixture that is to fill the hole should consist of three parts peat compost or humus, two parts turf soil and one part sand. You need to throw 120-150 g of Nitroammophoska to the bottom of the hole, then lower the roots of the seedling into the hole, straighten them and fill the space with a fertile mixture. The root collar of the seedling should be several centimeters above the surface. After planting, at least three buckets of water must be poured into the maple tree trunk, and when it is absorbed and the soil settles, the root collar will be where it should be - at surface level. In the coming days, the area around the seedling should be covered with a layer of peat or dry soil 3-5 cm thick.
Norway maple care
How to grow Norway maple
After planting, maple trees need to be watered frequently. But not only seedlings, but already strong and even mature maples need regular watering, especially in summer. Water them once a month in spring and autumn and every week in summer. Consumption per adult plant is about 2 buckets, and young maples need twice as much water. However, if the leaves of the tree have acquired a too light green tint, this indicates that you have overdone the soil moisture. And drooping leaves are a sign of insufficient watering. After moistening the soil, the tree trunk circle is loosened from time to time, at the same time removing weeds that have appeared in the root zone.
If you added fertilizer to the hole when planting, the maple will not need feeding until the end of the current season. From the second spring, rotted manure is used as a fertilizer, a layer of which 3 cm thick is evenly mulched around the tree trunk. The plant responds well to slow-release nutrient tablets, which are placed in the root zone twice a month from the beginning of the growing season until the end of spring, and then once a month until the end of summer.
The dormant period of the maple lasts from the first frost until March. Young plants need to be covered for the winter: the Norway maple trunk is wrapped in burlap and tied with rope - both from frost and from rodents. It is imperative to cover the root neck of the tree with spruce branches. With age, maple frost resistance increases, and these measures will become unnecessary.
Norway maple pruning
Pruning of Norway maple is carried out exclusively for sanitary purposes: broken, frozen, dry or disease- or pest-affected shoots and branches, as well as root shoots are removed. To make the tree look neat, you can shorten the shoots that stick out to the sides and cut out those that grow inside the crown. The beautiful spherical crown of Norway maple does not need formative pruning.
Pests and diseases of Norway maple
A characteristic disease for maples is coral spotting, which is manifested by the death of branches and the formation of small burgundy spots on the tree bark. Affected branches must be removed immediately, and the cuts must be treated with garden varnish. Both before and after pruning, garden tools need to be disinfected.
Insects that harm Norway maple include mealybugs, whiteflies and leaf weevils. Whitefly larvae are destroyed by treating the maple with Ammophos, after cutting out and setting on fire the branches affected by them. The occupation of maple by mealybugs can be avoided if you treat the tree leaf by leaf with Nitrafen until the buds swell, and the remedy for weevils is a solution of Chlorophos, prepared in accordance with the instructions and used to treat the tree leaf by leaf.
Norway maple propagation
Propagation of Norway maple by seeds
Maple is easily propagated by seed. Sow the seeds in a seedling bed in the fall so that they undergo natural stratification during the winter months. In the spring, friendly shoots will appear that will need to be planted. You can sow in March, but in this case you will have to stratify the seeds for 5-7 days in the vegetable drawer of the refrigerator, placing them in a container with wet sand.
Propagation of Norway maple by air layering
On the branch from which you are going to make a layer, you need to use a sterile sharp knife to cut the bark obliquely several times and treat the adjacent cuts with a root former (Heteroauxin or Kornevin). Beads of foam plastic are inserted into the cuts so that their edges do not close again, after which the wounds should be covered with damp moss, and a plastic bag should be placed on top of this part of the branch, securing it tightly above and below the cuts. After this, cover the bag from the sun with canvas or aluminum foil.
Gradually, roots will begin to grow in the places of the cuts, which will be immersed in moist sphagnum. Next spring, during the time of active growth, the cuttings are separated from the maple, freed from polyethylene, foil or fabric and planted in the ground together with sphagnum.
Reproduction of Norway maple by root layering
Several cuts are also made on the root shoots closer to the surface of the earth, treated with a root-forming solution and hilled high, covering the cuts with soil. During the season, water and hill up the cuttings: by next spring they will have developed their own roots, and you can dig them up and plant them in a new place.
Norway maple varieties
Norway maple has several decorative forms and many varieties. The most commonly used is the spherical form of maple - a slow-growing tree, which is grown by grafting into a trunk or into the root collar, which achieves the bush-like appearance of the plant. The standard form is used in alley and single plantings. To decorate lawns, it is grafted into the root collar. The palm-cut form of the maple is a showy plant with dark green leaves that are separate to the base. Norway maple Drummond is a tree with pink leaves when budding and then white edged leaves, which makes an indelible impression with its unusual beauty. The shape of the Golden Globe is a tree with a spherical crown and golden foliage.
The most commonly grown Norway maple varieties are:
- Norway maple Globosum- a tree no higher than 7 m with a crown diameter from 3 to 5 m. The leaves of the plant are palmate, consisting of 5 parts. They are pink when they bloom, then turn dark green and yellow-orange in the fall;
- Norway maple Crimson King- a tree up to 20 m high with a crown shape typical for a plant of this species and rich purple, almost black leaves throughout the season. When they bloom, they are bright red with pink cataphylls, then the leaves gradually darken to a burgundy hue, and in the fall the upper side of the plate acquires a purple tint;
- Norway maple Crimson Sentry– a slender tree up to 20 m high and a crown diameter up to 8 m. The branches of this variety are directed upward, the palmately divided bright red leaves consist of five parts;
- Norway maple Deborah- a plant up to 20 m high with a crown width of up to 15 m. Five-seven-lobed leaves with a slightly wavy edge reach a length of 15 and a width of 20 cm. When blooming, they are shiny, purple-red on the upper side, and dark on the lower side. green. Then the upper part of the plate gradually turns green and eventually acquires a brown tint, and in the fall the leaves become yellow-orange;
- Norway maple Emerald Queen is a fast-growing tree up to 15 m high with a crown diameter of up to 10 m, palmate-lobed leaves, bronze when blooming, then turning green and turning yellow in autumn;
- Norway maple Faassens Black- a tree of the same size with light red leaves up to 15 cm wide when blooming, which gradually darken, becoming shiny, almost black with a purple-violet tint;
- Norway maple Royal Red– the height of this tree is from 8 to 12 m. The leaves are blood-red when blooming, then they become black-red and shiny, and turn red again in the fall;
- Farlakes Green– red Norway maple, then its leaves turn dark green and turn bright yellow in the fall. This tree with an ovoid crown reaches a height of 12-15 m;
- Cleveland– the diameter of the broadly ovoid crown of this variety can reach from 6 to 8 m with a tree height of 12-15 m. Over time, the crown becomes almost spherical. The plant's five-part palmately lobed leaves are light green in April, then turn dark green and bright yellow in the fall.
- PFAF rating of medicinal properties: —
- Common maple preparations have choleretic, diuretic, analgesic, tonic, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, antiseptic, astringent, antiscorbutic, antiemetic, tonic, antibacterial, antipyretic properties.
- Bark maple is used as an astringent for diarrhea. A weak solution of ash obtained from tree bark is rubbed into the scalp to enhance hair growth.
- Leaves maple trees help relieve fever, tone the body and strengthen the immune system. Ground freshly picked leaves of the tree are used as bandages and compresses applied to damaged areas of the skin. An infusion or decoction of the leaves helps with renal colic and bladder diseases.
- Fruit used for urolithiasis and kidney diseases as a tonic, as well as for colds, acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections and bronchitis.
- Flowers used in the treatment of stomach and intestinal disorders.
- Juice maple has bactericidal properties, due to which it is used in folk medicine as a natural antiseptic that can be used to treat wounds, ulcers and abrasions, which will speed up the healing process and relieve inflammation. Fresh maple sap has a strengthening effect because it contains a whole range of useful substances and vitamins. If you mix the juice with warm milk in equal proportions, you can cure a cough. Sweet maple juice can be taken during pregnancy to quench thirst, elevate mood and strengthen the immune system, one-third of a glass three times a day.
- Maple honey increases immunity, prevents the development of anemia and atherosclerosis, invigorates and tones the body, calms the nervous system, increases lactation, promotes wound healing.
- Contraindications There were no indications for taking Norway maple medications (with the exception of individual intolerance). However, pregnant women should be careful with this plant, which contains alkaloids that increase contractions of the smooth muscles of the uterus.
- Dendrotherapy. Maple is a donor tree, communication with it energizes, helps with depression, fatigue, weak immunity, hypothermia, low blood pressure, colds and even the evil eye. This tree, which helps people of all types find peace of mind, brings peace and self-confidence. This is a tree of inner strength and balance, with a soft, relaxing energy. Maple is not touchy; takes on all emotional outbursts, frees you from boiling passions. Maple alleys with closely planted trees (5–7 m) are a real bioenergy corridor. Walking along such alleys means gaining powerful energy potential. The tree is active from 7 to 10 o'clock, at rest - from 4-5 o'clock. When growing maple, you should remember that this tree does not like loneliness.
Acer platanoides
Taxon: family Sapindaceae ( Sapindaceae)
Other names: common maple, sycamore maple
English: Norway Maple
Botanical description of Norway maple
Various types of maples are widespread in deciduous forests. Most often found here is the Norway maple, or common maple - a tree up to 30 m tall, with gray bark. Young shoots are reddish. The leaves of maple are dark green, large, opposite, on long petioles, palmate and five-lobed. The lobes are three to five notched-toothed with pointed tips. The leaf blades are pierced by numerous veins of varying thickness. Maple flowers are collected in yellowish-green bunch-shaped inflorescences, the calyx and corolla are five-parted. The maple fruit is flat with two wings and breaks into two nuts. The maple tree blooms in the spring before the leaves bloom, in April-May, and bears fruit in September.
Places of growth
Norway maple grows in deciduous forests and less often in mixed forests, and is bred in gardens and parks for landscaping. Maple is widespread in the European part of Russia and the Caucasus.
Collection and preparation
Leaves, juice and shoots of maple are used for medicinal purposes. The leaves are harvested in the first half of summer, dried in the sun and dried in the attic or in a dryer. Maple fruits are harvested when ripe. Dry in a dryer or oven at a temperature of 50-60 °C. Store in bags or closed wooden containers.
Chemical composition of Norway maple
It has been established that the leaves contain carbohydrates, alkaloids, aldehydes (alpha-hexenoic, beta-hexonic), organic acids (acetic, succinic, phthalic), polyisopropenes (squalene), rubber, carotenoids (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, xanthophyll epoxide etc.), nitrogen-containing compounds (methylamine, etc.), vitamins C (up to 268 mg/%), phenol carbonic acids (salicylic, gallic), tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, higher fatty acids, lipids (phytinyl linolenate) and other substances . The seeds contain cyclotols, rubber and fatty oil.
Pharmacological properties of Norway maple
An infusion or decoction of the leaves has antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, wound-healing, and analgesic effects. Antibacterial properties are manifested against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and viruses.
Use of maple in medicine
Preparations from maple are used for kidney stones, kidney diseases, bladder diseases, jaundice, as an antiemetic and tonic. And also for diseases of the upper respiratory tract, acute respiratory diseases, herpes, inflammation of the lungs and oral cavity. A decoction of the leaves is drunk after childbirth so that the baby's place comes out.
Medicines from maple
Infusion of maple leaves: pour 1 tbsp of boiling water over a glass. l. fresh or dry leaves, leave for 30 minutes in a warm place, take 1/4 cup 3-4 times a day.
Chopped fresh maple leaves applied to wounds and ulcers to heal them, having previously treated them with any antiseptic, steamed leaves are applied to boils. Fresh raw materials are bandaged every day. The course of treatment is 5-7 days.
Sweet maple sap Drink for scurvy as a tonic drink.
After oak, birch and pine, maple is the leader among other trees in terms of its bioenergy content, which can quickly restore human energy. The energy of the maple remains constant from spring to autumn. The best time to communicate with maple is early in the morning, after sunrise. Maples feel great among birches, aspens, and oaks.
Using maple on the farm
Norway maple is widely planted in gardens, parks and along city roads. Decorative throughout the growing season. Produces abundant growth from the stump. It withstands replanting and urban conditions well, and is wind-resistant. Within its range, it is one of the main breeds for gardening construction in Russia. Valued for its large size, dense crown, slender trunk, and ornamental foliage. Suitable for single and alley plantings, colorful groups. The autumn outfit is especially impressive against the backdrop of coniferous trees. In garden culture since ancient times.
Maple is a honey plant. It is of great importance for beekeeping as an early honey and pollen-bearing plant. Maple honey is a light variety with excellent taste. From 1 hectare of flowering Norway maple, bees extract 200 kg of honey.
The wood is used for crafts and in furniture production.
The leaves were used as dyes for wool.
A little history
There are many trees on Earth whose trunks contain sweet juices, but there is especially a lot of it in the spring. sugar maple (Acer saccharum), growing in North America. This juice contains up to 20% sugar. Long before the discovery of America, the Indians were collecting sweet juice and making sugar from it. This tree has become a kind of emblem of the country - the maple leaf adorns the coat of arms and national flag of Canada.
Photos and illustrations
Loading...